共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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卢梭继承了霍布斯的自我保存原理,并以此来应对霍布斯遗留的问题：个人作为自我保存的判断者与普遍的自然法之间的张力;个人基于不可放弃的自然权利与国家之间的冲突。在强调自然人的激情较之于理性的优先性的同时,卢梭推进了霍布斯对自然法的批判。为应对个体与国家的紧张关系,卢梭从自我保存推导出公意。借助公意,个人在完全转让自然权利的同时,仍然拥有作为自我保存的判断者的自由。不过,特殊意志与公意的对立的持存表明,卢梭没有完全处理掉个人与国家之间的紧张关系。这源于契约论论证权力合法性的要求。 相似文献
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吴之声 《湖南科技学院学报》2013,(6):85-87
“国家”是政治学说研究不可回避的论域,霍布斯曾因为《利维坦》建立了一个拥有绝对权力和主权者至上的国家而引发人们对个人与国家、自由与权威、民主与专制的关注与论争。从霍布斯“利维坦”的人性恶与苦难自然状态的逻辑预设出发,一方面在对“个人”进行界定的基础上对“利维坦”国家权力的至高性与广泛性,也即霍布斯绝对国家权力进行分析,另一方面以人们建立国家的目的为基础,对人们在“利维坦”中的自由与国家法律对主权者权力的设限,也即霍布斯相对国家权力进行探讨,以期对饱受诟病的“利维坦”作浅显的辨解。 相似文献
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霍布斯以人性论与社会契约论作为其国家权力观的理论原点,并把生命权作为人的绝对的权利,认为人在没有公共权力保护自己的情况下会展开相互的斗争,从而使得生命保存成为不可能.为了保护个人权利,他认为必须要赋予国家以绝对的权力.他虽然明确指出了这种绝对国家权力的行使范围,但却没有对防止国家权力越出界限作出有效的制度安排. 相似文献
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温艳 《陕西理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2012,30(3):39-42,55
霍布斯与恐惧相伴终生,但恐惧带给霍布斯的并不只是怯懦,还有成就。对重返自然状态的恐惧使得霍布斯意识到主权权力的重要性,对主权者命运的恐惧使得霍布斯觉察到知识权力泛滥的危害性,而用强大到极限的主权权力的恐惧来对抗知识权力扩张的恐惧又是霍布斯所追求的终极政治目标。 相似文献
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腐败的核心和要害是权力腐败。权力腐败直接影响经济建设，严重败坏党风和社会风气，威胁国家和社会稳定。权力的个人性质。间接民主代议制下权力运行的失控和异化等是造成权力腐败的重要原因。有效遏制权力腐败。必须对权力意识、权力获得以及权力运行过程三个方面进行监督和制约。 相似文献
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杨金友 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2007,26(8):5-8
霍布斯与洛克是17世纪著名的政治哲学家,他们深入探讨了政府的起源、内容及运作,为政府理论奠定了一定的思想基础,并对后世产生了重大的影响。他们认为政府不是根据神创造的,而是通过社会契约创造的,君权不是神授的,而是人民转让的,政府的目的是保护人民的生命和财产。霍布斯主张强势政府,君主的权力应当具有至高无上性,他是集权主义者。洛克则主张有限政府,政府的一切权力都应当受到限制,要求分权制衡,他是自由主义者。 相似文献
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袁柏顺 《思茅师范高等专科学校学报》2001,17(1):10-12
霍布斯的政治态度外显为保卫国王和赞成君主制,但其真正用意与真实态度在于保卫国王作为主权者的权力,在于保卫近代国家所应有的主权权力. 相似文献
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赵迅 《常德师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2000,25(1):28-30
法治国家政治基础的一般标志有二：第一，其政体是民主政体；第二，其国家权力配置是分权制约，中国权力机制的有分工，但缺乏制约，形成立法系统和司法系统对行政系统的依附关系，权力腐败成为国家的囊肿，权力制约机制的建立可以通过国家权力结构的如下重构实现；实行“政权”与“治权”的分立，在代表机关之下立法、行政、司法、司法以相互制约。 相似文献
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彭隆辉 《赣南师范学院学报》2002,1(5):109-111
霍布斯政治哲学思想的核心是关于国家的学说。其国家学说旨在以人造国家、君权人授反对神造国家、君权神授 ,以资产阶级专政反对封建君主专制。体现了资产阶级对平等、自由的要求及通过契约途径获取政治权力的愿望 相似文献
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戴维 《商丘师范学院学报》2014,(8):37-40
霍布斯对自由主义的贡献一直存在诸多争议。表面看来,提出君主专制主张的霍布斯的政治哲学与自由主义格格不入,但他关于个人与国家的关系的见解、他的自由观和国家观都对自由主义产生了深刻的影响,在一定程度上为近代自由主义的兴起奠定了思想基础。 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献
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RUZBEHANI Mohsen 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):20-25
1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec… 相似文献
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唐芳 《读与写:教育教学刊》2008,5(6)
During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context. 相似文献