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John E. Stecklein Sr. Reynold Willie 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(3):217-237
A six‐page questionnaire sent in 1980 to a 25% random sample of teachers in Minnesota's 18 public community colleges provides information that is compared with similar information collected in 1956 and 1968. The nature and extent of professional activities, sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with careers, attitudes toward collective bargaining, and some demographic variables of Minnesota community college teachers are described and compared. Minnesota community college faculty members in 1980 were generally contented, as they were in 1956 and 1968. In all periods they spent most of their time on teaching‐related activities. Although the proportion involved in consulting with schools, business, and industry has doubled in the past 12 years, faculty involvement in off‐campus services is still limited. Research and scholarly writing is not a function of most of the faculty. About three‐fourths of the respondents supported collective bargaining in 1980. The most serious source of dissatisfaction, reported by 40% of the respondents in 1980 was inadequate salary. The chief source of satisfaction reported in all three periods was the opportunity to help college‐age students learn and develop. Implications of the results for a re‐examination of community college functions are discussed. The pecking order in this state does not reflect the major contribution of this system to higher education. Working conditions, particularly in terms of load and support services are primitive. Financial rewards, the status and extra income of consulting fees are severely limited. I can no longer afford five percent salary increases and twenty percent inflation. I am currently looking for a position in private industry, which seems to have the resources education does not. (Sociology instructor) I cannot remember a profession/job that could be more personally rewarding, spiritually constructive or totally satisfying as college teaching. (English/history instructor) 相似文献
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The Holmes Group report, titled Tomorrow's Teachers (1986), and the report of the Carnegie Forum on Education and the Economy, titled A Nation Prepared: Teachers for the 21st Century (1986), contain major reform proposals that have implications for educational psychologists. To understand the nature of these proposals, we performed a content analysis of the Holmes and Carnegie documents and constructed a 149-item survey instrument. Three separate mailings were conducted to solicit volunteer respondents from the initial Holmes Group, Division 15 of APA, and the Teacher Education Council of State Colleges and Universities (TECSCU). A principal components analysis with varimax rotation was performed on data collected from 1039 respondents, and three factors were found to underlie the survey instrument: Incremental Changes, Sweeping Changes, and Financial Changes. A multivariate analysis of variance on the three factor scores revealed that the Holmes Group more strongly supported Incremental and Sweeping Changes than did TECSCU respondents, and that Division 15 members more strongly endorsed Sweeping Changes than did TECSCU. Recommendations are made for involving educational psychologists in the reform process. 相似文献
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Research with street-involved children and youth (SICY) in Sub-Saharan Africa over the past three decades has established a complex web of both micro and macro-level factors that simultaneously "push" and "pull" children and youth to the street. There is still little research with adult family and community members in communities from which SICY originate. Forty men and women from five semi-rural villages in Meru County, Kenya participated in a Rapid Rural Appraisal utilizing a fishbone diagram to explore main and underlying reasons for why children may be or may feel unwelcome in the home and thus migrate to the street. Responses were analyzed in terms of ecological levels, child or parent perspective, and the push/pull framework. Overall, community members identified families and households experiencing stress and lacking the necessary resources to successfully adjust and adapt. Four ecological levels of influence were proposed as main reasons, with parent and caregiver factors mentioned most often, followed by household factors, children’s intrapersonal factors, and interpersonal (family) factors. Community and environmental level factors were also proposed as underlying factors. Analysis by gender revealed that both men and women emphasized push factors over pull factors, though men proposed more pull factors (from peers and street life) than women did. Men placed more responsibility on the children than women did, citing children's negative behaviors, dissatisfaction with home, and a desire for independence and work/income. Women, in contrast, emphasized children's feelings of being unloved and the experience of harsh punishment or abuse from caregivers. Findings suggest that interventions to reduce street involvement should support economically, medically, and psychologically vulnerable families and households through comprehensive family strengthening programs that build financial capacity, improve parenting and communication skills, and promote education over child work and labor. 相似文献
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Weingarten HR 《Death education》1981,4(4):369-383
Viewing themselves in two hypothetical roles-as terminal patients and as family members related to a terminal patient-48 adults were surveyed on their expectations and preferences about how information should be communicated when a terminal illness is first diagnosed. Identifying with the patient role, respondents believed patients should be told the truth immediately and unconditionally. In contrast, respondents indentifying with family members perceived conditions under which the rights of patients should be abridged. In this latter role, male respondents were significantly less likely than males to imagine themselves as able to inform a loved one about a terminal illness. Nevertheless, for both sexes, early childhood experiences communicating about death and dying were found to be a better predictor of the case with which respondents can imagine communicating with a terminally ill loved one than are current adult attitudes and experiences. Regardless of personal ease in discussing death, however, most respondents thought the physician, not family members or other health care professionals, should decide when and how the terminally ill adult should be informed--a noteworthy finding in light of the fact that 83 percent of all respondents consider physicians poorly equipped for this role. 相似文献
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依据18省35县8086份调查问卷分析发现:"离"与"留"强意愿教师在人口特征分布、工作提供和空间特质满意度、个人志趣认可度方面均有显著差异。工资、工作条件以及公共服务最令教师不满;两个群体之间差距最为突出的是生活便利、家庭关涉、领导公正、公共服务和设备正常度的满意度。回归显示,实际工资、工作条件、领导公正、晋职时长以及空间特征与教师持留任强意愿正向显著;领导公正、家庭关涉和公共服务的改善最有利于增强教师的留任强意愿。为改善乡村教师职业吸引力,需要探寻校社共同体建设以改善乡村教师的工作和生活条件,提高校长的领导能力并积极营造人文的学校管理环境,提升乡村教师的工资水平并合理分配绩效工资以缩小群体内差距。 相似文献
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Academic employment decisions and gender 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study explored gender differences in the reasons why academics accept or reject offers of faculty positions. Using both open-ended questions and rating scales, 115 academics in the early stages of their careers who had accepted or declined/resigned university positions between 1986 and 1989 were interviewed. Contrary to suggestions in the literature, few significant gender differences emerged. In particular, family needs were a major consideration for both men and women. Responses revealed that both female and male academics who accepted positions generally were influenced most strongly by the academic reputation of the department and university, the compatibility of the appointment with the needs of family members, including dual-career relationships, and the attractiveness of the job offer, especially the length and type of contract. Male rejecters showed a similar pattern while female rejecters focused primarily on family needs and the job offer. Opportunities for personal development, support for research, the job market, teaching assignments, and geographical location were generally less influential for all respondents. Salary and discrimination were cited least frequently as factors underlying employment decisions. The results imply that academic recruiting for both female and male faculty members can be best enhanced by emphasizing the quality of academic life in the department and university, accommodating the needs of family members, and offering greater job security in the form of longer, tenure-track appointments. 相似文献
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《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(5-6):99-111
Higher education is one of the most crucial indicators for national overall competitiveness. But the issue of education equity has remained a concern throughout the world. Many studies in Taiwan show that family income, parents' education level, and place of origin impact children's higher education enrollment opportunities. This paper analyzes the question of education equity during Taiwan's higher education massification process, based on equity from the start, during the process, and in the outcome. The research findings indicate that the education equity issue remains the same in Taiwan as higher education expands. The author further concludes three possible solutions for equity assurance: to enforce positive differential treatment among different social groups to reduce the impact of background inequality, to encourage beneficiaries of higher education, including individuals and businesses, to share educational expenses, and to increase linkage between university and job market. 相似文献
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中美家庭高等教育消费不平衡比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对中美两国不同阶层家庭收入情况、家庭高等教育消费状况、高等教育成本在不同阶层家庭的分担和两国高等教育资助体系进行了比较与分析.根据对国内8所高校的实地调查发现,中国家庭高等教育负担自2000年以来有下降的趋势,表现为高等教育学费和食宿费占家庭教育支出的比重下降.我国高等教育公平要解决的紧迫问题是尽快制定弹性学费政策,完善资助体系,保证贫困家庭的子女能够顺利完成学业. 相似文献
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运用总体幸福感量表(GWBS)对西南边疆云南省的227名高校教师进行调查,从民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、性别、职务和收入几个方面进行分析和比较,研究结果表明:性别、婚姻状况和文化程度对高校教师总体幸福感没有影响;少数民族的总体幸福感水平高于汉族;职务和收入对高校教师总体幸福感的影响极为显著。在此基础上对提高高校教师的工作效率、生活质量以及促进其身心健康发展提出若干可行性建议。 相似文献
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A survey was conducted among a sample of school guidance counselors in Metro Manila, the Philippines, to determine their level
of awareness, attitudes, and extent of practice of ICT in the conduct of their work. The respondents showed a higher level
of awareness of communication technologies than of information technologies. They spent an average of 1.2 h per day using
a computer in the workplace. Most used ICT for writing letters and reports, calling parents, and keeping records. Appraisal
and counseling were conducted frequently but these were done mainly using paper-based and face-to-face methods respectively.
Their primary sources of guidance-related information were print-based, but a few also cited the Internet. The respondents
had a positive attitude to the use of ICT in guidance. They reported confidence and productivity in using ICT in their work,
while also reporting a need for further training. They also believed that ICT proficiency should be a required skill for professional
counselors. However, costs, confidentiality, and security were important issues that the respondents identified as needing
to be addressed. 相似文献
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研究型大学的水平已经成为创建世界一流大学的重要标准.为了借鉴世界高水平研究型大学的办学经验,推进我国研究型大学向世界一流大学迈进,选择中国有研究生院的52所大学和美国大学联盟成员作为研究对象,利用计量学方法对衡量大学实力的指标进行比较分析,得出中国研究型大学在学校规模上与美国研究型大学相近,但在科研生产力、科研影响力、科研创新力以及师资水平上与之相差甚远等结论. 相似文献
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Education for Older Adults with Early-Stage Dementia: Health Promotion for the Mind,Body, and Spirit
Later life learning (LLL) has a profound beneficial effect on older adults; therefore, it is important to assess older adults' learning needs. A representative random sample of 1,867 soon-to-be older adults (between 45 and 59 years of age) were assessed for their interest in formal learning after their retirement or when they become 60 years old. We examined their preferences for courses and identified the socioeconomic and health-related characteristics related to their planned participation in formal LLL. About 38% of these respondents expressed an interest in formal learning after retirement; the most popular three content courses included computers, interest classes, and physical exercise. Those who did not plan to commit themselves to formal LLL indicated "no interest" and "lack of time" as the most frequently reported reasons for not wanting to participate in LLL. Moreover, we found that LLL was positively related to socioeconomic indicators including education, income, and retirement protection; whereas those who received financial support from adult children or from the government (in the form of welfare) were less likely to express interest in formal LLL. 相似文献
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Herbert A. Lubs Mark Rabin Esther Feldman Bonnie J. Jallad Alexander Kushch Karen Gross-Glenn Ranjan Duara R. C. Elston 《Annals of dyslexia》1993,43(1):44-60
In addition to providing information on the inheritance of dyslexia, the present study of eleven three-generation families
has provided a unique opportunity to compare affected and unaffected family members at all ages. The data presented here are
based on pedigree information, a questionnaire administered to all participating family members in relation to sex ratio,
handedness, the severity of dyslexia by sex, pre- and perinatal complications, medical complications, years of education and
earning ability, and a battery of standardized tests to define the presence or absence of dyslexia. The pattern of inheritance
was consistent with the postulated autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and penetrance was found to be > 90 percent. Of
73 individuals determined to have a gene leading to dyslexia, seven were classified as obligate carriers and six as compensated
adults who had no current symptoms or diagnostic evidence of dyslexia. The sex ratio (1.06) was not different from the expected
ratio of 1.04. Left-handedness, major pre- and perinatal complications, and autoimmune disorders and allergy were not more
common in dyslexics than non-dyslexics. The number of years of education and average income were similar in affected and unaffected
family members. Compensated adults and obligate carriers were similar to unaffected family members in each of these parameters. 相似文献
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贺州市位于湘粤桂三省区交界处,是一个多民族、多方言地区.贺州学院的生源主要来自广西壮族自治区,大部分学生的母语为少数民族语言或汉语方言.我们以贺州学院为例探讨研究多语多方言地区汉语言人才的培养模式,发挥学生的语言优势,培养语言学人才. 相似文献
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Empty nest syndrome occurs as a result of urbanization and loosened relationships among family members. It may threaten the life quality of older adults and stability of society as a whole. This survey was designed to investigate the situation and factors that influence the life quality of a sample of older adults in a western state. Thirty-five respondents completed surveys that included questions relating to quality of life and living conditions of older adults living in the empty nest. This study showed that although most of the people did not live with their family members, the relationship with their family members appeared to greatly influence their life quality. It also showed the healthier they were and the more activities they participated in, the higher their life qualities were. 相似文献
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Eucharia Onyema Ejechi 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(5):328-337
The quality of life (QL) of retired academics reengaged in some Nigerian Universities was studied using physical health, subjective happiness, life satisfaction and psychological well-being domains and a measure based on control, autonomy, self-realization and pleasure (CASP) as indicators. Satisfactory QL was indicated all respondents (>50% maximum points), but physical health was poor (<30%). Compared to the preretirement period, respondents indicated satisfactory present condition. Significant differences (t test) due to gender, age, living with/without spouse, mandatory/voluntary retirement, and rank occurred in some QL indicators. Except for physical health, the QL indicators were positively associated (r = .31–0.69, p < .05–0.01). Satisfactory location was indicated and was positively related to subjective happiness (r = .52–.76). Thus, the QL of reengaged retired academics did not deteriorate because of continued activity. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(10):442-446
AbstractExpectations of citizens for the role of the school board with respect to four educational concerns were examined with educational attainment and family income of citizens as independent variables. The population for the study was 1,794 citizens in twelve Wisconsin school districts. Citizens were placed in one of five education and one of five family income groups and mean expectation scores were treated statistically with analysis of variance and the Sheff6 post hoc means test. Expectation scares were obtained from responses to four sets of interview questions scaled from conservative to liberal. Generally, the higher the educational attainment and family income of citizens, the more liberal were their expectations for the role of the school board. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: This survey was conducted to: (1) document child protective services (CPS) agencies' actual practices regarding prenatal drug exposure; (2) examine urban and rural differences in CPS responses; (3) explore whether CPS practices varied as a function of county median income, birth rate, population size, or percent minority births; and (4) assess respondent satisfaction with their county's current responses. METHOD: Data were collected via a nationwide telephone survey of child welfare supervisors from two urban and two rural counties in every state (N = 200). RESULTS: Ninety percent of counties (100% of urban and 80% of rural) reported receiving referrals of infants with prenatal drug exposure. Among those receiving referrals, extreme variations in practice were found; all possible response options (from very inactive to very aggressive) were equally represented on key questions (e.g., filing court petitions, taking custody). Rural counties tended to have stronger responses than urban counties (t[175] = -2.26, p = .024). County response did not vary with county-level median family income, percent minority births, or birth rate. Despite wide variations in practice, the majority of respondents (69%) felt their county's response was appropriate. Of respondents who did indicate that their county's response was inappropriate, most (85%) felt that the county needed to do more to protect children. CONCLUSIONS: There is currently tremendous variation across US counties in CPS responses to, and beliefs regarding, the issue of prenatal drug exposure. Some of this variation is due to differences between urban and rural counties, with little variation explained by differences in median income or percent minority births at the county level. There is a need for research-based guidance and consensus building in CPS practice in this area. 相似文献