共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
为探讨重金属Cr、Hg对油白菜种子萌发、幼苗生长的影响,以油白菜种子为试验材料,采用土培法研究油白菜种子萌发、幼苗生长对于不同浓度Cr、Hg胁迫的响应特征,以期为蔬菜种植和污染防控提供数据支撑和理论依据.结果表明:较低浓度的重金属(Cr浓度0.28 mg/kg、Hg浓度0.20 mg/kg)对油白菜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数及幼苗株高的影响不大,且适度的重金属胁迫可有效刺激油白菜种子的萌发及幼苗生长;当重金属浓度超出一定范围后(Cr浓度0.28 mg/kg,Hg浓度0.2 mg/kg),则表现出对油白菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制作用,且随着Cr、Hg浓度的升高,油白菜种子萌发及幼苗株高生长受抑制现象愈加明显. 相似文献
2.
盐胁迫下Na+、K+和Cl-对碱蓬和玉米生理特性效应的比较研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用NaCl、KCl、NaNO3和KNO3四种盐处理碱蓬 (Suaedasalsa)和玉米 (Zeamays)幼苗 ,比较Na 、K 、和Cl- 离子的效应 .0 .2 0 0mol·L- 1 KCl处理 6d引起玉米幼苗干枯死亡 ,大于 0 .3 0 0mol·L- 1 KCl处理 6d导致碱蓬幼苗干枯死亡 .0 .10 0mol·L- 1 KCl和KNO3处理对碱蓬幼苗生长有促进作用 ,大于 0 .3 0 0mol·L- 1 KCl和KNO3处理造成碱蓬幼苗幼叶黄化 .NaCl、KNO3和NaNO3处理均没有导致碱蓬和玉米幼苗死亡 ,认为碱蓬和玉米幼苗的死亡是由Cl- 1 引起的 .NaNO3和KNO3处理都引起玉米幼苗膜透性显著增加 ,NaCl和KCl处理增加不显著 .KCl处理引起碱蓬幼苗膜透性显著增加 ,NaNO3和KNO3处理碱蓬膜透性变化不大 . 相似文献
3.
秦立金 《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2011,27(6):50-51
采用盆栽试验的方法研究了土壤外源Cd污染处理对油菜幼苗生长的影响,结果表明：随着测定时间的延长,Cd在0～5mg/kg范围内,随着Cd浓度的增加,各项形态指标呈现增加趋势,Cd对油菜幼苗的生长起促进作用;当Cd的浓度增加到5mg/kg以后,各项指标均呈现下降趋势,Cd对油菜幼苗的生长起抑制作用.Cd对油菜叶绿素含量的影响十分明显,当Cd施用浓度达到5mg/kg时,各叶绿素含量达到最大值,以后随着Cd浓度的增加,叶绿素的含量呈下降趋势,且Cd对叶绿素a的影响大于对叶绿素b的影响.由此可知,5mg/kg很可能是油菜受Cd毒害的临界浓度. 相似文献
4.
通过实验方法测定了土壤Pb含量对栀子幼苗生长量和生理特性的影响,以及栀子幼苗对土壤Pb吸收富集特征.结果表明,随土壤Pb含量升高,栀子幼苗生物量、株高、叶绿素和可溶性糖含量降低;SOD、POD、CAT活性和MDA含量随土壤Pb含量的升高而升高.统计分析表明,各实验组间存在显著差异,当土壤Pb含量高于1045mg/kg,差异达极显著水平,栀子幼苗生物量与幼苗生理指标存在显著相关性;栀子幼苗根、茎、叶中对Pb的富集随土壤Pb含量升高而增加,栀子根是土壤Pb最主要的吸收部位.土壤Pb含量在1045 mg/kg以下,栀子幼苗能够正常生长生存;当土壤Pb含量高于1045mg/kg,栀子幼苗自身调节抵抗能力降低,其生理反应和生长均受到抑制. 相似文献
5.
海水对毕氏海蓬子(salicornia bigelovii Torr.)种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同浓度海水对毕氏海蓬子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:蒸馏水条件下种子萌发率最高;随着海水浓度的增加,幼苗中脯氨酸逐渐增加,可溶性蛋白先增后减;.O2-产生速率先减后逐渐增,浓度为25%时最小;MDA含量变化和.O2-产生速率变化相类似,总体变化不大,浓度为50%处达最小值;抗氧化酶活性都是随海水浓度的增加先升后降,浓度为50%时达最大值.实验表明一定浓度的海水可以促进海蓬子幼苗的生长,50%浓度左右的海水是海蓬子幼苗生长的最适浓度,而种子的萌发以无盐环境为最好. 相似文献
6.
[目的]研究Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋单一污染对草菇菌丝生长的影响,并测定出草菇对Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋的最高耐受浓度．[方法]以Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋空白为对照,采用平板培养方法研究了Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋单一污染对草菇茵丝生长及干重的抑制影响以及草菇对Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋的最高耐受浓度．（结果）Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋在较高浓度条件下,对草菇茵丝生长的抑制作用非常明显;当Hf’浓度在0—4mg／L范围内对草菇菌丝生长及干重的影响不大,当Hg^2＋浓度在4—16mg／L范围内对草菇菌丝生长及干重的影响较为明显;当c,浓度在0-2mg／L范围内对草菇菌丝生长及干重的影响不大,当Cr^3＋浓度在2—16mg／L范围内对草菇菌丝生长及干重抑制作用非常明显;[结论]一定浓度的Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋均抑制草菇菌丝生长,使其干重产量降低,本实验为土壤中Hg^2＋、Cr^3＋两种重金属污染治理提供理论参考． 相似文献
7.
原油降解菌的筛选及其降解性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从茂名炼油厂附近长期被石油污染的土壤中分离出2株能够以原油为惟一碳源和能源的原油降解菌株,经鉴定分属假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属。进一步研究了2株菌原油降解特性及其影响因素,结果表明：2株菌5d原油平均降解率分别为42．8％和44．7％;在pH接近7．0,NaCI的质量浓度为10g/L,表面活性剂吐温-80的质量浓度为40mg／L时降解效果最佳。 相似文献
8.
矫友田 《小星星(作文100分)》2008,(4):4-5
<正>在我居住的村子南面有一片广阔的盐滩,在这片苍凉的土地上,生长得最旺盛的生命就是碱蓬了。每到春天,一场细雨之后,那些肥嫩的、圆柱状的小叶芽便撑开泛着微小盐粒的碱壤,生机勃勃地冒了出来。 相似文献
9.
10.
田艳春 《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2015,(11)
本试验以内蒙古赤峰地区普遍栽培的夏抗F1小白菜为材料,研究不同浓度的Cr6+污染对小白菜的生长及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明：低浓度的Cr6+污染对小白菜幼苗的生长有一定促进作用,而高浓度的Cr6+污染对小白菜生长有抑制作用,而且其危害程度随其浓度增高而加重。其中,5mg/L为本试验的临界浓度。 相似文献
11.
HASEEB Akhtar SHARMA Anita SHUKEA Prabhat Kumar 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(8):736-742
INTRODUCTION Green gram (Vigna radiata) is an important short duration pulse crop. Due to its high nutritive value, it is grown throughout the tropical countries of South and Southeast Asia, particularly in India (Vavilov, 1951). Among various pests and diseases, nematodes-fungus disease complex particularly of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum poses a great problem to the cultivation of pulse crops by inflicting severe yield losses (Perveen et al., 1999; De et al., 2000; … 相似文献
12.
为了探讨柠檬酸和草酸对茶园土壤中铅的化学形态的影响,采集无污染茶园土壤,喷施180mg/kg的硝酸铅,平衡后再添加不同浓度的柠檬酸或者草酸,分析土壤中水溶性铅和交换态铅含量的变化.结果表明,一定浓度的柠檬酸或者草酸对于土壤中水溶态铅和交换态铅的含量有降低作用,其效果与酸的类型和浓度有关.草酸对于土壤中有效性形态铅的降低作用优于柠檬酸,输入酸对于水溶态铅的降低作用强于对交换态铅的降低.当酸浓度达到0.2mmol/kg时,其降低作用最佳,之后随着输入酸浓度的升高,反而会增加土壤中有效性形态铅的含量. 相似文献
13.
内江市郊区菜园土壤和蔬菜重金属污染及其评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对内江市郊区菜园土壤和白菜、韭菜、胡萝卜、白萝卜、茄子、莴笋、芹菜、豇豆和冬瓜等9种蔬菜中5种重金属的含量和污染状况进行分析评价．结果表明：内江市郊区菜园土壤Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd和Cr的平均含量分别为77．53,165．17,0．147,92．34,79．56mg／kg,是四川土壤背景值的249．28％,190．97％,298．83％,185．65%．100．70％,Cu,Pb,Zn元素污染属轻度污染,其中Pb较接近中度污染;Cr属警戒级;Cd为安全级．重金属元素Cu,Pb,Zn的复合污染较普遍．内江市郊区蔬菜的重金属Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd和Cr含量排序为Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr〉Cd;9种蔬菜对重金属元素的富集效应大体为Cd〉Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr;除Pb含量在白菜、豇豆、莴笋和芹菜中超标外,其他元素在各蔬菜中均无超标现象． 相似文献
14.
Haseeb Akhtar Sharma Anita Shukla Prabhat Kumar 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(8):736-742
Studies were conducted under pot conditions to determine the comparative efficacy of carbofuran at 1 mg a.i./kg soil, bavistin
at 1 mg a.i./kg soil, neem (Azadirachta indica) seed powder at 50 mg/kg soil, green mould (Trichoderma harzianum) at 50.0 ml/kg soil, rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) at 50.0 ml/kg soil against root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita-wilt fungus,Fusarium oxysporum disease complex on green gram,Vigna radiata cv ML-1108. All the treatments significantly improved the growth of the plants as compared to untreated inoculated plants.
Analysis of data showed that carbofuran andA. indica seed powder increased plant growth and yield significantly more in comparison to bavistin andP. fluorescens. Carbofuran was highly effective against nematode, bavistin against fungus,A. indica seed powder against both the pathogens and both the bioagents were moderately effective against both the pathogens. 相似文献
15.
Microbial activity and community diversity in a variable charge soil as affected by cadmium exposure levels and time 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects of cadmium (Cd) on microbial biomass, activity and community diversity were assessed in a representative variable charge soil (Typic Aquult) using an incubation study. Cadmium was added as Cd(NO3)2> to reach a concentration range of 0～16 mg Cd/kg soil. Soil extractable Cd generally increased with Cd loading rate, but decreased with incubation time. Soil mi-crobial biomass was enhanced at low Cd levels (0.5～1 mg/kg), but was inhibited consistently with increasing Cd rate. The ratio of microbial biomass C/N varied with Cd treatment levels, decreasing at low Cd rate (<0.7 mg/kg available Cd), but increasing progressively with Cd loading. Soil respiration was restrained at low Cd loading (<1 mg/kg), and enhanced at higher Cd levels. Soil microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) was generally greater at high Cd loading (1～16 mg/kg). However, the MMQ is also affected by other factors. Cd contamination reduces species diversity of soil microbial communities and their ability to metabolize different C substrates. Soils with higher levels of Cd contamination showed decreases in indicator phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs) for Gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes, while the indicator PLFAs for Gram-positive bacteria and fungi increased with increasing levels of Cd contamination. 相似文献
16.
Oil spills may considerably damage sensitive coastal wetlands. The phytoremediation potential and restoration of a dominant coastal marsh plant, Cyperus rotundus, for diesel pollutant and its phytoremediation effectiveness were investigated in this open-air pot experiment. Cyperus rotundus was transplanted into soil contaminated with diesel at concentrations of 1 000, 5 000, 10 000, 15 000, 20 000 mg/kg. In order to better elucidate the biochemical and physiological responses to diesel pollutants, activity of the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT） and ascorbic acid oxidase （AAO） were determined in the plant tissue after 50 d treatment at the levels mentioned above. The results showed that CAT and AAO of stem and leaf exhibited peak enzyme activities on 15 000 mg/kg soil and 10 000 mg/kg soil respectively, and declined at higher concentrations. Additionally, the increment of biomass and the content of soluble protein, as well as chlorophyll content were affected by diesel. The highest restoration effectiveness appeared at the level of 5 000 mg/kg. Collectively, Cyperus rotundus is a potential plant which can be used for restoring the diesel-contaminated soil. 相似文献
17.
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was grown in paddy soil in pots under different phosphorus (P) fertilizer treatments to investigate changes of P fractions and microbial community of the soil. The treatments included Kunyang phosphate rock (KPR) applications at 50 mg P/kg (KPR50) and 250 mg P/kg (KPR250), mono-calcium phosphate (MCP) application at 50 mg P/kg (MCP50), and the control without P application. The results showed that KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 applications significantly increased the dry weight of the ryegrass by 13%, 38%, and 55%, and increased P uptake by 19%, 135%, and 324%, respectively. Compared with MCP50, the relative effectiveness of KPR50 and KPR250 treatments in ryegrass production was about 23% and 68%, respectively. After one season ofryegrass growth, the KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 applications increased soil-available P by 13.4%, 26.8%, and 55.2%, respectively. More than 80% of the applied KPR-P remained as HCI-P fraction in the soil. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis showed that the total and bacterial PLFAs were significantly higher in the soils with KPR250 and MCP50 treatments compared with KPR50 and control. The latter had no significant difference in the total or bacterial PLFAs. The KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 treatments increased fungal PLFA by 69%, 103%, and 69%, respectively. Both the principal component analysis and the cluster analysis of the PLFA data suggest that P treatments altered the microbial community composition of the soils, and that P availability might be an important contributor to the changes in the microbial community structure during the ryegrass growth in the paddy soils. 相似文献
18.
对商丘10种不同类型土质对强筋小麦品质与产量的影响进行了池栽试验,结果表明：在同一自然条件下,小麦籽粒产量与土质类型本身属性关系不大,土壤基础肥力和全氮含量对小麦籽粒产量影响较大,速效氮和全氮含量与小麦品质呈显著正相关．5种达到二级强筋小麦品质标准的土壤基础肥力是：有机质11 4．4g／kg、全氮（N）08．5 g／kg、速效氮（N）913．mg／kg、速效磷（P）92．4mg／kg、速效钾913．2 mg／kg ． 相似文献
19.
研究了不同浓度的大豆异黄酮对二叶一心期的小麦(Triticum aestivumL)幼苗及150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下的小麦幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:0.1 mg/L的大豆异黄酮能够促进小麦幼苗的生长,提高叶绿素含量和根系活力;0.01 mg/L的大豆异黄酮能减轻盐胁迫对小麦幼苗的伤害作用。 相似文献