| MPA或VPA等时替代课堂10分钟LPA对高中生体质健康的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 蔡瑞金,薛小安,季浏,王诚.MPA或VPA等时替代课堂10分钟LPA对高中生体质健康的影响[J].武汉体育学院学报,2021,55(3):82-91. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蔡瑞金 薛小安 季浏 王诚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华东师范大学 体育与健康学院, 上海 200241;2. “青少年健康评价与运动干预”教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241;3. 上海市延安中学 体育教研组, 上海 200336;4. 上海市闵行中学 体育教研组, 上海 200240 |
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| 基金项目： | 华东师范大学教育部重点实验室建设项目（40500-541235-14203/004）；青少年体育教育研究上海市社会科学创新研究基地建设项目（11001-412321-17006）；立德树人人文社科基地建设（体育）（11001-412224-18044）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的：探究体育课堂不同运动强度累积时间与体质健康之间的关系。方法：用Actigraph wGT3X-BT采集360名城区和郊区高中生40 minSB、LPA、MPA、VPA累积时间和7日总佩戴时间，并统一进行体质健康测试，运用SPSS23.0对各项指标进行相关分析、回归分析和等时替代分析。结果：（1）在体育课上高中男生MPA、VPA运动时间均显著高于女生，体质健康水平也存在显著性性别差异；（2） LPA运动时间与各项目（立定跳远除外）之间无关，SB、MPA、VPA运动时间与体质健康大部分项目之间均显著相关；（3）对于高中男生，VPA运动时间对立定跳远、引体向上、坐位体前屈，MPA运动时间对肺活量和1000m单独产生有益影响；LPA运动时间对立定跳远、引体向上、坐位体前屈，SB时间对1000m单独产生不利影响；在控制LPA运动时间后，VPA和MPA运动时间对相关体质健康的有益影响减弱；在等时替代LPA后，VPA和MPA运动时间对相关体质健康的有益影响增强；（4）对于高中女生，SB、LPA、MPA与VPA运动时间对体质健康各项目的单独和等时替代影响均不显著，在控制LPA后，SB时间显著提高女生50m速度。结论：目前上海市高中生体育课低于50% MVPA运动时间，MPA运动时间具有发展男生肺活量和1000m的特异性，VPA运动时间具有发展男生立定跳远、引体向上、坐位体前屈和50m的特异性，加速度计测量的课堂SB为肌肉力量和柔韧练习，但是高中女生体质健康的改善需要克服传统体育课程长期运动强度不足的负面效应。
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| 关 键 词： | 高中生 LPA MPA VPA 运动时间 体质健康 等时替代 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-11 |
Isotemporal Substitution of 10 min LPA for MPA or VPA on Physical Fitness in Senior High School Students: Taking Shanghai as an Example |
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| CAI Ruijin,XUE Xiao'an,JI Liu.Isotemporal Substitution of 10 min LPA for MPA or VPA on Physical Fitness in Senior High School Students: Taking Shanghai as an Example[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2021,55(3):82-91. |
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| Authors: | CAI Ruijin XUE Xiao'an JI Liu |
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| Institution: | 1. College of P. E. and Health, East China Normal Univ., Shanghai 200241, China;2. Key Lab of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal Univ., Shanghai 200241, China;3. Dept. of P. E., Shanghai Yan'an Sennior Middle School, Shanghai 200336, China |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study was to explore into the relationship between the cumulative time of different exercise intensities and various physical fitness items in the P.E. classes. Actigraph wGT3X-BT was used to collect the 40-minute class SB,LPA,MPA,VPA cumulative time and 7-day total wearing time of 360 urban and suburban senior high school students. A unified physical fitness test was made and SPSS 23.0 was used to evaluate the data by correlation analysis,regression analysis and isotemporal substitution (IS) analysis. (1) It was revealed that there were signifi-cant gender differences of both MPA and VPA in P.E. class,and also in physical fitness. (2) There were no relationship between LPA and physical fitness (except for standing long jump),and there were significant relationships between SB,MPA,VPA and most of the physical fitness items. (3) For senior high school boys,VPA played a positive influence on standing long jump,pull-ups,seated forward bend. MPA played a positive role on vital capacity and 1000m. LPA had a negative effect on standing long jump,pull-ups and seated forward bend. SB had a negative effect on 1000m. After controlling LPA,the beneficial effects of VPA and MPA on relevant physical fitness were weakened. After IS taking the place of LPA,the beneficial effects of VPA and MPA on relevant physical fitness were enhanced. (4) For senior high school girls,SB,LPA,MPA and VPA had no significant effects on physical fitness separately or of IS. After controlling LPA,SB significantly increased the girls' 50m speed. It could be concluded that,at present,the P.E. class of Shanghai senior high school students was lower than 50% MVPA. MPA developed the male's vital capacity and 1000m,and VPA developed the male's standing long jump,pull-ups,sit and reach,and 50m. SB of P.E. measured by accelerometer were muscle strength and flexibility exercises. The improvement of the physical fitness of senior high school girls needed to overcome the negative effects of insufficient exercise intensity in traditional P.E. courses. |
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| Keywords: | senior high school student LPA MPA VPA exercise time physical fitness isotemporal substitution |
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