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1.
Goli M. Rezai-Rashti Valentine M. Moghadam 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,34(1):419-441
In contemporary Iran, women with higher education face both gender discrimination and an unfavourable economic system, one
that is not conducive to employment-generation for women. This paper provides an analysis of women’s access to higher education
in Iran, which has varied over the last 30 years, and their continuously limited participation in the job market. Based on
qualitative field research, this paper includes the voices of individual women, discussing their experience of higher education
and factors they think are contributing to their limited choice of employment. The paper suggests that while the recent trend
in negotiating mehrieh (a nuptial gift which is payable by the groom to the bride) has been a strategy employed by Iranian women to overcome some
of the discriminatory laws they are subject to, this trend cannot actually be explained by the fact that women’s employment
opportunities are limited. The paper concludes by asserting that limited labour force participation for educated women is
a consequence of both political economy and gender ideology. 相似文献
2.
王宪伟 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2013,6(2):16-18
随着高职院校的扩招,高职生的就业压力逐年增大。影响高职生就业的因素较为复杂,本文将从宏观经济与国家政策、学校教育与就业指导、家庭环境三个外部因素;高职生自身综合素质、择业观念两个内部因素进行分析,对高职生就业的影响因素作尝试性研究。 相似文献
3.
Josipa Roksa 《Higher Education》2011,61(3):293-308
While much stratification research has focused on understanding the patterns and consequences of differentiation, previous
studies have not considered similarly important variation in students’ trajectories through higher education, and particularly
their participation in the labor market. Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth of 1997 (NLSY97) indicate
that degree completion in a differentiated system of higher education is related to students’ employment patterns. Students
who begin their educational journeys in community colleges as well as students from less advantaged family backgrounds are
more likely to dedicate longer hours to paid employment, which has negative consequences for degree attainment. Employment
patterns contribute to gaps in degree completion among students from different family backgrounds and to a lesser extent to
inequality in degree completion between students beginning postsecondary education in community colleges vs. 4-year institutions.
A more complex set of patterns is revealed when examining the relationship between employment, family background, and degree
attainment across different institutional types and educational credentials. These findings highlight the importance of developing
a more comprehensive understanding of inequality in educational attainment by considering the relationship between differentiation
and work. 相似文献
4.
Bryony Hoskins Pauline Leonard Rachel J. Wilde 《British Educational Research Journal》2018,44(1):61-79
Higher education is commonly understood as the gateway to better, higher‐paying jobs. This paper draws on longitudinal survey and interview data to explore how different groups of young people, those who left school at 18 and those graduating from higher education, negotiated pathways into employment or otherwise during the recent economic recessionary climate in England. While a mix of employment and unemployment featured in both groups, with temporary and unstable contracts more common than skilled and secure jobs, our evidence reveals that those with degrees were less likely to be in work at the ages of 22 to 23 than those who left school to enter employment at 18. In some contradistinction to popular discourses on the employability benefits of higher education therefore, entering paid work at 18 was a more effective strategy for being in employment five years later than proceeding into higher education. 相似文献
5.
Päivi Vuorinen-Lampila 《Journal of Education & Work》2016,29(3):284-308
This article examines the employment and placement in the working life of Finnish higher education graduates (i.e. graduates from universities and polytechnics), focusing on gender equality. It reports a study on gender segregation in higher education and working life, considered in relation to Nordic gender equality policies. The data were gathered via a questionnaire administered to graduates in business and administration (n?=?1067) and in technology (n?=?1087), three years after their graduation. The results showed that men were able to secure permanent and full-time employment more often than women, and men achieved better correspondence between their degree and their employment. However, gender divergence manifested differently in polytechnics and universities; thus a higher (Master’s) university degree seemed to have a compensating influence on the effect of gender. Despite Nordic equality policies, female and male graduates were placed in the labour market according to tendences of gender segregation. 相似文献
6.
7.
家庭背景对我国高等教育机会及毕业生就业的影响 总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54
文东茅 《北京大学教育评论》2005,3(3):58-63
本文以全国性高校毕业生调查为基础,以父亲的职业地位和受教育程度作为衡量家庭背景的指标,分析了家庭背景对子女高考成绩、就读院校、毕业去向、就业收入等的影响,发现我国不同家庭背景子女接受高等教育的机会及受教育结果均有明显差异。文章还进一步分析了这种影响发生的机制。 相似文献
8.
Roselyn M. Dixon Catherine A. Reddacliff 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2001,48(2):193-206
This paper reports the results of a qualitative research study of vocationally competent young adults with mild intellectual disabilities. The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions which families made to the success of these young adults in competitive employment. The participants were clients of a competitive employment and training program who were purposively sampled using the criterion of having maintained competitive employment for 6 months and ranged in age from 19 to 30 years. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the participants and some of their family members. Content analysis was used to generate categories and themes. The significant finding was how families contribute to the individuals' efforts to maintain competitive employment. Analysis of the themes indicated that certain family characteristics led to more successful employment outcomes. These characteristics were moral support, practical assistance, role models of appropriate work ethic, protection from difficulties and exploitation, and family cohesion. An interesting finding was that the families responded to these young people as if they were in an earlier developmental stage except in the area of employment. Implications for families and vocational education practitioners are suggested. 相似文献
9.
This paper extends the current literature on access to post-secondary education by investigating the role played by various family background characteristics related to the home environment and family habits and behaviours. Exploiting the extraordinary richness of the Youth in Transition Survey in this regard, we include whether the family ate dinner together, whether they discussed current affairs, and how often their children went to concerts – and if so, what kind of concerts. Many of these factors are found to have a significant relationship with attending post-secondary education, university in particular. Furthermore, these factors are in addition to – and at least to some degree independent of – more conventional influences such as parental education and family income. With appeal to the paradigm of ‘cultural capital’ – which refers to the knowledge, experiences, and connections which help individuals succeed in life – these results indicate how advantages in accessing higher levels of education accrue to those from families that are rich in this kind of asset, while others are left behind. 相似文献
10.
高职毕业生作为近年来迅速增长的大学生就业群体,越来越受到社会的广泛关注。本丈针对高职毕业生的特点,就政府、家庭两方面的支持因素对高职毕业生的就业影响进行了分析,提出要使高职学生顺利就业就需要政府充分发挥其公共服务职能,对高职院校“钉单式”人才培养和“双证书”制度提供相关支持;高职毕业生家庭成员也要对高职教育有正确的认识,给学生提供精神、工具性等相关支持,并和学校、政府通力合作,共同解决高职毕业生的就业问题。 相似文献
11.
The number of students entering higher education started to increase significantly in the mid-1960s. This sharp growth has gone together with diversification in the social background of those attending, creation of new tracks (mainly in technology) and, more recently, a number of pedagogical innovations. Consequently, higher education students in the 1990s have little in common with those described by Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron in Les héritiers, published in 1964: they are not just young bourgeois whose university career confirms ex-post the social position of his or her family. The relative democratization of access to higher education has allowed young people from other social classes to continue their studies after the baccalauréat. However, this democratization has also created new problems for higher education institutions. They must make financial, organizational and pedagogical adaptation to mass schooling. Higher education students also confront new problems in adapting to such demands of university work as autonomy and initiative. Students' living conditions have also changed: while remaining economically dependent on their parents, they enjoy, especially in the provinces, considerable freedom in the running of their personal lives. 相似文献
12.
Abstract: The employment quality of college graduates is a recent topic of heated discussion in China. Given the differences in the talent development goals of academic and vocational institutions and in individual job search approaches, this research compares the differences between the job search approaches and actual employment outcomes of graduates of undergraduate and vocational institutions, and analyzes the correspondence of vocational graduates’ job search approaches with their job search outcomes to identify the effect of higher vocational education on employment. Using the proposed methods, this study finds a significant gap in job search approaches between the two types of graduates and that higher vocational education significantly affects employment approaches and outcomes. The job search approaches of vocational graduates also influence their employment outcomes. The study concludes that the employment quality of vocational graduates is not necessarily worse than that of four-year undergraduates. 相似文献
13.
当代大学生的就业问题已成为全社会共同关注的焦点,从择业观的角度来看,大学生择业存在着过分注重功利性、个人主义倾向严重、地域选择倾向单一和诚信意识缺乏等问题。究其原因,主要是由于自身的主观原因、缺乏对职业生涯规划的认知和高校人才培养结构不合理以及大学扩招造成的就业压力、传统观念的影响等因素所导致。为此,应实现个人就业观念、家庭教育观念和高校教育理念的转变。 相似文献
14.
随着我国高等教育的普及,高职院校女生就业难的问题日益突出。本文通过对高职院校软件专业女生就业情况进行问卷调查,从社会、家庭和女生自身等角度,以性别差异为切入点,对女生就业难的原因进行分析,并提出依托政府、社会、学校和个人的解决策略。 相似文献
15.
城乡家庭相对成本视角下的教育公平问题 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
目前,我国高等教育收费制度实际上是不考虑学生家庭背景的无差异收费制度。这种制度因城乡家庭收入水平不同,却形成高等教育相对成本的差异。本文通过对陕西高校1992年—2004年收费标准与城乡家庭收入的比较研究发现,农村家庭高等教育相对成本远远高于城市家庭。这样的教育收费制度,使城乡孩子在入学机会、专业选择进而在未来就业、收入等方面存在明显的不公平,并对高等教育的公平原则产生了较大冲击。因此,高等教育应在进一步完善助学制度的基础上,进行制度创新,实行高等教育差别定价策略,积极探索高等教育投资多元化途径,促进社会公平。 相似文献
16.
创新高校思想政治教育 促进大学生顺利就业 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杨东 《四川教育学院学报》2009,25(12):14-16,24
分析了创新高校思想政治教育对提升大学生就业素质,促进大学生顺利就业的重要作用,从理论和实践的层面阐述了创新高校思想政治教育要与职业指导有机结合、与学生就业实际有机结合、个别指导与集体指导有机结合,学校、家庭、社会指导有机结合,与多样化的教育手段有机结合等。 相似文献
17.
《Early education and development》2013,24(5):549-572
Young children rely on their parents for making decisions about their child care experiences. Parents' child care arrangements are affected by the information they gather, their values and childrearing beliefs, their knowledge of child care quality, and the extent to which they are satisfied with their child care choices. Parents' decisions about child care are also influenced by ecological correlates, such as child age, maternal education and hours of employment, family ethnicity and income, and state and federal child care policies. This review addresses each of these elements and their role in parents' child care arrangements and concludes with recommendations for honoring parents' child care ideals through better child care quality information and higher professional standards for child care providers. 相似文献
18.
In accordance with the education policy which puts human capital at its heart, higher education is expected to produce marketable competent professionals in response to the needs of an expansive knowledge-based economy. In one reading, to support competitive knowledge-based economy, higher education students should graduate as young and fast as possible. The article asks whether it is credible that the young & fast principle as an objective for university education would provide a feasible way of enhancing professional labour force to serve knowledge economies. The analysis of study careers of 17,000 European second cycle university graduates shows that transitions from school to higher education to professional employment vary considerably in the 12 countries. The key finding is that countries with rather slow progression in the initial part of the transition tend to do better in the end, and vice versa. Belgium (Flanders) is the most obvious example of young and fast-graduating students that need a relatively long period after graduation to start their professional careers. In Finland, Austria, and Norway, relatively old and experienced graduates are employed rapidly. The time before professional employment after graduation is short for students who have acquired relevant work experience and acquainted themselves with professional fields. The youngest professionals are found in France where they tend to have access to opportunities for professionally relevant training. However, professional employment cannot be fostered by simply trying to recruit student populations as young as possible, but rather by enriching the labour market relevance of their student careers. 相似文献
19.
职业指导体系的构建新法探索 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在职业技术教育明确提出职业教育就是就业教育的时候，普通高等教育也对以就业为导向有所思考。面对连年的高校扩招，高校毕业生就业成了社会共同关注的焦点。该文通过对家庭、学校、学生本人分工的研究，提出构建学生职业生涯体系的设想。 相似文献
20.
唐敏 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2011,(2):126-129
随着高等教育的大发展,近年来高校毕业生的就业压力日趋严峻,其外因是整体就业形势严峻,内因是毕业生自身对就业期望过高。调查表明,昆明市高校学前教育专业毕业生的就业期望普遍较高,与实际就业情况相去较远,其原因主要是受家庭经济条件、传统观念和高校课程设置的影响以及缺乏对学前教育发展现状的客观认识。 相似文献