Comparing cumulative index and factor analytic approaches to measuring maltreatment in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

Child maltreatment is a complex and multifaceted construct in need of advanced statistical techniques to improve its measurement. The current study compared the predictive utility of a cumulative index to a factor analytic approach for constructing a measure of maltreatment. Data were from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Wave III: n = 14,800; Wave IV: n = 12,288). As adults, participants retrospectively reported on their childhood experiences of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, supervisory neglect, and social services investigations. Both the cumulative index and a two-factor solution showed evidence of convergent validity, predicting lifetime incidence of homelessness, being paid for sex, and various measures of running away or living apart from biological parents, and prospectively predicting depression, substance use, and criminal behavior. The latent variables, derived from a factor analytic approach, had greater explanatory power for many outcomes compared to the cumulative index, even when controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results suggest that factor analysis is a better methodology than a cumulative index for measuring maltreatment in large datasets when explanatory power for external outcomes is of greatest concern.  相似文献   

The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Kristen MacKenzie-Shalders  Jaimon T. Kelly  Daniel So  Vernon G. Coffey  Nuala M. Byrne 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1635-1649

ABSTRACT

The systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of aerobic, resistance and combined exercise on RMR (kCal·day^-1) and performed a methodological assessment of indirect calorimetry protocols within the included studies. Subgroup analyses included energy/diet restriction and body composition changes. Randomized control trials (RCTs), quasi – RCTs and cohort trials featuring a physical activity intervention of any form and duration excluding single exercise bouts were included. Participant exclusions included medical conditions impacting upon RMR, the elderly (≥65 years of age) or pregnant, lactating or post-menopausal women. The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42,017,058,503). 1669 articles were identified; 22 were included in the qualitative analysis and 18 were meta-analysed. Exercise interventions (aerobic and resistance exercise combined) did not increase resting metabolic rate (mean difference (MD): 74.6 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?13.01, 161.33], P = 0.10). While there was no effect of aerobic exercise on RMR (MD: 81.65 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?57.81, 221.10], P = 0.25), resistance exercise increased RMR compared to controls (MD: 96.17 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: 45.17, 147.16], P = 0.0002). This systematic review effectively synthesises the effect of exercise interventions on RMR in comparison to controls; despite heterogenous methodologies and high risk of bias within included studies.  相似文献   

Quality education through performativity. ‘Learning crisis’ and technology of quantification in Tanzania     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2014

Concerns over effective learning have been central to the post-2015 debates. This renewed emphasis on quality has prompted a search for international standardised definitions and measures of learning. Performativity – the production of performance through measurement devices, borrowed from the private sector, that induce new individual conducts and institutional organisations – is likely to constitute a prominent feature of the post-2015 education aid landscape. In Tanzania, that has been facing a learning crisis since the end of the 2000s, technologies of quantification have been deployed by aid agencies (within the budget support framework) and a local NGO, Twaweza (Uwezo studies, cash-on-delivery, performance-based teachers’ salary and school funding, randomised-controlled trials) to address poor learning performances. This paper provides a critical analysis of this new public management technology and argues that they represent groundwork for a further stage in neoliberal education more certainly than for the promotion of a transformative education.  相似文献   

Effect of teacher support on students’ math attitudes: Measurement invariance and moderation of students' background characteristics     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

We examine the effect of students' perceptions of teacher support on attitudes towards math and whether the association varies between students from historically underrepresented groups in STEM. Participants included high school students enrolled in an AP Statistics course (N = 585, M_age = 16.75 years, SD_age = 0.88). Measurement invariance conducted on the basis of student background characteristics (i.e., biological sex, underrepresented race/ethnicity status, and parental educational attainment) provided evidence of metric invariance or greater. Standardized regression coefficients suggested potential differences, such that for students who were female, from an underrepresented racial/ethnicity group in STEM, or had parents with lower levels of education, the effect of teacher support appeared not as strong compared to their counterparts. However, scaled chi-square difference tests comparing nested latent path models did not suggest a moderation effect of these three characteristics. These findings have implications for understanding barriers many students face in receiving the benefits of teacher support.  相似文献   

PBL在“测量原理”课程中的应用与探索     

胡梅  周超  王光明  陈建云  郭熙业 《当代教育理论与实践》2021,13(1):60-65

"测量原理"是测控技术与仪器专业的一门学科基础课。由于测量科学技术形态的复杂性和课堂讲授学时的限制,该课程采用抽象的、形式化的公式语言符号来表达一种凝练的知识结构,将各种测量原理和方法的外延知识最大限度地化简,因而教学难度极大。为了让学生更好地理解课程的各重难点知识,特引入PBL教学法,通过问题引导学生积极深入地思考,从而领会更加透彻,掌握更加牢固。首先系统梳理课程知识点,通过分析测量信号区别度这个知识点的特点,将"什么是区别度"和"为什么研究区别度"两个根本问题细化为10个具体问题进行教学实践,取得了良好的教学效果。  相似文献   

Evaluating construct validity and internal consistency of early childhood individualized family service plans     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2015

This study presents evidence regarding the construct validity and internal consistency of the IFSP Rating Scale (McWilliam & Jung, 2001), which was designed to rate individualized family service plans (IFSPs) on 12 indicators of family centered practice. Here, the Rasch measurement model is employed to investigate the scale's functioning and fit for both person and item diagnostics of 120 IFSPs that were previously analyzed with a classical test theory approach. Analyses demonstrated scores on the IFSP Rating Scale fit the model well, though additional items could improve the scale's reliability. Implications for applying the Rasch model to improve special education research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   

“新工科”背景下“建设工程计量与计价”课程教学改革与实践     

吴婧 《科教文汇》2020,(7):70-71

近年教育部积极推进“新工科”建设,为积极响应工程教育改革举措,结合“建设工程计量与计价”课程综合性、实践性强的特点,分析了该课程教学现状与存在的问题,围绕理论教学、教学方法、教学实践、考核方式等方面进行探索和改革,旨在提高学生对该门课程的学习热情和主动性,培养学生解决问题和知识运用的能力。  相似文献   

循环经济的循环度及其相关问题研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

计晓东  杨玉凤 《资源科学》2011,33(6):1126-1130

循环经济作为一种新的经济发展模式,目前还存在因其效益的不定、循环不经济、非环保现象严重等诸多问题。本文从循环经济的经济收益角度,分析循环经济的效益问题,指出了确立实现经济、环境、社会综合效益最大化条件下的最优循环度问题,以及探讨了循环经济度的定义、测量、影响因素及循环路径等问题。最后指出循环经济度测量应从循环强度、循环尺度、循环时间等几个方面考虑;影响因素是技术、政策、物流和经济环境等,并受各因素共同影响;循环路径的延伸,对综合效益的影响,也改变了最优循环度的确定。本文分析研究循环度与综合效益之间的关系,确定合理循环度,对于避免循环经济的盲目性,提高循环经济的投入与产出效率和效果,促进区域经济、社会、环境的协调发展,具有重要实际指导意义,同时将充实和完善循环经济的理论、方法和实践。  相似文献   

女大学生锻炼动机及自我效能测量工具的设计研究     

陈权  秦春波 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2011,29(2):120-124

为了深入研究女性大学生群体在参与体育锻炼行为中的具体动机及自我效能在锻炼行为中所发挥的影响作用,运用结构方程模型理论,构建了女大学生锻炼动机及自我效能的测量体系,以期为深入研究大众群体健身活动过程中的锻炼动机及自我效能提供有益参考。  相似文献   

公允价值计量在我国银行业中的运用探究     

吴冬霞 《安徽科技学院学报》2011,25(4):101-104

在2008年全球性金融危机的背景下,公允价值计量属性再度成为理论界与实务界关注的焦点。新企业会计准则中有关金融会计准则的颁布与实施对增强我国银行业财务报告的质量和透明度起到了积极的促进作用,但是采用公允价值计量属性,必将对习惯采用历史成本计量属性的银行的财务状况和经营成果带来相当大的影响,同时也给银行的风险管理理念、风险控制技术以及风险管理能力提出新的挑战。文章针对公允价值计量在我国银行业中的运用进行了相关探究。  相似文献