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1.
龙梅 《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2011,27(3):1-3
儿茶酚胺(CAs)类物质主要包括肾上腺素(E),去甲肾上腺素(NE),异丙肾上腺素和多巴胺(DA).人们对此类物质的分析研究始于20世纪40年代,早期的测定方法主要是三羟基吲哚法和乙二胺缩合法,随着分析科学的蓬勃发展以及对儿茶酚胺研究的深入,国内外很多研究者开始将前期分离与后期检测步骤结合,开发出了一系列高效、高选择性... 相似文献
2.
目的:研究去甲肾上腺素(NE)对豚鼠心室乳头肌动作电位的影响.方法:采用玻璃微电极细胞内引导技术,记录离体豚鼠心室乳头肌动作电位,在此基础上,观察NE对豚鼠心室乳头肌动作电位的影响及酚妥拉明的拮抗作用.结果:100μmol/L NE可使乳头肌动作电位时程(APD)明显延长(P<0.05),动作电位复极50%和90%时间(APD50 and APD90)明显延长(P<0.05).而100μmol/L酚妥拉明可使延长的APD、APD50、APD90明显恢复.结论:去甲肾上腺素可明显延长豚鼠心室乳头肌动作电位时程,而酚妥拉明可阻断此效应. 相似文献
3.
《生物学教学》2007年第3期文章“‘人体稳态’一节常见认识误区甄别”的作者对肾上腺素的认识,我认为有几点失误。另还有一处不妥,也一并拿来谈谈。(1)该文认为“前者是由肾上腺髓质部分分泌的,属固醇类激素;后者则由肾上腺皮质部分分泌,属氨基酸衍生物(原文照抄)”。此为不妥。因为肾上腺髓质分泌的激素是肾上腺素(E或A)和去甲肾上腺素(NE或NA),都属儿茶酚胺类激素,即氨基酸衍生物。肾上腺素合成途径为:酪氨酸→多巴胺→去甲肾上腺素→肾上腺素。肾上腺皮质束状带细胞分泌的糖皮质激素在人主要是皮质醇,其次是皮质酮,属固醇类,其合成原… 相似文献
4.
采用电沉积的方式将纳米金固载在玻碳电极表面,制得纳米金修饰玻碳电极(NG/GCE)。研究了去甲肾上腺素(NE)在NG/GCE的电化学行为,发现NG/GCE不仅对NE有良好的催化和富集作用,而且能将NE和抗坏血酸(AA)的循环伏安氧化峰很好地区分开,可在抗坏血酸共存下选择性测定NE。 相似文献
5.
杏鲍菇提取液对小鼠小肠推进功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
摘要:观察食用菌——杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii DC.ex Fr.)对小鼠小肠功能的影响.以正常、新斯的明负荷、肾上腺素负荷为研究模型,采用炭末小肠推进试验法.杏鲍菇提取液1次性ig给药12 g.kg-1可显著促进正常小鼠的小肠运动(P<0.05);杏鲍菇提取液对肾上腺素负荷引起小鼠小肠推进抑制有极显著的促进作用(P<0.01);对新斯的明负荷小鼠引起的小肠推进亢进没有明显拮抗作用(P>0.05).杏鲍菇提取液有加强小鼠小肠运动功能的功效. 相似文献
6.
和其它神经递质一样,去甲肾上腺素(norepine phrine,NE)在突触前神经元中合成之后贮存在突触小泡中,当神经冲动达到突触前膜时,NE随突触小泡内其它物质一起被排放到突触间隙.本文讨论的只是NE到达突触后膜后如何识别其受体并与之结合;又通过怎样的中间环节使下一个神经元或效应细胞产生一系列生物学效应的. 相似文献
7.
目的:探讨绝经后妇女2型糖尿病病人性激素水平与糖尿病肾病的关系.方法:测定绝经后27例糖尿病肾病、25例无并发症糖尿病及20例正常绝经后妇女的血清雌二醇(E2)、孕激素(P)、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)和睾酮(T)等水平.结果:绝经后妇女2型糖尿病合并肾病患者E2较正常绝经后妇女显著降低,FSH、LH、T显著增高.结论:绝经后妇女性激素水平变化与2型糖尿病肾病有关. 相似文献
8.
曾小龙 《广东教育学院学报》2006,26(5):84-86
采用改良酚红(PSP)含量测定法,分别以正常、新斯的明负荷、肾上腺素负荷小鼠为实验研究模型,探索双孢蘑菇对小鼠胃排空的影响.结果表明:双孢蘑菇提取液(4.00 g.kg-1)1次性ig给药可显著抑制正常小鼠的胃排空(P<0.01);对肾上腺素负荷小鼠引起的胃排空抑制没有明显的促进作用(P>0.05);对新斯的明负荷小鼠引起的胃排空亢进有显著的拮抗作用(P<0.01). 相似文献
9.
羊肚菌对小鼠小肠推进功能的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
观察食用菌———羊肚菌对小鼠胃肠运动功能的影响.以正常、新斯的明负荷、肾上腺素负荷小鼠为实验研究模型,采用炭末小肠推进试验法.羊肚菌提取液1次性ig给药可显著促进正常小鼠的胃肠运动(P<0.01),且呈现很好的量效关系;羊肚菌提取液对新斯的明负荷小鼠引起的胃肠推进亢进有显著的拮抗作用(P<0.01),对肾上腺素负荷引起的胃肠推进抑制没有明显影响(P>0.05).羊肚菌提取液有加强小鼠小肠运动的功效. 相似文献
10.
松口蘑对小鼠肠胃运动的实验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
观察食用菌———松口蘑对小鼠胃肠运动功能的影响.以正常、新斯的明负荷、肾上腺素负荷及脾虚小鼠为实验研究模型,采用炭末小肠推进试验法和体征、体重评估法.松口蘑提取液1次性ig给药可显著促进正常小鼠的胃肠运动(P<0 01),且呈现很好的量效关系;松口蘑提取液对新斯的明负荷小鼠引起的胃肠推进亢进有显著的拮抗作用(P<0.01),对肾上腺素负荷引起的胃肠推进抑制有明显影响(P<0.05);松口蘑提取液可明显改善脾虚模型小鼠的体征,使脾虚模型小鼠的体重有一定的增加,但不能抑制脾虚小鼠的胃肠运动(P>0.05),不能使脾虚小鼠的肠胃运动趋于正常;松口蘑的急性毒性很小.松口蘑提取液能增加小鼠肠胃运动功能的功效. 相似文献
11.
He LI Xiao-qing MA Fan YE Jing ZHANG Xin ZHOU Zhi-hong WANG Yu-ming LI Guo-yuan ZHANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(3)
Evidence suggests that the deterioration of communication between the sympathetic nervous system and cardiovas-cular system always accompanies the aging of human and animals. Cardiac sympathetic norepinephrine (NE) transporter (NET) on presynaptic membrane is a predominant component to eliminate released NE in the synaptic cleff and maintains the sensitivity of the β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR). In the present study, we investigated NET and β1-AR mRNA levels and sympathetic nerve density in cardiac sympathetic ganglion and leff ventricular myocardium in 2- and 16-month-old rats with Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of NET mRNA, NET protein and β1-AR mRNA in the ganglia or myocardia of 16-month-old rats were markedly reduced by 67%, 26%, and 43%, respectively, in comparison with those in 2-month-old rats. Our results also show that aging induces a strong decrease of the catecholaminergic nerve fiber density. 相似文献
12.
He Li Xiao-qing Ma Fan Ye Jing Zhang Xin Zhou Zhi-hong Wang Yu-ming Li Guo-yuan Zhang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(3):203-210
Evidence suggests that the deterioration of communication between the sympathetic nervous system and cardiovascular system
always accompanies the aging of human and animals. Cardiac sympathetic norepinephrine (NE) transporter (NET) on presynaptic
membrane is a predominant component to eliminate released NE in the synaptic cleft and maintains the sensitivity of the β-adrenergic
receptor (β-AR). In the present study, we investigated NET and β1-AR mRNA levels and sympathetic nerve density in cardiac
sympathetic ganglion and left ventricular myocardium in 2- and 16-month-old rats with Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry.
The expression levels of NET mRNA, NET protein and β1-AR mRNA in the ganglia or myocardia of 16-month-old rats were markedly reduced by 67%, 26%, and 43%, respectively, in comparison
with those in 2-month-old rats. Our results also show that aging induces a strong decrease of the catecholaminergic nerve
fiber density.
Project supported by the Postdoctoral Fellow Foundation of the Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai (No. 98–10) and
the Natural Science Foundation of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force (Nos. WKH2006-5 and WKH2008ZO4), China 相似文献
13.
Jian-xiang Liu Min-ying Zhu Ci-yuan Feng Hai-bin Ding Ying Zhan Zhan Zhao Yue-min Ding 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(7):593-601
Senile dementia (SD) is a syndrome characterized by progressive neurological deterioration. Treatment for the disease is still under investigation. Bamboo leaf extract (B-extract) has been known for its biological efficacy in anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities. However, study on B-extract for its protection against dementia is very limited. The effect of B-extract on a rat model with SD was examined. B-extract improved spatial learning ability of the dementia rats. The hippocampus of dementia model rats showed reduced levels of acetylcholine (ACh), epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA), and increased activities of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). Treatment with B-extract 20 mg/(kg·d) for 7 weeks significantly inhibited the enzyme activity compared with untreated dementia rats, and raised the levels of ACh, E, and DA in the hippocampus. In addition, treatment with B-extract elevated the level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but reduced the level of glutamate (Glu) in the brain. These data suggest that B-extract might be a potential drug in treating impairment of spatial memory in dementia rats by regulating the central neurotransmitter function. 相似文献
14.
Severe Violence During Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Its Relation to Anticipated Rewards and Costs 
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下载免费PDF全文 This report compares the effects (concurrent and lagged) of the anticipated rewards and costs of violent crime on engagement in severe violence in a sample of male juvenile offenders (N = 1,170; 42.1% black, 34.0% Hispanic, 19.2% white, and 4.6% other; ages 14–18 at baseline). Anticipated rewards (social approval, thrill) are more predictive of concurrent severe violence than are anticipated costs (social disapproval, risk of punishment). The analysis finds no evidence that perceptions of the rewards and costs of violent crime influence engagement in severe violence 6 months later. The results support the view that adolescence is a time of heightened reward salience but raise doubt about the longitudinal predictive validity of perceptions about crime during this time of life. 相似文献
15.
OBJECTIVE: This paper examines whether exposure to interparental violence in childhood predicts subsequent involvement in interpartner violence and violent crime after controlling for potentially confounding factors. METHOD: The investigation analyses data from the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a prospective, longitudinal study of a birth cohort of over 1000 New Zealand young adults studied at multiple assessment points from birth to the age of 25. RESULTS: After controlling for potentially confounding risk factors, observed associations between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and increased risks of both (a) psychological interpartner violence perpetration and victimization and (b) violent crime, were reduced to statistical non-significance. No statistically significant associations were observed between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and increased risk of physical interpartner violence perpetration or victimization. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the effects of childhood exposure to interparental violence on subsequent interpartner violence are weak and largely explained by the psychosocial context within which childhood exposure to interparental violence occurs. 相似文献
16.
David Finkelhor Jennifer Vanderminden Heather Turner Anne Shattuck Sherry Hamby 《Child abuse & neglect》2014
This paper assesses how many children and youth have had exposure to programs aimed at preventing various kinds of violence perpetration and victimization. Based on a national sample of children 5–17, 65% had ever been exposed to a violence prevention program, 55% in the past year. Most respondents (71%) rated the programs as very or somewhat helpful. Younger children (5–9) who had been exposed to higher quality prevention programs had lower levels of peer victimization and perpetration. But the association did not apply to older youth or youth exposed to lower quality programs. Disclosure to authorities was also more common for children with higher quality program exposure who had experienced peer victimizations or conventional crime victimizations. The findings are consistent with possible benefits from violence prevention education programs. However, they also suggest that too few programs currently include efficacious components. 相似文献
17.
陈习知 《延安教育学院学报》2006,20(1):48-49,56
近年来大学生暴力犯罪现象逐年增加,犯罪的性质越来越严重,并且成为干扰校园秩序和社会秩序的突出问题。只有摸清当前大学生暴力犯罪的主要特点、产生原因,才能及时制定其预防措施,以期减少和遏制大学生的暴力犯罪。 相似文献
18.
采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）对1182名劳教人员进行测试,发现劳教人员有其独特的人格特征,是影响其犯罪的心理原因;不同职业、受教育程度与罪错类型的劳教人员之间存在人格差异。 相似文献
19.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to illuminate gender differences in adolescent delinquency against a backdrop of childhood exposure to both marital violence and physical child abuse. Specifically, analyses were performed to trace the unique effects of exposure to either form of family violence (marital or child) on the violent and nonviolent delinquency of boys and girls. METHOD: This is a prospective study of 299 children who were interviewed with their mothers in 1991 about forms of abuse in the family. Approximately 5 years later a search of juvenile court records was performed for these same children. Details on the nature of the crimes were collected. Outcome variables included: (1) whether there was ever an arrest; and (2) whether there was ever an arrest for a violent crime. RESULTS: Preliminary analyses indicated no gender differences in overall referral rates to juvenile court, although boys were more likely than girls to be referred for property, felony, and violent offenses. Exposure to marital violence in childhood predicted referral to juvenile court. Girls with a history of physical child abuse were arrested for violent offenses more than boys with similar histories, but the context of violent offenses differed dramatically by gender: Nearly all referrals for a violent offense for girls were for domestic violence. CONCLUSIONS: Although boys and girls share similar family risk factors for delinquency, girls are more likely than boys to be arrested for violent offenses in the aftermath of child physical abuse. These findings suggest that it takes more severe abuse to prompt violence in girls than is necessary to explain boys' violent offending. 相似文献
20.
目的:了解监狱服刑人员的心理状况及其相关因素,为教育改造服刑人员提供心理学依据。方法:采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、自编一般情况调查表,对河南省某监狱395例男性服刑人员进行评定。结果:(1)服刑人员的焦虑和抑郁水平普遍高于全国常模;(2)抑郁和焦虑总分与文化程度、收入水平、子女个数显著相关;(3)家庭住址、文化程度、不同职业和已服刑期在抑郁和焦虑水平上存在显著差异。结论:服刑人员的心理健康存在明显异常,应加强心理咨询和疏导。 相似文献