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1.
曾昱 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2012,(5):50-54
为了探讨父母教养方式与大学生人格特征的关系,采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)修订中文版、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)对260名大学生进行测试。结果显示:(1)大学生人格的精神质与父母惩罚严厉、母亲拒绝否认呈正相关;(2)内外向与母亲情感温暖理解呈显著正相关,与父亲拒绝否认呈负相关;(3)神经质与父母情感温暖理解呈显著负相关,与父母拒绝否认、父亲过度保护和母亲过分干涉保护呈显著正相关;(4)掩饰性与父母情感温暖理解呈正相关;(5)多元逐步回归分析结果显示,父亲拒绝否认正向预测精神质,母亲情感温暖理解正向预测内外向,父亲过度保护对内外向具有负向预测作用,父母情感温暖理解负向预测神经质,父亲过度保护正向预测神经质。 相似文献
2.
采用心理幸福感问卷、父母教养方式和家庭环境量表对950名城镇初中生进行问卷调查,发现(1)父母教养方式与城镇初中生的幸福感存在显著相关;(2)家庭环境与城镇初中生的幸福感呈显著相关;(3)母亲情感温暖理解、母亲惩罚严厉、父亲拒绝否认、家庭组织性、家庭知识性、父亲过分保护和父亲情感温暖理解能联合预测城镇初中生幸福感31.6%的变异量.从而得出,父母教养方式和家庭环境与城镇初中生的幸福感存在显著的相关,两者能够有效地预测城镇初中生的幸福感. 相似文献
3.
目的:探讨农村贫困女童的人格与父母教养方式的关系以及父母教养方式对人格的影响。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷量表、父母养育方式问卷对农村685名女童进行问卷调查,其中,重点调查了150名贫困女童。结果:贫困女童与富裕女童比较在人格内外向(E)、神经质(N)两项呈现显著性差异;贫困女童与富裕女童在教养方式上比较也呈显著性差异,即贫困女童较少得到父母亲的情感温暖、理解而较多得到父母亲的惩罚、严厉、拒绝、否认;在艾森克各维度与父母教养方式各因子间相关比较中,贫困女童在精神质(P)维度与父母亲的惩罚、严厉、过分干涉,偏爱、拒绝、否认,过度保护都呈显著正相关。神经质(N)维度除了与母亲的情感温暖、理解一项外,与父亲、母亲其他各因子都呈显著相关。结论:父母亲教养态度和方式对贫困女童的人格的形成和发展有很大的影响,各级教育机构以及社会、家庭都要特别关注农村贫困女童的教育。 相似文献
4.
《兰州教育学院学报》2019,(4)
为了探究高校医学生情绪弹性与其父亲教养方式之间的关系,本文运用父母教养方式评价量表、青少年情绪弹性问卷对262名在校医学生进行测试。研究结果显示:(1)医学生在积极情绪维度、情绪恢复能力维度、情绪弹性、过度保护维度上存在显著的性别差异。(2)父亲的不同文化程度在过分干涉、偏爱被试等维度上存在显著差异。(3)积极情绪能力与情感温暖理解呈显著正相关;情绪恢复能力与情感温暖理解呈显著正相关,与惩罚严厉呈显著负相关;情绪弹性与情感温暖理解呈显著正相关,与惩罚严厉呈显著负相关。由此可见,医学生的父亲在教育上主要采用情感温暖等正性教养方式;父亲教养方式影响医学生的情绪弹性。 相似文献
5.
大学生人格与父母教养方式的相关研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文采用父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对199名大学生进行调查,以考察大学生人格特征与其父母教养方式之间的相互关系.结果发现:父母不良的教养方式,如过分干涉、拒绝否认、过度保护、惩罚与被试的精神质(P)呈显著正相关(p<0.05),与神经质(N)呈非常显著正相关(p<0.01);父母良性的教养方式,如关心理解与被试的外向—内向(E)呈现显著正相关(p<0.05).这一结果说明父母教养方式对其子女人格特质形成具有重要的影响. 相似文献
6.
《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2017,(11)
采用情绪稳定性问卷和父母教养方式问卷对商洛学院300名大学生进行调查,探究父母教养方式与大学生情绪稳定性的关系.结果发现,大学生情绪稳定性一般,在性别、父母是否健在、父母是否离异上存在显著差异,而在年级和父亲文化程度上无显著差异;父亲过度保护及母亲拒绝否认与情绪稳定性呈显著正相关,父亲情感温暖理解与情绪稳定性呈显著负相关;父亲过度保护及父亲情感温暖理解对情绪稳定性有预测作用. 相似文献
7.
为探讨父母教养方式与大学生网络成瘾行为的关系,使用父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）和网络成瘾问卷（IAD）,对宁夏467名在校大学生进行调查,结果显示：父母教养方式中温暖理解与大学生网络成瘾呈现显著负相关;惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认和偏爱被试与大学生网络成瘾呈显著正相关;家庭教养方式中的父亲过分干涉、父亲偏爱被试、父亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉和母亲温暖理解五个变量可以对大学生网络成瘾有预测作用。由此得出结论——家庭因素中的父母教养方式与大学生网络成瘾之间有重要的关联。 相似文献
8.
《黑龙江教育学院学报》2016,(1):76-79
目的:探讨大学生成人依恋与父母教养方式之间的关系。方法:采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、亲密关系体验调查问卷(ECR)对280名大学生进行调查研究。结果:(1)非独生子女大学生在父亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ;过分干涉Ⅲ)和母亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ、过分干涉、过度保护Ⅳ上的得分显著低于独生子女大学生;在依恋回避因子上的得分显著高于独生子女大学生。(2)来自农村的大学生在父亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ;过分干涉Ⅲ;过度保护Ⅵ)和母亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ、过分干涉、过度保护Ⅳ上的得分显著低于来自城市的大学生;在依恋回避因子上的得分显著高于来自城市的大学生。(3)影响依恋回避的因子有母亲因子(惩罚、严厉Ⅱ;拒绝、否认Ⅲ),影响依恋焦虑的因子有母亲因子(拒绝、否认Ⅲ;偏爱被试Ⅴ)和父亲因子(偏爱被试Ⅳ;过度保护Ⅵ)。结论:大学生父母教养方式上存在差异,这种差异对成人依恋有显著影响。 相似文献
9.
为了解民营企业家对子女的教养方式,采用<父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)>,对558名中学生(其中352名被试的父亲和239名被试的母亲为民营企业家)进行问卷调查.结果表明:(1)民营企业家父亲和母亲最常使用的教养方式都是"情感温暖、理解"和"过分干涉";但也存在一定差异,即民营企业家父亲使用"情感温暖、理解"教养方式的频度不如民营企业家母亲,而使用"惩罚、严厉"教养方式的频度则显著高于民营企业家母亲.(2)不同职业的父母教养方式存在显著差异:民营企业家父亲和母亲比其他职业父亲和母亲更多使用"情感温暖、理解"的教养方式;比知识分子职业的父亲和母亲更少使用"拒绝、否认"的教养方式.(3)随着子女从初中进入高中,民营企业家父亲使用"情感温暖、理解"和"惩罚、严厉"教养方式都在减弱;(4)初中及以下文化程度的民营企业家父亲比大学及以上文化的民营企业家父亲更多使用"惩罚、严厉"的教养方式,小学及以下文化程度的民营企业家父亲比大学文化的民营企业家父亲更多使用"过度保护"的教养方式. 相似文献
10.
《潍坊教育学院学报》2017,(1):13-20
采用中小学生心理资本量表、父母教养方式量表(EMBU)对395名在校高中生进行施测。以探索高中生心理资本与父母教养方式的特点,以及心理资本在教养方式对学业成绩影响过程中所起的中介作用。结果发现:(1)高中生的心理资本总体处于中等偏上水平。学生干部在总体心理资本及乐观上的得分显著高于非学生干部;女生在感恩、谦虚上的得分显著高于男生。(2)父亲过分偏爱教养方式存在显著的性别差异,父亲对女生的偏爱程度显著高于男生;非独生子女在父亲惩罚严厉、父亲过分偏爱、母亲过分偏爱上的得分显著高于独生子女,非独生子女在母亲过分干涉和过分保护上的得分显著低于独生子女。(3)父母教养方式、心理资本、学业成绩两两存在显著相关。(4)父亲情感温暖理解教养方式对学业成绩存在显著的正向预测作用,母亲过分干涉过分保护、母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉等教养方式对学业成绩存在显著的负向预测作用;心理资本在母亲惩罚严厉和学业成绩之间起着显著的完全中介作用。 相似文献
11.
Parental coping with children's negative emotions: relations with children's emotional and social responding 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study examined the relation between parents' reactions to children's negative emotions and social competence. Additionally, the role of parental emotional distress in children's emotional socialization was examined. The emotional reactions of 57 preschoolers (33 girls, 24 boys; M age = 59.2 months) were observed during their free-play interactions. Parents (mostly mothers) completed questionnaires about their reactions to children's negative emotions. An index of children's social competence was obtained from teachers. Results indicated that the relation between harsh parental coping strategies and children's emotional responding was moderated by parental distress. In addition, the relation of the interaction of parental coping and distress to children's social competence was mediated by children's level of emotional intensity. It was concluded that distressed parents who use harsh coping strategies in response to children's negative emotions have children who express emotion in relatively intense ways. In turn, these children find it relatively difficult to behave in a socially competent manner. 相似文献
12.
Zhou Q Eisenberg N Losoya SH Fabes RA Reiser M Guthrie IK Murphy BC Cumberland AJ Shepard SA 《Child development》2002,73(3):893-915
This study examined the concurrent and cross-time relations of parental observed warmth and positive expressivity to children's situational facial and self-reported empathic responding, social competence, and externalizing problems in a sample of 180 elementary school children. Data was collected when the children were in second to fifth grades (age: M = 112.8 months), and again 2 years later. Cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models supported the hypothesis that parents' (mostly mothers') positive expressivity mediated the relation between parental warmth and children's empathy, and children's empathy mediated the relation between parental positive expressivity and children's social functioning. These relations persisted after controlling for prior levels of parenting and child characteristics. Moreover, concurrent and cross-time consistencies were found on measures of parenting, children's situational empathic responding, and social functioning. 相似文献
13.
This study examined whether improvement in parents' depression was linked with changes in their children's depressive symptoms and functioning. Participants were 223 parents and children ranging in age from 7 to 17 years old (M = 12.13, SD =2.31); 126 parents were in treatment for depression and 97 parents were nondepressed. Children were evaluated 6 times over 2 years. Changes in parents' depressive symptoms predicted changes in children's depressive symptoms over and above the effect of time; children's symptoms significantly predicted parents' symptoms. Trajectories of children's depressive symptoms differed significantly for children of remitted versus nonremitted depressed parents, and these differences were significantly predicted by their parents' level of depression. The relation between parents' and children's depressive symptoms was partially mediated by parental acceptance. 相似文献
14.
Eisenberg N Zhou Q Losoya SH Fabes RA Shepard SA Murphy BC Reiser M Guthrie IK Cumberland A 《Child development》2003,74(3):875-895
The relations of observed parental warmth and positive expressivity and children's effortful control and ego control with children's high versus low emotional expressivity were examined in a 2-wave study of 180 children (M age = 112.8 months). There were quadratic relations between adults' reports of children's emotional expressivity and effortful control; moderate expressivity was associated with high effortful control. Structural equation models supported the hypothesis that children's ego overcontrol (versus undercontrol) mediated the relation between parental warmth or positive expressivity and children's emotional expressivity, although parenting at the follow-up did not uniquely predict in children's expressivity after controlling for the relations in these constructs over time. The alternative hypothesis that children's ego overcontrol elicited positive parenting and expressivity also was supported. 相似文献
15.
留守儿童道德成长问题的心理社会分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
家庭教育的缺席是导致留守儿童道德成长问题的主要原因,作为影响这一过程的心理社会因素,亲子关系的失谐、父母榜样作用的缺失和父母监控机制的弱化影响了留守儿童道德观念的获得,道德情感的发展以及道德行为的养成。解决留守儿童道德发展问题的现实途径在于充分利用农村现有的教育资源,扩展农村学校的道德教育与心理辅导功能。 相似文献
16.
This study evaluated a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program which consisted of separate 2-hour workshops for children, parents, and teachers. Questionnaires concerning the children's knowledge about sexual abuse prevention and level of emotional distress were developed and administered to 88 children, ages 5-12, and 60 parents before and after the program. In addition, 12 teachers completed questionnaires about the children's level of emotional distress within 2 weeks after the program. Comparison of the children's knowledge before and after the program showed significant increases in knowledge about strategies for coping with potential abuse situations. Also individual children's responses were compared with their parents' responses. After the program the parents had a more accurate appraisal of their children's knowledge, and in addition, there was a significant increase in how much parents reported that they had talked with their children about sexual abuse. In terms of possible adverse emotional effects of the program, neither teachers nor parents noticed signs of increased emotional distress. In addition, the children reported that the program made them feel safer and better able to protect themselves. The findings support the value of providing sexual abuse prevention programs to children. 相似文献
17.
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between parental self-confidence, warmth, and involvement, and corporal punishment in families of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: The diagnosis of ADHD was established through clinical interviews with the parents, children, and teachers, according the criteria in DSM-IV-TR. This diagnosis was also established by having the parents complete the Conners' Parent Rating Scale, and the teachers complete the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale. Two groups of Iranian parents, one group with children who have ADHD (N=130) and a control group (N=120), completed questionnaires measuring parental self-confidence and parenting styles. RESULTS: Parents of children with ADHD were found to have lower self-confidence and less warmth and involvement with their children, and used corporal punishment significantly more than the parents of control children. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides strong evidence that children with ADHD are at considerable risk of abuse by their parents. Rather than focusing only on the child's ADHD, treatment may also need to address the parents' functioning. 相似文献
18.
Parents' Use of Inductive Discipline: Relations to Children's Empathy and Prosocial Behavior 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Relations between parents' discipline, children's empathic responses, and children's prosocial behavior were examined in order to evaluate Martin Hoffman's claim that children's empathy and empathy-based guilt mediate the socialization of children's prosocial behavior. 78 sixth and seventh graders (138–172 months in age), their mothers, and teachers completed multiple measures of Hoffman's constructs. Results were largely consistent with theory. Parents' use of inductive as opposed to power-assertive discipline was related to children's prosocial behavior. Children of inductive parents were more empathic; and more empathic children were more prosocial. Moreover, children's empathy was found to mediate the relation between parents' discipline and children's prosocial behavior. Few relations were obtained for children's guilt indices, but post hoc analyses yielded theoretically consistent results. Contrary to expectations, parents' use of statements of disappointment was the component of the inductive discipline score which was most strongly related to children's prosocial behavior. 相似文献
19.
Azar Hadadian 《Early education and development》1995,6(2):181-191
This study investigated deaf children's "security of attachment" relationships with their hearing parents and the relationship of parental attitudes toward deafness. Subjects included 30 deaf children and their hearing parents. The children ranged in age from 20 to 60 months. Instruments used included the Attachment Q-Set, the Attitudes to Deafness Scale, and parental interviews. As a group there were no differences between security of attachment scores of deaf children toward either of their parents; however, there were marked differences within individual dyads of mother-child/father-child relationships. In addition, negative correlations were found between parents' attitudes towards deafness scores and their deaf children's security of attachment scores. Implications for the field include the importance of inclusion of fathers in attachment studies and fathers' active participation in early intervention programs. The relationship between parental attitudes toward their children's disability (deafness) and attachment relationship provides further evidence for the critical role of early intervention in the development of children with special needs. 相似文献
20.
公众对北京市中小学教师的满意度调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以北京市2234名中小学生家长为样本,研究考察了公众对中小学教师满意度的总体状况及不同背景的公众对教师的满意度。结果表明:(1)从整体上看,公众对北京市中小学教师的满意度比较高,对教师的满意度由高到低依次为师生关系、教育教学与学生课外学习;(2)教育质量越好的学校,公众对教师的满意度越高,但在不同学段表现出差异;(3)公众的受教育程度越高,其对教师教育教学的满意度越低,但因学生的学习成绩不同而表现出差异。对于学习成绩中游及以上的学生家长,接受过高等教育的家长对教育教学的满意度明显低于中等教育程度及以下的家长,成绩差的学生家长对教师的满意度在受教育程度上的差异不明显。 相似文献