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1.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Cayratia trifolia root extract against streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental rats to scientifically validate its use against diabetes in some parts of India. Ethanolic extract, showing the highest activity in in vitro experiments, was prepared in saline and administered orally to streptozotocin induced albino Wistar diabetic rats for 21 days. Biochemical parameters liver and muscles glycogen and in vivo antioxidant activity in normal, diabetic control, standard (metformin) and treated animals were determined and compared. Attempt was made to isolate, purify and characterize one of the major secondary metabolites in extract by range of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Treatment of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats with ethanolic root extract (500 mg/kg) caused significant (P < 0.01) reduction in blood glucose (312–178 mg/dL), increase in body weight (181–219 g) and serum insulin (1.28–2.26 IU/dL). It also maintained lipid profile and tests of liver and kidney functions within normal range as compared to diabetic control rats and almost at par with standard drug metformin. The oxidative stress induced decline in glutathione and catalase in liver and kidney tissues showed recovery nearly to normal level as a function of treatment. The GC–MS profile of the extract showed relatively high concentration of β-sitosterol which was characterized by different spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The result scientifically and comprehensively validate the reported use of roots of this indigenous plant against diabetes. A strong antioxidant activity of the ethanolic root extract suitably compliments the antidiabetic effect.  相似文献   

2.
The effect of oral administration of vitamin E for twenty-eight consecutive days on blood glucose, reduced glutathione levels, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities), and levels of malondialdehyde (as an index of free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation) was observed in the whole blood and liver of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. It was found that oral administration of vitamin E significantly (p<0.05) lowered the blood glucose level and increased the body weight of the diabetic rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase and levels of reduced glutathione increased significantly (p<0.05) while the level of lipid peroxidation decreased.  相似文献   

3.
Alloxan administration in male Swiss albino mice, induced diabetes by increasing blood glucose concentration and reducing hepatic glycogen content as compared to normal control group. Besides, serum lipid profile parameters such as total-cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were also elevated, whereas, the level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was reduced significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic mice. Treatment of diabetic animals with crude ethanolic extract of bark of Prosopis cineraria (P. cineraria) for 45 days, significantly lowered blood glucose level, elevated hepatic glycogen content and maintained body weight and lipid-profile parameters towards near normal range. Declined activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants were also normalized by drug treatment, thereby reducing the oxidative damage in the tissues of diabetic animals and hence indicating the anti-diabetic and antioxidant efficacy of the extract.  相似文献   

4.
Water extract of dry fruits ofTerminalia chebula (Hindi-Harda, Telugu-Karakkaya) at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight improved the glucose tolerance as indicated by 44% of reduction in the peak blood glucose at 2nd hour in glucose tolerance test in diabetic (streptozotocin induced) rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with an initial fasting blood glucose of 253±9.4 mg/dl daily once with the water extract (200 mg/kg) for two weeks brought down the fasting blood glucose to 123±8.4 mg/dl which is only slightly above the normal value. These results indicate that water extract of Terminalia chebula improves glucose tolerance and brings down fasting blood glucose in diabetic rats.  相似文献   

5.
In the present study, 58 diabetic patients (type II) comprising uncomplicated (27) and complicated (31) cases along with 38 healthy matched controls were investigated for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), glycosylated serum proteins (GSP) and serum lipid profile viz. triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), VLDL-C, LDL-C and their ratios. HbA1 and GSP were significantly elevated in diabetic group as a whole when compared with controls (p<0.01), but comparison of mean values of complicated and uncomplicated group revealed (though higher in complicated) that the difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Follow-up studies showed that while GSP levels reflect variations in blood glucose over a shorter period of 15 days, those of HbA1 do so for about 3 months. HbA1 correlated with fasting blood glucose (p<0.01), whereas GSP showed correlation with both fasting (p<0.01) and postprandial (p<0.05) blood glucose. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriacylglycerolemia were observed (p<0.01) in both the groups. However no significant change was seen in HDL-C (p>0.05) even after accounting for sex in both the groups. Interestingly TC:HDL-C was elevated significantly (p<0.01) in the above groups. These findings seem to suggest that at the levels of hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriacylglycerolemia observed, some patients are prone to develop complications earlier.  相似文献   

6.
Musa cavendish, peels has local and traditional use to promote wound healing, hyperglycemia, ulceration etc. The present work investigated the lipid lowering; nephroprotective and glucose lowering properties of ethanolic extract of peels of Musa cavendish (EMC) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The EMC 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day and the vehicle were administered orally to alloxan-induced diabetic rats (n = 6) for 3 weeks. Changes in plasma glucose, lipid profile along with kidney function before and after treatment with EMC were recorded. The ethanolic extract of peels of Musa cavendish reduced blood glucose, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and creatinine levels and improvement in body weight, liver glycogen, serum HDL cholesterol, serum albumin and total protein level when compared with untreated rats. Musa cavendish has lipid lowering, nephroprotective and antidiabetic property by regulating glucose uptake in the liver and muscles by restoring the intracellular energy balance.  相似文献   

7.
The present study reveals the effect of Musa paradisiaca stem juice on blood glucose level (BGL) of normal & diabetic rats. The dose of 500 mg/kg bodyweight produces a significant rise of 28.3% in blood glucose level after 6h of oral administration in normal rats. Whereas, in sub diabetic rats the same dose produces a rise of 16.4% in blood glucose levels within 1h during glucose tolerance test (GTT) and a rise of 16% after 4 h in fasting blood glucose levels of severe diabetic cases. These results were unexpected and important to report as other species of Musa like Musa sapientum has been reported for its hypoglycemic effect.  相似文献   

8.
Normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed the control high starch-diet or a high fatdiet supplemented with or without sodium orthovanadate (1.5 mg/g diet) for six weeks. Plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol levels and the activities of hepatic glycogen synthase, phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and ATP-citrate lyase were measured in these eight groups of rats. The high fat-diet increased the levels of insulin (P<0.05) and triacylglycerol (P<0.01) in plasma and decreased the activities (P<0.001) of phosphorylase (active from and total) and the lipogenic enzymes. Vanadate supplementation led to significant (P<0.001) decreases in the elevated insulin and triacylglycerol levels whereas the enzyme activities remained unaffected. Diabetes and fat diet in combination caused 3.7-fold increases in plasma glucose and triacylglycerol levels and vanadate decreased them by 58% and 74% respectively. Vanadate improved the activities of hepatic glycogen metabolizing and lipogenic enzymes in diabetic rats when they were fed on control starch-diet but not with high fat-diet. This study shows that vanadate normalizes hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia but not the defective hepatic glycogen metabolism in high fat-fed rats.  相似文献   

9.
The present study defines the systematic evaluation and the role of minerals in glycemic potential of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in order to develop an effective and safe alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus. Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy was used for glycemic element detection. The study is based on the results of lowering in blood glucose levels of normal, sub, mild and severely diabetic rats assessed during fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test and post prandial glucose studies. The dose of 1000mg/ kg was identified as the most effective dose, which reduces the Fasting Blood Glucose level maximum by 33.2% at 4h in normal rats during fasting blood glucose studies. Glucose tolerance test studies of normal, sub and mild diabetic rats showed the maximum reduction of 15.7, 28.9 and 37.8% at 3h respectively. Long-term study in case of severely diabetic rats showed reduction of 52.9 and 54.1% in Fasting Blood Glucose and Post Prandial Glucose levels respectively after 30 days of treatment. The present study, besides confirming hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activities of aqueous extract of W. coagulans, helps in identifying the role of trace minerals like Mg & Ca responsible for antidiabetic potential of this potent indigenous shrub.  相似文献   

10.
The present study deals with the evaluation of glycemic profile of aqueous extract of Cajanus cajan leaves in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. Single oral administration of graded doses of aqueous extract of Cajanus cajan leaves showed significant increment of 14.3 % in fasting blood glucose levels of normal rats. The sub diabetic and mild diabetic models have also shown hyperglycemic effect from the same variable doses of the extract. The dose of 1000 mg/kg showed the maximum rise of 17.1, 71.2 and 50.7 % in Blood glucose levels of normal, sub and mild diabetic rats respectively during glucose tolerance test. The study of leaves was taken into consideration on the basis of earlier reported hypoglycemic activity of Cajanus cajan seeds. However the results observed were found just opposite and therefore it may be useful in controlling hypoglycemia, occasionally caused due to excess of insulin and other hypoglycemic drugs.  相似文献   

11.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic and ameliorative potential of aqueous extract of Ficus bengalensis bark in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of F. bengalensis bark on blood glucose, serum electrolytes, serum glycolytic enzymes, liver microsomal protein, hepatic cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase enzymes and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats was studied. Oral administration of Ficus bengalensis to fed, fasted and glucose loaded diabetic rats significantly [F > 0.05 (ANOVA) and P< 0.05 (DMRT)] decreased the blood glucose level at 5 hrs and restored the levels of serum electrolytes, glycolytic enzymes and hepatic cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme systems and decreased the formation of liver and kidney lipid peroxides at the end of 12 weeks. Further, the aqueous extract of Ficus bengalensis at a dose of 500mg/kg/day exhibits significant antidiabetic and ameliorative activity as evidenced by histological studies in normal and Ficus bengalensis treated streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. On the basis of our findings, it could be used as an antidiabetic and ameliorative agent for better management of diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

12.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Cassia tora (C. tora) seeds extract against streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental rats to scientifically validate its use against diabetes. Ethanolic extract of C. tora seeds extract and standard drug (glibenclamide) prepared in aqueous gum acacia (2 %, w/v) suspension and fed orally to streptozotocin induced male adult diabetic rats of Charles Foster strain for 15 days. Biochemical parameters in normal, diabetic control, standard (600 μg/kg bw p.o.) and treated (500 mg/kg bw p.o.) animal groups were quantified and compared. Treatment of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats with ethanolic seeds extract caused significant (p < 0.001) reduction in blood glucose (270–220 mg/dl), total cholesterol (140–104 mg/dl), triglyceride (149–99 mg/dl), phospholipids (100–74 mg/dl), free fatty acid (2.39–2.00 μmol/l), lipid peroxide (9–5.63 nmol MDA/dl) and significantly increased post heparin lipolytic activity (11–14 nmol FFA released/h/l plasma) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the seeds extract (100–400 μg) when tested for its antioxidant activity in vitro, showed significant (p < 0.001) inhibition in the generation of super oxide anions in enzymic system a (46–37, 33, 23, 21 nmol uric acid formed/min), in enzymic system b (113–91, 77, 60, 51 nmol formazon formed/min), non-enzymic system (324–230, 211, 161, 141 nmol uric acid formed/min) and hydroxyl radicals in enzymic system (544–501, 411, 319, 291 nmol 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate formed/h) and non-enzymic system (28–21, 17, 14, 12). The results of the present study demonstrated antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant activities of C. tora seeds which could help in prevention of diabeticdyslipidemia and related complications.  相似文献   

13.
The hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extract ofAbroma augusta (Family: Steculiceae) was studied in normal as well as alloxan diabetic rats. Treatement of diabetic rats with 4 ml (4gm dry weight) of agueous extract ofA. augusta for 16 weeks resulted in gradual but significant fall in fasting blood glucose and improvement in glucose tolerance. Serum total and LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol which increased in diabetic rats showed improvement. These results show that the water extract ofA. augusta has both hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effects.  相似文献   

14.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects of ethanolic seed extract ofTephrosia purpurea (TpEt) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hyperglycemia associated with an altered hexokinase and glucose 6 phosphatase activities, elevated lipid peroxidation, disturbed enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants status were observed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of “TpEt” at a dose of 300mg/kg bw showed significant antihyperglcemic and antilipidperoxidative effects as well as increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and levels of non enzymatic antioxidants. We also noticed that the antihyperglycemic effect of plant drug (TpEt) was comparable to that of the reference drug glibenclamide. Our results clearly indicate that “TpEt” has potent antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and therefore further studies are warranted to isolate and characterize the bioactive antidiabetic principles from “TpEt”.  相似文献   

15.
Normal and alloxan induced diabetic guinea pigs were kept on whole seed diet of green gram for 4 weeks. Serum total lipids were found to be significantly decreased in both normal and diabetic guinea pigs (P <0.001)—Both free and esterified fractions of cholesterol were found to be lowered significantly in diabetic animals (P<0.05; <0.01, respectively), whereas only esterified fraction was reduced significantly in case of normals (P<0.05). Significant lowering of triglyceride levels (P<0.01) was also noticed in both normal as well as diabetic guinea pigs while phospholipids remained almost unaffected. Green gram feeding decreased the total cholesterol / phospholipid ratio from 0.630 to 0.625 in normal and from 1.039 to 0.850 in diabetic guinea pigs indicating its antiatherogenic nature.  相似文献   

16.
This study deals with the effects of freeze dried rhizome powder of Curcuma longa (C. longa) dissolved in milk on normal as well as diabetic models. Diabetes of type II and type I was within 3 days of a single administration of doses of 45 and 65 mg kg−1 of streptozotocin respectively. Various parameters such as blood glucose levels, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, hemoglobin, urine protein and urine sugar in addition to body weight were taken in to consideration and were analyzed after administration of variable doses of rhizome powder. The dose of 200 mg kg−1 was identified as the most effective dose as it increased HDL, Hb and bw (P<0.05) with significant decrease in the levels of blood glucose, lipid profile and hepatoprotective enzymes (P<0.001).  相似文献   

17.
Phototherapy has been related to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In the present study, thirty full term jaundiced neonates with appropriate weight were analyzed before and after completion of phototherapy for malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols, vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in hemolysate and albumin levels in plasma. These parameters were analyzed in cord blood samples of 20 healthy neonates as control. It was observed that levels of MDA were elevated significantly (p<0.001) in patients as compared to controls and that the levels increased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.001). Levels of SOD were also found to be increased significantly as compared to controls and the levels rose after phototherapy (p<0.001). On the other hand, the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as GSH, total thiols and vitamin C were significantly low (p<0.001) as compared to controls and the levels decreased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.001). The plasma albumin levels also were found to be decreased significantly after phototherapy (p<0.01). Therefore, phototherapy increases oxidative stress and should be used with care.  相似文献   

18.
The aim of this study was to investigate the ethanolic leaf extract of Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Family: Aizoaceae) on aflatoxin induced hepatic damage in rats. Aflatoxin intoxication in rats significantly (p < 0.001) elevated the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin, which indicated acute hepatocellular damage and biliary obstruction. Ethanolic leaf extract of T. portulacastrum showed dose dependent decrease in the levels of SGPT, SGOT, ALP and total bilirubin. Minimum effective dose of extract was found to be 100 mg/kg body weight. Results obtained from histopathological studies also supported hepatoprotective activity against aflatoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus the study demonstrates that T. portulacastrum possess antihepatotoxic effect against aflatoxin.  相似文献   

19.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of T. arjuna stembark extract and to study the activities of hexokinase, aldolase and phosphoglucoisomerase, and gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase in liver and kidney of normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of ethanolic extract of bark (250 and 500mg/kg body weight) for 30 days, resulted in significant decrease of blood glucose from 302.67±22.35 to 82.50±04.72 and in a decrease in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-disphosphatase, aldolase and an increase in the activity of phosphoglucoisomerase and hexokinase in tissues. However, in the case of 250 mg/kg body weight of extract, less activity was observed. The study clearly shows that the bark extract ofT. arjuna possesses potent antidiabetic activity.  相似文献   

20.
A new method was developed to purify partially an orally active hypoglycemic fraction from the unripe fruits ofMomordica charantia Linn. The residue after centrifugation of the fruit juice was extracted with ethanol and the concentrated ethanolic extract was further extracted with diethyl ether. In normal rabbits after oral administration, the ether extract at a dose of 0.75 g/kg body wt decreased the fasting blood glucose by 26% (P<0.01). It was compared with charantin, the isolation procedure of which led to loss of hypoglycemic activity many times. Our new method of isolation is simple and the hypoglycemic effect is retained more consistently after purification.  相似文献   

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