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1.
Abstract Although the benefits of exercise are well documented, an international problem of physical inactivity exists. More research, especially theory based, has been recommended. One promising approach for studying exercise behavior is that proposed in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change. This model, however, has received minimal cross-cultural attention and, relative to the current study, measurement instruments have only recently been translated into the Finnish language. The purpose of this study was to assess American and Finnish college students' exercise behaviors on the basis of TTM. Participants were American (n = 169) and Finnish (n = 168) college students who completed language-specific measures of exercise behavior, stage of change, processes of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptation. The only cultural difference observed was that the American participants rated themselves higher on barrier self-efficacy relative to the Finnish participants. Regardless of nationality or gender, participants classified by their stage of change differed on all the core constructs assessed. These results generally support the utility of TTM for understanding American and Finnish college students' exercise behavior. 相似文献
2.
Factors associated with transitional shifts in college students' physical activity behavior 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) has been widely used as a framework for understanding exercise behavior change. The purpose of this study was to clarify equivocal research findings reported for model predictions when examining stage movement over time rather than static stages and to provide some evidence of the construct validity of transitional stages. Participants were female (n = 285) and male (n = 243) undergraduates (M age = 19.9 years, SD = 2.7) who completed previously validated questionnaires twice, separated by 9 weeks, that assessed stage of change, exercise behavior, processes of change, pros and cons of exercise, and exercise self-efficacy. Participants were classified into one of five transitional shift groups based on their responses at baseline and follow up: (a) stable sedentary, (b) stable active, (c) activity adopters, (d) activity relapsers, and (e) perpetual preparers. Results of a 5 (group) x 2 (time) repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) examining exercise behavior revealed a significant interaction (p < .001) and supported transitional stage classification, with activity adopters and stable actives increasing exercise over time and relapsers decreasing activity. Separate 5 (group) x 2 (time) RM ANOVAs examining model constructs revealed no significant interaction for cognitive processes of change; however, activity adopters and stable actives reported significant (p < .01) increases in the use of behavioral processes over time, while only the activity relapsers and perpetual preparers reported decreases. Activity relapsers also reported significant (p < .05) decreases in the pros of exercise. No significant interactions were found for the cons of exercise behavior. Unlike findings reported in cross-sectional studies, increases in self-efficacy did not accompany increases in exercise stage. The findings strongly support examination of stage movement classifications rather than static stages, as these transitions provide greater insight into the mechanisms of exercise behavior change. 相似文献
3.
The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) has been widely used as a framework for understanding exercise behavior change. The purpose of this study was to clarify equivocal research findings reported for model predictions when examining stage movement over time rather than static stages and to provide some evidence of the construct validity of transitional stages. Participants were female (n = 285) and male (n = 243) undergraduates (M age = 19.9 years, SD = 2.7) who completed previously validated questionnaires twice, separated by 9 weeks, that assessed stage of change, exercise behavior, processes of change, pros and cons of exercise, and exercise self-efficacy. Participants were classified into one of five transitional shift groups based on their responses at baseline and follow up: (a) stable sedentary, (b) stable active, (c) activity adopters, (d) activity relapsers, and (e) perpetual preparers. Results of a 5 (group) x 2 (time) repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) examining exercise behavior revealed a significant interaction (p < .001) and supported transitional stage classification, with activity adopters and stable actives increasing exercise over time and relapsers decreasing activity. Separate 5 (group) x 2 (time) RM ANOVAs examining model constructs revealed no significant interaction for cognitive processes of change; however, activity adopters and stable actives reported significant (p < .01) increases in the use of behavioral processes over time, while only the activity relapsers and perpetual preparers reported decreases. Activity relapsers also reported significant (p < .05) decreases in the pros of exercise. No significant interactions were found for the cons of exercise behavior. Unlike findings reported in cross-sectional studies, increases in self-efficacy did not accompany increases in exercise stage. The findings strongly support examination of stage movement classifications rather than static stages, as these transitions provide greater insight into the mechanisms of exercise behavior change. 相似文献
4.
为探讨何种模式的课外体育锻炼有利于培养大学生的一般自我效能感,采用问卷调查对来自3所高校的136名大学生进行了研究,分析课外体育锻炼对一般自我效能感提高的影响因素。参加课外体育锻炼的大学生一般自我效能感明显提高,但性别差异不显著（P〉0．05）;集体锻炼项目优于个人锻炼项目,差异非常显著（P〈0．01）;课外体育锻炼的强度、时间及经历对大学生一般自我效能感的提高均有影响,差异非常显著（P〈0．01）。为提高大学生一般自我效能感应以集体锻炼的体育项目为主、适当加大运动强度和持续时间,并且使大学生持之以恒、养成长期坚持锻炼的好习惯。 相似文献
5.
为探讨一般自我效能与冰雪运动参与行为的关系,揭示锻炼自我效能和锻炼效果认知在一般自我效能与冰雪运动参与行为间的作用机制,采用问卷法对366名大学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)一般自我效能通过锻炼自我效能的部分中介作用间接预测冰雪运动参与行为;锻炼效果认知调节一般自我效能和冰雪运动参与行为的关系;整体模型检验发现,一般自我效能、锻炼自我效能、锻炼效果认知、冰雪运动参与行为构成了一个有中介的调节模型;(2)一般自我效能和锻炼自我效能是两个不同且有联系的层次。本研究结果扩展了锻炼行为的研究领域,有利于揭示冰雪运动参与的影响因素和内在作用机制,对促进大学生乃至全民冰雪运动参与具有一定启示意义。 相似文献
6.
包呼和 《沈阳体育学院学报》2012,31(2):71-74,100
主要采用修订的"蒙汉"双语文字的《蒙古族大学生体育锻炼行为改变量表》进行问卷调查的方法,运用跨理论模型对蒙古族大学生体育锻炼行为改变进行了研究,对内蒙古自治区1 000名蒙古族大学生的体育锻炼行为改变进行了实测和统计分析。结果表明,蒙古族大学生锻炼行为有阶段性的特点,基本呈"橄榄球"型的分布特点。在体育锻炼行为上,自我释放和自我管理与5个变化阶段高度相关,意识控制因素与后3个变化阶段高度相关,并在准备阶段出现了影响因素重叠的情况。 相似文献
7.
8.
身体意象与自我效能对女大学生锻炼行为的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以天津市四所高校三年级在校大学生共600人为研究对象，以量表测量和问卷调查为手段，探索了身体意象与自我效能对女大学生体育锻炼行为的影响。研究表明：女大学生的身体意象并不直接决定锻炼行为，而是要通过自我效能感对于体育锻炼行为起作用。当身体意象高时。低的自我效能感将导致低的锻炼行为，高的自我效能感会带来高的锻炼行为；相反，当身体意象低时，低的自我效能感会带来高的锻炼行为，高的自我效能感会带来低的锻炼行为。 相似文献
9.
R E Lee C R Nigg C C DiClemente K S Courneya 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2001,72(4):401-410
The stages of motivational readiness as conceptualized by the Transtheoretical Model have been widely used among adult samples to assess readiness for adopting exercise behavior. To date, little research has been conducted using a staging framework with adolescent samples. There is a need for validation of the staging framework prior to a substantial amount of research with this age group. The current article presents two studies assessing stage and reported exercise behavior (Study 1: n = 819; M age = 15.0 years, SD = 1.2; 51% men; Study 2: n = 184; M age = 18.6 years, SD = .5; 45% men). As hypothesized in both studies, reported exercise consistently varied as a function of stage classification; those in earlier stages of readiness reported less exercise than those in later stages. Staging algorithms showed good sensitivity to detect reported exercise; however, specificity was distinctly better with the algorithm that used a specific activity criterion and immediate intention, as opposed to irregular behavior, in defining the preparation stage. Results support the validity of the staging framework for measuring motivational readiness for exercise behavior among North American adolescents. 相似文献
10.
合理行为、计划行为与社会认知理论预测身体锻炼行为的比较研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
李京诚 《天津体育学院学报》1999,14(2):34-36
运用合理行为理论、计划行为理论和社会认知理论,预测北京市两所高校的１９９名大学本科学生４周的身体锻炼行为,通过比较研究,探讨个体锻炼参与行为的内部心理机制。结果表明,合理行为理论的态度维度能够对锻炼行为意向产生显著性的影响;计划行为理论提出的行为控制感显著地提高了对锻炼意向的预测水平;社会认知理论对锻炼行为的预测达到了显著性的水平,其中自我效能感和行为自我评价为预测作出了显著的贡献。 相似文献
11.
Matthew R. Rhea Brent A. Alvar Lee N. Burkett 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):485-488
We assessed the factor structure of a revised version of the Exercise Imagery Inventory (EII; Giacobbi, Hausenblas, &; Penfield, 2005), second-order interrelationships for cognitive and motivational forms of mental imagery, and associations with exercise behavior and barriers self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 358 (M age = 20.55 years, SD = 3.88) college students completed the EII-revised (EII-R), a measure of barriers self-efficacy and the Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. The EII-R demonstrated reliability and factorial validity with good model fit statistics. We observed second-order relationships among scale scores and discriminant validity evidence that distinguished cognitive (e.g., exercise technique, exercise routines) and motivational (e.g., appearance/health, exercise self-efficacy, exercise feelings) factors. The second-order imagery factors were significantly and moderately associated with barriers self-efficacy and exercise behavior. 相似文献
12.
Giacobbi PR Tuccitto DE Buman MP Munroe-Chandler K 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2010,81(4):485-493
We assessed the factor structure of a revised version of the Exercise Imagery Inventory (ELI; Giacobbi, Hausenblas, & Penfield, 2005), second-order interrelationships for cognitive and motivational forms of mental imagery, and associations with exercise behavior and barriers self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 358 (M age = 20.55 years, SD = 3.88) college students completed the EII-revised (EII-R), a measure of barriers self-efficacy and the Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. The EII-R demonstrated reliability and factorial validity with good model fit statistics. We observed second-order relationships among scale scores and discriminant validity evidence that distinguished cognitive (e.g., exercise technique, exercise routines) and motivational (e.g., appearance/health, exercise self-efficacy, exercise feelings) factors. The second-order imagery factors were significantly and moderately associated with barriers self-efficacy and exercise behavior. 相似文献
13.
Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change. 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
B H Marcus V C Selby R S Niaura J S Rossi 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1992,63(1):60-66
This study examined the application of constructs concerning stage of readiness to change and self-efficacy to exercise. We developed two scales to measure stages of change for exercise behavior. Prevalence information on a sample of 1,063 government employees and 429 hospital employees was then obtained. Next, the ability of a questionnaire measuring exercise self-efficacy to differentiate employees according to stage of readiness to change was tested. Results from both stages-of-change scales revealed that 34-39% of employees were regularly participating in physical activity. Scores on efficacy items significantly differentiated employees at most stages. Results indicated employees who had not yet begun to exercise, in contrast with those who exercised regularly, had little confidence in their ability to exercise. Continued work at understanding the stages of exercise behavior and exercise self-efficacy could yield important information for enhancing exercise adoption and adherence. 相似文献
14.
通过1194名上海市市民关于锻炼阶段,锻炼乐趣,以及锻炼自我效能的问卷调查。探讨了锻炼对健康生活质量（HRQOL）的影响,以及锻炼各阶段的心理效应变化。结果显示锻炼阶段与HRQOL相关。控制了体重指数（BMI）和锻炼阶段后,锻炼乐趣,锻炼自我效能与生活质量显著相关。结果不仅有力证明锻炼对HRQOL的影响,还证明锻炼带来的积极心理效应也直接影响HRQOL。从结果可以推测,加强我国居民锻炼行为与相关心理效应可以增强健康相关生活质量。锻炼阶段,锻炼乐趣与锻炼自我效能是预测健康相关生活质量的重要指标。 相似文献
15.
Dannecker EA Hausenblas HA Connaughton DP Lovins TR 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2003,74(3):236-247
The purpose of this study was to examine evidence for the validity of a stages of change measure of the Transtheoretical Model for exercise behavior. Participants were 152 university students (53.3% women, 71.6% Caucasian, M age = 19.18 years) who completed processes of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance, stages of change, and exercise behavior questionnaires as well as a maximal treadmill test. Participants in the action and maintenance stages had the highest strenuous (PC/C/P < A/M) and moderate (PC/C < A/M) self-reported exercise behavior. Those in the maintenance stage had the highest estimated aerobic fitness (PC/P < MA). The differences between the early stages (PC, C, and P) and the later stages (A and M) as described by the first function were primarily due to the behavioral process of change. The differences between the extreme stages (PC and M) and the middle stages (C, P, and A) were due to the experiential processes of change and the pros of decisional balance. The hypothesized patterns of stage differences were partially supported. Failure to obtain full support may have been due to methodological issues or inherent difficulties in detecting evidence for the validity of stages of change measures. 相似文献
16.
中学生锻炼行为与决策平衡的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为调查中学生锻炼行为,了解锻炼阶段变化特点及其与决策平衡的关系,采用锻炼阶段变化量表、决策平衡量表对767名中学生进行测查。调查发现:被试锻炼行为阶段分布为:47.72%的中学生不锻炼(前意识和意识阶段),32.86%的中学生参与锻炼,但没有规律(准备期),19.43%的中学生参加规律性锻炼;男女生锻炼阶段变化没有显著性差异;高中生较初中生锻炼参与更少。从前意识期到准备期到维持期,利益感逐渐增加,障碍感渐小,知觉到的利益和障碍对锻炼参与有预测作用。研究提示应依据青少年锻炼阶段进行针对性认知干预。 相似文献
17.
以534名在校大学新生为研究对象,结合行为变化的跨理论模式,用体育锻炼行为阶段调查表和身体自尊量表（PSPP）考察大学新生身体自尊水平的差异情况。结果显示：大学新生不同锻炼行为阶段的身体自尊各维度得分有显著性差异（F值分别为7．26,17．48,8．02,9．00和10．88,P值均为0．000）。从均值的变化趋势来看,随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展,各维度的得分都越来越高,到维持阶段达到最高分。多重比较中可以看出,身体自尊水平自我评价的差异主要表现在维持阶段与准备阶段、意向及前意向阶段。研究表明长期有规律的锻炼行为对自尊水平有很好的促进作用,从而让锻炼者获得良好的心理效益．使茸心理健康状况得到改善。 相似文献
18.
阳光体育运动对大学生锻炼态度及身体自尊的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨阳光体育运动对大学生锻炼态度及身体自尊的影响。采用《锻炼态度量表》及《身体自尊量表》(PSPP)对阳光体育运动的参与者80人、非参与者80人进行测试研究。结果:(1)8周阳光体育运动对参与者锻炼态度总分影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),行为态度、主观标准影响非常显著(P<0.01),在目标态度、行为认知、行为习惯、行为意向方面达到显著水平(P<0.05),在情感体现、行为控制感方面有一定影响,但未达到显著水平;非参与者锻炼态度无明显变化。(2)8周阳光体育运动对参与者PSPP总分影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),其中身体自我价值感、运动能力、身体素质影响显著(P<0.05),身体状况、身体吸引力影响非常显著(P<0.01);非参与者无明显变化。结论:阳光体育运动促进大学生身体自尊各方面均有上升趋势;有效改善大学生锻炼态度,增强其参与意识、影响其锻炼行为。 相似文献
19.
从个体与人际层面探讨大学生体育锻炼行为影响因素及交互关系。以浙江省5所高校1150名大学生为研究对象,采用体育锻炼等级、自我效能、行为态度、行为认知、教师支持以及同伴支持6个量表进行测试,利用结构方程模型对数据进行分析与建模,得到个体与人际水平的大学生体育锻炼行为促进模型。结果显示:锻炼自我效能是大学生体育锻炼行为促进的重要因素,人际水平中同伴支持能够对大学生的锻炼自我效能产生影响;同伴支持对大学生体育锻炼行为的影响大于教师支持,教师支持通过大学生体育锻炼认知与态度影响体育行为。研究认为,在针对大学生群体的体育锻炼行为促进中应关注同伴支持的重要作用,以及教师课堂教学质量的提高。 相似文献
20.
居家体育锻炼作为全民健身和终身体育的重要形式，是新冠肺炎疫情期间和特殊天气条件下大众的主要锻炼方式。通过对新冠肺炎疫情期间47所高校4 416名大学生居家体育锻炼情况的调查，分析了疫情期间大学生居家体育锻炼的行为，结果显示：（1）82.98%的大学生达不到每天锻炼一小时的标准，男生居家体育锻炼频率、强度、时长均显著高于女生，受疫情影响严重的华中地区大学生居家体育锻炼频率和时长均最低，力量练习、跑步、跳绳是大学生主要的居家体育锻炼项目；（2）大学生居家体育锻炼认知与行为之间存在正向相关关系，但知行不一的现象仍普遍存在；（3）内部动机是大学生居家体育锻炼的主要动机，外在因素是阻碍大学生居家体育锻炼的主要因素，学校体育教学、网络媒体、运动APP和公众号是大学生居家体育锻炼认知的主要途径，基于网络课堂的居家体育学习方式中，通过教学视频进行学习的效果最好，网络直播效果最差；（4）父母与子女间的居家体育锻炼行为具有较强的代际互动关系。建议建立基于网络平台的家校社联动机制，促进大学生居家体育锻炼可持续发展。 相似文献