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1.
中国南海的形成演化及动力学机制研究综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
南海是西太平洋最大的边缘海之一，蕴藏着丰富的油气等矿产资源，同时又处于欧亚、太平洋、印-澳三大板块的交会处。南海的形成、演化和动力学机制一直是地学界的研究热点之一。本文对国内外学者关于南海形成演化和动力学机制的主要观点进行了综述，并指出了存在的问题。 相似文献
2.
Jie Yuan Zhenyu Yang Chenglong Deng Wout Krijgsman Xiumian Hu Shihu Li Zhongshan Shen Huafeng Qin Wei An Huaiyu He Lin Ding Zhengtang Guo Rixiang Zhu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(7)
The India-Asia collision is an outstanding smoking gun in the study of continental collision dynamics. How and when the continental collision occurred remains a long-standing controversy. Here we present two new paleomagnetic data sets from rocks deposited on the distal part of the Indian passive margin, which indicate that the Tethyan Himalaya terrane was situated at a paleolatitude of ∼19.4°S at ∼75 Ma and moved rapidly northward to reach a paleolatitude of ∼13.7°N at ∼61 Ma. This implies that the Tethyan Himalaya terrane rifted from India after ∼75 Ma, generating the North India Sea. We document a new two-stage continental collision, first at ∼61 Ma between the Lhasa and Tethyan Himalaya terranes, and subsequently at ∼53−48 Ma between the Tethyan Himalaya terrane and India, diachronously closing the North India Sea from west to east. Our scenario matches the history of India-Asia convergence rates and reconciles multiple lines of geologic evidence for the collision. 相似文献
3.
南海中南部海域油气资源开发战略价值评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
南海蕴藏丰富的油气资源,自20世纪70年代以来,南海中南部海域我国九段线内油气资源不断受到周边国家的蚕食,严重影响我国海洋能源安全。本文以南海中南部海域主要油气盆地的地理空间位置、资源现状与潜力、招标和开采情况等数据为基础,采用SAVEE方法,结合GIS技术,对南海中南部海域油气资源开发战略价值进行定量评价,为我国勘探和开发南海中南部海域油气资源提供参考。结果表明,南海中南部海域油气资源开发战略的积极因子影响价值主要由油气盆地的资源现状与潜力控制,消极因子影响价值主要由油气盆地的地理空间位置及其他国家的招标和开采情况控制。南海中南部海域油气资源开发战略价值呈明显的梯度分布特征,中建南盆地和北康盆地最高,万安盆地、南薇西盆地、曾母盆地和礼乐盆地次之,西北巴拉望盆地和文莱-沙巴盆地较低,南沙海槽盆地和南薇东盆地最低。 相似文献
4.
九寨沟、黄龙风景区的降水特征及其变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用九寨沟、黄龙地区附近代表站的降水资料及NCEP/NCAR 1959年～2002年共44年月平均再分析资料采用小波分析、合成分析等方法对九寨沟、黄龙地区降水以及水汽输送特征进行了研究。结果表明，九寨沟、黄龙地区的年降水总量为693.7 mm,降水主要集中在5月～9月，干湿季明显，7月份降水最多。44年来本区年降水量呈减少趋势。降水的减少主要发生在夏季，尤其是7月。九寨沟、黄龙地区的水汽输送有着明显的季节变化，这种差异和季风环流演变有密切的关系。冬、春季本区的水汽主要来源于中纬度偏西风水汽输送，夏、秋季节主要来源于孟加拉湾和南海、西太平洋地区。夏季风的异常变化引起的南来水汽向北输送的减弱，是造成九寨沟、黄龙地区降水减少的重要原因之一。九寨沟、黄龙地区多雨年和少雨年来自西太平洋、东海的水汽输送特征有显著差异，多（少）雨年来自西太平洋、东海地区的水汽输送显著偏多（少）。 相似文献
5.
利用上海台风研究所整编的《CMA-STI热带气旋最佳路径数据集》数据资料,建立了以每次热带气旋6h间隔中心位置为基础的西北太平洋地区1°×1°经纬度格网,统计分析了西北太平洋地区1990年-2009年热带气旋的路径变化、发生频数、频率的年际分布和季节分布等。结果表明：①西北太平洋热带气旋影响的区域大概为100°-180°E,3.5°-51°N,主要影响的国家和地区有：菲律宾群岛,中南半岛,中国东部沿海各省、海南省、台湾省,朝鲜半岛及日本三岛;②西北太平洋地区热带气旋发生次数有减少趋势,2000年-2009年年均发生次数比1990年-1999年年均少3次;③7月-10月热带气旋发生频繁,其中8月占到20年各月累计的21%;④热带气旋频数分布密集区为南海中北部以东、菲律宾吕宋岛以东,整体呈抛物线向东辐射减少;⑤热带气旋路径频率值的分布存在明显的季节性变化,突出表现为频率最高值中心位置的规律性移动。 相似文献
6.
南海自古以来就是中国的领土,中国对南海诸岛及其附近海域拥有无可争辩的主权。南海由于其重要的战略价值及丰富资源而成为东南亚相关国争夺的焦点,围绕南海主权展开的斗争愈演愈烈,南海战略态势日趋复杂化与白热化。鉴于此,中国应采取合理与务实的南海策略。 相似文献
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8.
Yimin Liu Mengmeng Lu Haijun Yang Anmin Duan Bian He Song Yang Guoxiong Wu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(3):534
This paper reviews recent advances regarding land–atmosphere–ocean coupling associated with the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its climatic impacts. Thermal forcing over the TP interacts strongly with that over the Iranian Plateau, forming a coupled heating system that elevates the tropopause, generates a monsoonal meridional circulation over South Asia and creates conditions of large-scale ascent favorable for Asian summer monsoon development. TP heating leads to intensification and westward extension (northward movement) of the South Asian High (Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone), and exerts strong impacts on upstream climate variations from North Atlantic to West Asia. It also affects oceanic circulation and buoyancy fields via atmospheric stationary wave trains and air–sea interaction processes, contributing to formation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The TP thermal state and atmospheric–oceanic conditions are highly interactive and Asian summer monsoon variability is controlled synergistically by internal TP variability and external forcing factors. 相似文献
9.
海洋养殖在保障国家粮食安全和营养方面具有非常重要的作用。拓展海水养殖新空间对中国近海生态环境的改善、食物安全的保障、海洋资源的有效利用和海洋主权的宣誓有着重要意义。本文以180种海水养殖物种（鱼类120种、双壳类60种）为分析对象,通过各物种生长耐温范围和研究区域海表温度的匹配和比较,计算空间地理格网上多物种生长潜力指数的平均值,分别得到鱼类和双壳类养殖潜力,并基于阈值法对离岸距离和深度等条件进行约束,定量分析中国深远海养殖潜力的空间分布。结果表明：①在满足评估条件的区域内,对于鱼类,渤黄海（BYS）、东海（ECS）和南海（SCS）海区适宜面积分别约为19.98、76.29、81.69万km2;对于双壳类,渤黄海、东海和南海海区适宜面积分别约为3.02、4.17、2.03万km2;②按照海区划分时,可优先考虑东海和南海进行鱼类养殖,而渤黄海鱼类养殖潜力值变化最大,未来鱼类养殖需要更细致地规划选址,以尽可能选择潜力值较大的区域;双壳类养殖可优先选择南海;③按照海域深度划分时,鱼类可优先考虑深度较深的海域进行远海养殖,而双壳类适宜离岸较近、深度较浅的海域。根据潜力评价结果可进行海域空间规划,为管理部门和养殖企业提供参考。 相似文献
10.
2010年浙江梅汛期强降水大气环流特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用浙江省常规自动站、MICAPS资料和NCEP/NCAR1.0°×1.0°资料对2010年浙江梅汛期进行分析。结果表明:(1)2010年是浙江近几年来比较典型的梅汛期降水年份,梅雨量较常年偏多,暴雨过程频繁;(2)500 hPa双阻形势的稳定维持,有利于浙江梅汛期的持续性降水,5次强降水过程700hPa、850 hPa都配合中纬度低压槽和切变线;(3)梅雨前期100 hPa南压高压呈西部型,梅雨中期由西部型转为东部型,梅雨后期呈带状型分布,南亚高压与西太平洋副高有着相向而行的移动路径;(4)阿拉伯海和印度的西风气流和西平洋副高南侧的偏东气流为暴雨区提供水汽来源,东路、中路和西路三支冷空气发挥了重要作用,主要雨带位于高空急流的右侧和低空急流的左侧。 相似文献
11.
太平洋年代际涛动（Pacific Decadal Oscillation,PDO）是气候年代际变化的主要模态之一,不仅对欧亚及北美大陆气候有重要的调节作用,对海洋生态系统及渔业资源也产生重要影响。本文以影响中国近海环境最主要的气候年代际事件PDO为切入点,采用经验正交函数分解（EOF）、超前滞后相关、一元回归分析和经验模态分解（EMD）等方法,分析了1950—2018年中国近海4种主要经济鱼种（小黄鱼（Larimichthys polyactis）、带鱼（Trichiurus lepturus）、银鲳（Pampus argenteus）及蓝点马鲛（Scomberomorus niphonius））渔获量波动与PDO变化的关系。结果表明：①渤黄东海4种渔获量与PDO的关系变化一致,存在显著的同期负相关;而南海4种渔获量与其他海区不同,与PDO相关性较差。②PDO变化对渔获量的影响主要集中在年代际尺度,并且在PDO位相转换期间的影响更为显著。③PDO变化通过引起渤黄东海的海温和初级生产力（以叶绿素为表征）显著变化,对渔获量波动产生影响。具体表现为当PDO处于负位相时,中国近海会出现海水增暖、叶绿素增加现象,适宜海温和初级生产力提升,使得渔获量增加。本文结合中国海洋渔业发展现状和特点,对中国海洋渔业发展方面提出相应对策建议,以期为气候变化背景下中国渔业资源的开发利用提供理论指导。 相似文献
12.
南海地理位置优越、自然资源丰富,合理开发管理南海岛礁可宣示国家主权。风能是一种清洁可再生能源,对其开发利用可为南海岛礁建设提供无污染的能源供给。研究先基于2006-2009年1 096幅QuikSCAT风场数据计算海面10m高度风功率密度,对南海岛礁风能资源进行评价。再根据风能廓线指数推算海面70m高度风功率密度,结合35景Landsat ETM+影像提取的干出礁礁坪估算各岛礁风电装机容量,对南海岛礁风力发电进行评价。结果表明：①南海岛礁风功率密度等级为4-7级,能很好的应用于风力发电;②南海岛礁风功率密度在季节上呈“逐渐递增”趋势,春、夏季风功率密度较小,秋、冬季风功率密度较大;③各岛礁风电装机容量中,西沙群岛综合而言最高,东沙群岛、中沙群岛均为第三级别,南沙群岛大多为一、二级别;④东沙群岛的东沙岛、中沙群岛的黄岩岛、西沙群岛的华光礁、浪花礁、赵述岛以及南沙群岛的南海礁、日积礁、南华礁风电装机容量较高,可优先进行风力发电建设。 相似文献
13.
Chi-Yue Huang Pinxian Wang Mengming Yu Chen-Feng You Char-Shine Liu Xixi Zhao Lei Shao Guangfa Zhong Graciano P Yumul Jr 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(5):891
Radiometric dates of key rock units indicate that a remnant Late Mesozoic ocean of the Huatung Basin is still preserved today east of the South China Sea (SCS). We integrate regional geology with a Cretaceous oceanic basement in the vicinity of the Huatung Basin to reconstruct the Huatung Plate east of the Eurasian continent. Results of geophysical investigations, four expeditions of deep-sea drilling and a renaissance of regional geology allow us to propose a hypothesis that the mechanism responsible for the SCS opening was raised from strike-slip fault on the east. The hypothesis suggests that the SCS opening could highly relate to the strike-slip faults inherited from Late Mesozoic structures onshore–offshore the SE Cathaysia Block to develop rhombic-shaped extensional basins en echelon on the thinned Eurasian continental crust in the Early Cenozoic. It was followed by sinistral strike-slip movements along the boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Huatung Plate driven by oblique subduction of the Huatung Plate to the northwest coupled with slab-pull force by southward subduction of the Proto-SCS to open up the triangle-shaped oceanic East Sub-basin in the Early Oligocene (33/34 Ma). The spreading ridge then propagated southwestward in the step-over segment between the Zhongnan-Lile and the Red River strike-slip fault systems to open the triangle-shaped oceanic Southwest Sub-basin by 23 Ma. The plate boundary fault was subsequently converted into the Manila Trench when the Eocene Sierra Madre arc of the Huatung Plate had moved from the south to its present latitude by the Middle Miocene. 相似文献
14.
中国海洋旅游基地适宜性综合评价研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海洋旅游代表着中国旅游业转型升级的重要方向,研究以当前海洋旅游资源为基础,综合分析沿海地区建设国家海洋旅游基地的适宜性。研究结果表明：①中国海洋旅游基地的发展主要集中在渤海海域中的辽东半岛东部海域、黄海海域中的山东半岛东北部海域、东海海域中的闽南海域和南海海域中的海南岛以及三沙市等区域的沿海城市;②在海洋旅游资源基础方面,南海南部海域、粤西海域、桂东、桂西海域沿海地区的海洋旅游资源丰富多样,适合风景观光、滨海浴场、沙滩、海岛型等滨海旅游度假区的协同开发;③在旅游产业发展和潜力方面,长三角和珠三角沿海地区中心城市可依靠产业发展和潜力优势,改善资源环境基础,打造海洋旅游国际滨海城市旅游目的地,协同城市群创新发展海洋旅游产业。 相似文献
15.
金沙江流域及邻近地区空中水资源的气候特征分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
本文研究了长江上游金沙江流域及邻近地区空中水资源的气候特征,主要结论如下:①金沙江流域大气可降水量具有明显的季节变化特征,冬季最低,夏季最高。流域主要位于高原东侧大气可降水量最大经向梯度带上,受到了高原大地形的显著影响;②冬、春季节金沙江流域水汽主要来源于中纬度偏西风水汽输送,高原南侧经过孟加拉湾北部的南支偏西风水汽的贡献尤其重要;夏季该流域上空水汽主要来源于孟加拉湾和南海、西太平洋地区;秋季则主要来源于南海、西太平洋地区;③20世纪60年代至今,金沙江流域的主要水汽源地、水汽输送通道上空大气可降水量总体呈增加趋势,尤其是20世纪90年代以来,上述区域上空增湿更是明显;1958年-2002年金沙江流域大部分地区夏季水汽输送总体呈增强趋势,主要由纬向输送增强所致;④近年来金沙江流域整体大气降水、径流量地增加以及极端天气气候事件的频繁发生都与空中水资源的变化密切相关。 相似文献
16.
2011年江南地区梅雨异常成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2011年梅雨季起止日期都较早,降水量较大,且呈现出相当的地域分布特征,值得深入分析研究。本文主要对梅雨相关环流成因和西太平洋海温分布进行了初步分析。结果表明:南压高压和西太平洋副热带高压北跳偏早,是梅雨偏早的强信号;副热带高压位置偏东导致降水带偏南偏东;高空西风急流与降水异常有密切联系;中层"三阻型"环流分布有利于冷空气的持续南下,促进强降水的激发和维持;低空急流是梅雨主要水汽来源,长江中下游为水汽集中辐合区;此外,OLR和前期海温分布对副热带高压提早北跳和降水的地域性分布也有重要指示作用。 相似文献
17.
Fluctuations in the Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC), a zonally oriented overturning cell across the tropical Pacific, can cause widespread climatic and biogeochemical perturbations. It remains unknown how the PWC developed during the Cenozoic era, with its substantial changes in greenhouse gases and continental positions. Through a suite of coupled model simulations on tectonic timescales, we demonstrate that the PWC was ∼38° broader and ∼5% more intense during the Early Eocene relative to present. As the climate cooled from the Early Eocene to the Late Miocene, the width of the PWC shrank, accompanied by an increase in intensity that was tied to the enhanced Pacific zonal temperature gradient. However, the locations of the western and eastern branches behave differently from the Early Eocene to the Late Miocene, with the western edge remaining steady with time due to the relatively stable geography of the western tropical Pacific; the eastern edge migrates westward with time as the South American continent moves northwest. A transition occurs in the PWC between the Late Miocene and Late Pliocene, manifested by an eastward shift (both the western and eastern edges migrate eastward by >12°) and weakening (by ∼22%), which we show here is linked with the closure of the tropical seaways. Moreover, our results suggest that rising CO2 favors a weaker PWC under the same land-sea configurations, a robust feature across the large spread of Cenozoic climates considered here, supporting a weakening of the PWC in a warmer future. 相似文献
18.
Qun-Ke Xia Jia Liu Istvn Kovcs Yan-Tao Hao Pei Li Xiao-Zhi Yang Huan Chen Ying-Ming Sheng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(1):125
Understanding the concentration and distribution of water in the Earth''s mantle plays a substantial role in studying its chemical, physical and dynamic processes. After a decade of research, a comprehensive dataset of water content in upper-mantle samples has been built for eastern China, which is now the only place with water-content data from such diverse types of natural samples, and provides an integrated picture of the water content and its distribution in the upper mantle at a continental scale. The main findings include the following: (i) the temporal heterogeneity of the water content in the lithospheric mantle from early Cretaceous (∼120 Ma) to Cenozoic (<40 Ma) was tightly connected with the stability of the North China Craton (from its destruction to its consolidation); (ii) the heterogeneous water content in the Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath different blocks of eastern China was not only inherited from tectonic settings from which they came, but was also affected later by geological processes they experienced; (iii) the distinct water content between the lowermost crust and lithospheric mantle of eastern China and its induced rheological contrast at the base of the crust indicate that the continental crust–mantle boundary could behave either in a coupled or decoupled manner beneath different areas and/or at different stages; (iv) the alkali basalts of eastern China demonstrate a heterogeneous distribution of water content in the mantle; local and regional comparisons of the water content between the lithospheric mantle and basalts'' source indicate that the Cenozoic alkali basalts in eastern China were not sourced from the lithospheric mantle. Instead, the inferred high water contents in the mantle sources suggest that the Cenozoic eastern China basalts were likely sourced from the mantle transition zone (MTZ); and (v) both oceanic and continental crusts may carry a certain amount of water back into the deep mantle of eastern China by plate subduction. Such recycled crustal materials have not only created a local water-rich zone, but have also introduced crustal geochemical signatures into the mantle, both accounting for crustal geochemical imprints in the intra-plate magmatic rocks of eastern China. 相似文献
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During the period August 17-28, 2001, in collaboration with the Provincial Bureau of Oceanography & Fisheries of Guangdong and the South China Institute for Endangered Species, the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, a CAS affiliate in the city of Guangzhou, conducted a sea turtle satellite tracking project at Haigui Bay (Fig. 1) in the vicinity of Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province. 相似文献