| 洛克认识论的基本思想及其对后世的影响（二） |
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| 引用本文： | 梁景时.洛克认识论的基本思想及其对后世的影响（二）[J].通化师范学院学报,2010,31(7):46-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁景时 |
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| 作者单位： | 通化师范学院政法系,吉林,通化,134002 |
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| 摘 要： | 约翰·洛克是欧洲哲学史上著名的哲学家,西方近代经验论的集大成者。他的思想是极其丰富的,从而为他赢得在欧洲哲学史上盛誉的是他的经验主义认识论思想。洛克在他的巨著《人类理解论》中系统地、深入地论述了他的经验主义认识论思想。洛克认识论形成的社会背景主要包括两方面。第一,15世纪中到16世纪西欧哲学——洛克经验主义认识论形成的历史追溯。第二,十七世纪的英国——洛克经验主义认识论形成的肥沃土壤。洛克作为英国经验论的集大成者,其理论的形成是在英国资本主义的飞速发展中成长起来的。洛克的认识论认为知识的确定性是贯穿洛克认识论的主线。洛克认为,探求明白的、确定的知识,仅靠对理性或观念的考察是不能获得的,还要转向对语言的分析与批判。洛克对知识确定性的探讨,目的在于对人生确定性的探讨。因此,文中把洛克的经验主义认识论的主要内容概括为：（1）认识主题能力的分析;（2）观念知识的探究;（3）语言的理解分析。洛克的经验主义认识论的影响主要体现在：（1）对近代英国经验论发展的影响。（2）洛克的经验主义认识论对十八世纪法国启蒙运动和十八世纪法国唯物主义发展的影响。（3）对德国古典哲学的影响。康德和费尔巴哈的哲学思想都不同程度地受到来自洛克经验主义认识论的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 洛克 认识论 基本思想 影响 |
Basic Thoughts of Locke Epistemology and Its Influence |
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| LIANG Jing-shi.Basic Thoughts of Locke Epistemology and Its Influence[J].Journal of Tonghua Teachers College,2010,31(7):46-49. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Jing-shi |
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| Institution: | LIANG Jing-shi(Department of Politics and Law,Tonghua Normal University,Tonghua,Jilin 134002,China) |
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| Abstract: | John Locke was a famous philosopher in the history of European philosophy,a synthesizer of western modern empiricism.His thought was extremely abundant,and his thought of empiricism epistemology earned great fame for him in the history of European philosophy.Locke described his thought of empiricism epistemology systematically and deeply in his work An Essay concerning Human Understanding.The historical background of Locke＇s empiricism epistemology mainly included two respects.Firstly,Western European philosophy from the middle 15th century to the 16th century：the historical origin of Locke＇s empiricism epistemology.This period is named as Renaissance that the great brilliant era in the history of European philosophy.Secondly,17th century Britain：the fertile soil that the forming of Locke＇s empiricism epistemology.As the master of British empiricism,the forming of Locke＇s theory had deep historical origin,grew up with the rapid development of British capitalism.The determinacy of knowledge is the masterstroke of Locke＇s epistemology.Locke thought that seeking clear,definite knowledge was not available while only depending on the investigation of nous or the concept,but turning to the criticism and analysis of the language.The purpose of John Locke＇s discussion on the determinacy of knowledge lied in the discussion on the deterministic of life.So,this paper summarizes the main contents of Locke＇s empiricism epistemology：（1） Analysis on ability of understanding the theme;（2） Exploration of the concept and knowledge;（3） Comprehension and analysis of language.The influence of Locke＇s empiricism epistemology to western philosophy embodies in mainly：（1） Impact on the development of modern British empiricism.（2） Impact on the development of the 18th century France Enlightenment and the 18th century France materialism.（3） Impact on German classical philosophy.Kant and Feuerbach＇s philosophic thinking had all been impacted by Locke＇s empiricism epistemology in various degrees. |
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| Keywords: | Locke epistemology basic thought influence |
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