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1.
James D. Finn 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1957,5(2):451-467
This paper has attempted to deal with two aspects of the problem of automatizing the classroom through audio-visual means.
These aspects were: (a) the institutional background in which the earlier foundation support of the audio-visual movement
by the Payne Fund and the Rockefeller Foundation was compared to the present, much more extensive support of the mass audio-visual
approach to teaching supported by the Ford Foundation, its several Funds and the organizations which it underwrites; and (b)
the theoretical position requiring audio-visual automation which was shown to be based on the teacher and plant shortage facing
this country in the next two decades of swelling school and college enrollments and, therefore, necessitating technological
solutions to problems of class size and building space.
For a complete picture, some case histories and research results, as well as a technical analysis of the entire position,
would prove useful. It is hoped to supply these three aspects of the study in the next paper, to be followed, if thought desirable,
by a fourth discussion which would subject the whole idea to critical scrutiny.
This is the second in a series of articles dealing with various aspects of the relationship between automation and education.
The first, which appeared in the Winter, 1957, issue of the Review, dealt with the general relationships between the two.
This article reviews the specific proposals for automatizing the classroom through audio-visual devices in terms of the organizations
leading the movement and the theoretical justification for these proposed changes in educational procedure. 相似文献
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Automation of instruction can satisfy current needs to increase educational quantity and quality in business, industry and education. Though the ideas are not new, automation gives the first practical opportunity for widespread application. Automated instructional systems include teaching machines, individual "closed-loop" tutoring situations and "feedback" from the student to the machine. These systems exploit the principles of knowledge of results, reward immediacy of reinforcement, participation and individual differences. As a result, teaching is speeded up and improved as students understand and retain better. Automation of instruction will continue to be exploited as it increases in complexity and man-machine relationships. Benefits will be widespread, improving especially teachers' efficiency and market value as well as the nation's means to challenge, effectively, Communism's world-wide competition. 相似文献
4.
GREGORY P. THOMAS 《Education and Information Technologies》2001,6(1):29-41
It is suggested widely that the use of computer technology holds great promise for school science education. Such a suggestion is congruent with broader beliefs that implementation of new technology is a key to improving education. However, little is known still about computer use in science classrooms and its effects on students' learning. This paper draws on major findings from recent research, integrates these with theoretical perspectives from associated education literature, and proposes guidelines for orienting computer use in high school science classrooms. It is proposed that (a) pedagogy should be strongly informed by appropriate theoretical orientations, (b) the importance of models in science should be acknowledged in pedagogy and in software development, (c) developing students' metacognition during instruction involving computers should be focussed upon, and (d) teachers' and students' beliefs and epistemologies should be recognised as key factors in educational change involving computer implementation and use. 相似文献
5.
F.J.R.C. Dochy M.S.R. Segers G. Moerkerke 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(3):141-166
Abstract Does it help one to know how a Chateau Pichon Longueville Baron 1989 looks, smells and tastes in Montpellier, when in fact one is in the process of tasting a Pichon Longueville Baron 1990 at home in a dark and humid cellar at 14 degrees? How important is prior knowledge and assessment for learning in higher education? The present paper provides a theortical background concerning activation prior knowledge, using new assessment methods and applying a new learning process model referred to as powelful learning environments. Recent research has shown that increasing efficiency in learning can be achieved by introducing powerful learning, building on the students' prior knowledge and making use of multiple functions of assessment tools. Different concepts, methods and effects are explained in the paper with regard to their use in real classrooms. A model is outlined for integrating learning, instruction and assessment. Attendants to the session in Montpellier should not only be prepared to taste a good glass of French claret wine, but should also be interested in thinking and working interactively. The presentation itself will elaborate on some of these and will focus practical applications in agricultural higher education. 相似文献
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前沿物理教学与新课程改革 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以往的物理教学忽视了物理学前沿知识,造成科学教育的“片断化”。前沿物理知识在物理教学中扮演着重要的作用。因此,教师要更新观念,重视对前沿知识的追踪;用现代物理学的思想去重新衡量、组织传统知识;大胆应用,把握好“量”与“度”;采用灵活、开放的教学形式等。 相似文献
7.
Thomas E. Scruggs Margo A. Mastropieri Lisa Marshak 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2012,27(1):12-20
Ten inclusive middle school social studies classes, including 133 general education students, and 24 students with mild disabilities (21 with learning disabilities and 3 with emotional disabilities), were assigned at random to a traditional instruction condition, or an experimental condition involving classwide peer tutoring with specialized materials and parent training. After 18 weeks of instruction, posttest data revealed that students in the experimental condition gained significantly more than students in the traditional instruction condition. These effects were observed on content included in the tutoring intervention, as well as on related content that was taught but not included in the tutoring intervention. Results are discussed within the context of recent research on inclusive secondary content area instruction. 相似文献
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作为一种新的教学方式,网络英语教学突破了传统教学的时空限制,实现了优秀资源共享,为更多的学习者提供了接受优质英语教育的机会。英语口语作为网络英语教学的重要组成部分,因其自身特点,对网络课程开发者提出了新的挑战。依据Flash技术的优点和英语口语的特点,主要从界面设计、功能实现、字幕设计等几个方面,详细阐述了英语口语网络课程播放器的设计与开发过程。 相似文献
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D. Michael Malone 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,35(6):531-542
The purpose of this paper is to describe a Personal Learning Plan method used in undergraduate early childhood education courses
as a specific case of learner-centered, inquiry-based instruction. A rationale for this approach to instruction, the instructional
context in which the specific method was developed and used, the method framework (i.e., preliminary and final plans, activities,
products, and reflections), and the evaluation process will be discussed. Finally, a discussion of the perceived benefits
and challenges of the method as it has been implemented will be presented. 相似文献
10.
自动化专业卓越工程师培养计划的思索与实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
工科专业如何转变教育模式以适应国家经济发展的需要,是目前中国由制造业大国转为制造业强国迫切要解决的问题。本文选用自动化专业为工程教育的研究对象,遵循卓越工程师培养计划理念,并将该理念贯穿在专业学习的全过程,运用卓越计划教育模式对该专业的教与学进行探讨和实践,提出一条新的工程教育模式,使学生在解决实际问题方面、独立创新能力、团队合作能力方面有所提高。 相似文献
11.
利用Blog开展《教育心理学》的教学实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用Blog开展教学是一种新型的信息化教学方式。以唐山师范学院教育技术专业2005级学生为研究对象,以专业课程《教育心理学》为研究载体,进行了为期半年的教学实践。在实践的基础上系统分析了利用Blog进行《教育心理学》授课的优势以及具体实践过程,以期对今后进行的高校教师教育技术能力培训模块提供实践性支持。 相似文献
12.
Uma Pradhan 《Ethnography and Education》2017,12(3):381-394
Scholars in education have drawn our attention to the ways in which social power and control manifests in the process of knowledge production in education institutions especially through school curriculum. In this paper, I analyse school textbooks along with classroom instruction events and everyday practices in a mother-tongue school in Nepal. Drawing on the concept of ‘legitimate knowledge’, this paper discusses mother-tongue education as a struggle over symbolic resources, whereby familiarity with ‘daily life in the locality’ is discursively drawn upon to articulate mother tongue as an effective pedagogy and legitimate knowledge. The paper argues that the introduction of mother tongue in the school curriculum is, therefore, more than an addition of new language. It is a process of negotiating what it means to ‘know’ things in school. In doing so, this paper illustrates a dynamic process of re-signification of local languages, knowledge and identities that is underway. 相似文献
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Henriette Tolstrup Holmegaard Lene Møller Madsen Lars Ulriksen 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2014,9(3):755-786
The paper presents results from a longitudinal study of students’ decisions to enrol on a higher education science programme and their experiences of it. The aim is to give insights into students’ transition process and negotiation of identity. This is done by following a cohort of 38 students in a series of qualitative interviews during a 3-year period starting as they were about to finish upper secondary school. We find that the students’ choice of study is an ongoing process of meaning-making, which continues when the students enter higher education and continuously work on their identities to gain a sense of belonging to their science or engineering programme. The use of a narrative methodology provides understanding of choice of study as involving changes in future perspectives and in the interpretation of past experiences. Further, we gain access into how this meaning-making process over time reflects the students’ negotiations in terms of belonging to higher education and their coping strategies when their expectations of their new programme interact with their first-year experiences. 相似文献
15.
Jane Buck 《Higher Education in Europe》2001,26(4):599-602
Many traditional academics view the advent of on-line teaching in higher education with suspicion. They suspect that attempts to compare the outcomes of traditional and on-line instruction do not yield valid results. Nevertheless, on-line instruction is here to stay. It behooves an organization like the American Association of University Professors, a major role of which is to protect academic freedom in American higher education institutions, to make sure that the integration of on-line instruction into the activities of traditional higher education institutions will give rise, in the case of the new component, to the same guarantees as to academic freedom and quality, determined primarily by the faculty, as in traditional university activities. 相似文献
16.
推进素质教育应牢牢把住课堂教学这个主阵地，各学科在课堂教学中，要从不同侧重点体现素质教育的共性，并改变原来传统的教育质量观。通过教学方法的不断创新，培养学生的综合能力和创新精神。 相似文献
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The present paper examines the impact of ability matching and differentiated instruction on the learning outcomes of eighth and ninth grade students in a financial education programme. In particular, the effect of within-class ability matching is investigated by forming pairs of students either randomly or based on their abilities. In addition, the paper studies whether differentiated instruction, in the form of additional instructions for lower ability students, enhances the impact of the financial education programme. The paper provides evidence on the effects of both practices using two randomised control trials involving 65 schools and 2,407 students. Overall, the results suggest that the programme raises the financial proficiency of students by 0.18 standard deviations. Although the learning outcomes of the average student are not affected by the differentiation practices, non-native students significantly benefit from differentiated instruction. 相似文献
18.
张伟远 《现代远程教育研究》2013,(1):7-14,23
教育信息化已经成为世界各国继续教育发展的方向,网络教学日益成为继续教育的重要教学传递模式。国家教育部2012年的《教育信息化十年发展规划》明确提出信息化技术与教育深度融合的要求,为学习者提供方便、灵活、个性化的学习环境。如何实现信息技术和继续教育的深度融合,关键是发展和采用有效的网络教学模式。从理论阐述上,笔者提出这一网络教学模式的基本框架,其组成包括网络学习平台、网络学习课程、网络导学和支持、网络教学管理以及质量保证体系。香港大学教师进修学院对这一网络教学模式的应用实践效果明显。学院于1999年开发了第一个网络教学平台,2012年又推出新的平台,称为SOUL2.0,其优势是功能模块化、整合Web2.0互动功能、整合学习功能、整合评价功能、降低开发成本。新平台为推进信息技术与继续教育的深度融合提供了坚实的基础设施。以全网络课程＂网络课程的设计和开发＂为例,在新平台上对课程介绍、课程教学设计、网络导学和支持、信息技术和互动学习融合及质量保证等方面进行了探索。经案例研究表明,我们通过采用系统的和有质量保证机制的网络教学发展模式,在继续教育领域中可以达到与面授相同而且更加灵活的教学和学习成效。 相似文献
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Online technology allows higher education to reach additional students. Because of its convenience many universities will offer a variety of criminology and criminal justice courses online. This paper presents a case study of the transfer of a graduate justice studies degree program from traditional instruction to online delivery. The transformation must involve the coordination of several university departments. Online course instruction includes development, instruction, and assessment stages that are distinct from traditional courses. The lessons learned from this process are discussed. 相似文献
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刘建宏 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2012,(3):5-9
从我国政府对开放大学的办学定位来看,其管理范式与运行机制和电大有很大的差异。在开放大学与学生之间、开放大学与合作办学机构之间,以及开放大学各个层级之间,将形成复杂的、多层次的教育权利义务关系。这些权利义务关系将在平等协商、自愿选择的基础上形成,从属性上来看,基本上属于教育合同关系。在开放大学的办学与运行过程中,教育合同具有调整、引导、提高教育效益、促进合作和预防纠纷等功能。为了充分发挥教育合同在开放大学办学中的作用,建议按照一定的原则和思路,建立开放大学的教育合同管理制度。 相似文献