| 科举制度的废除与五四文学的发生 |
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| 引用本文： | 李宗刚.科举制度的废除与五四文学的发生[J].徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,32(5):22-27. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李宗刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东师范大学,文学院,山东,济南,250014 |
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| 摘 要： | 晚清政府宣布废除科举制度,无疑是中国历史上教育制度的重大变革,这意义是怎样估计都不过分的。废除科举制度,使士子诵习的“四书五经及其笺注之文字”失却了其既有的效力,促使他们的文化立场逐步移位于国家民族的基点之上。废除科举制度对五四文学发生的作用主要体现在三个方面:其一,为五四文学发生的创建主体提供了巨大的公共空间。其二,促成了晚清历史上第一次留学生热潮的形成,为留学生获得世界化视野奠定了坚实的基础,留学归国的学生成为五四文学发生最为重要的驱动力量。其三,促成了五四文学创建主体对作为启蒙救亡工具的新式教育和大众传播媒介的认同。总之,科举的废除作为中国教育的一个分水岭,标示着人的知识结构转型的时代已经到来。随着清末民初两代人知识结构的转型,人的价值观念、思维方式和文化认同都随之发生相应的转型。这便形成了五四文学发生之际的一个独特的文学现象,五四文学的创建主体并没有从主导晚清文学的文学家中产生,而是一些名不见经传的“新青年”。
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| 关 键 词： | 科举制度 五四文学 留学 新式教育 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-6425(2006)05-0022-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-12-19 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年12月19 |
The Abolishment of Imperial Examinations and the Happening of the May 4 Literature |
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| LI Zong-gang.The Abolishment of Imperial Examinations and the Happening of the May 4 Literature[J].Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2006,32(5):22-27. |
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| Authors: | LI Zong-gang |
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| Institution: | School of Chinese Studies, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China |
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| Abstract: | The late Qing government has abolished the imperial examination institute,which is no doubt a fundamental evolution.The meaning of it cannot be too evaluated. With the abolishing of the imperial examination institute,the Four Books and the Five Classics and the annotation to them have lost their effects,and their culture position has transformed step by step to the basis of Chinese nation.Its function of promoting the happening of the May 4 literature are the following three aspects: 1.offering the public space for the happening the May 4 literature;2.promoting the current of studying abroad in the late Qing,laying the solid foundation for the requirement of viewpoint of the returned students;3.promoting the recognition of modern-typed education and the public medium which is regarded as the tool of national salvation of the May 4 literature.In a word,the abolishing imperial examination institute is the watershed of Chinese education,marking the coming the transformation of knowledge structure. |
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| Keywords: | the imperial examination institute the May 4 literature studying abroad modern-typed education |
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