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It is often argued that small–medium enterprises (SMEs) do not manage knowledge the same way as large firms, but may need appropriate approaches to capture and exploit external knowledge effectively. This paper compares two opposite approaches to knowledge management (KM): one is called ‘deliberate’ or ‘planned’, and the other ‘emergent’. These approaches are analysed with reference to the management of knowledge pertaining to client–supplier relationships, which are particularly important in the case of small companies providing knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). A case study of a small KIBS company is illustrated, which has developed two different projects, based on different approaches to KM, for managing knowledge referring to clients. The case shows that, for a small company, an emergent approach to KM can be more suitable than a deliberate one for managing such knowledge. The implications of this result for KM research and practice are then examined. 相似文献
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The paper aims at analysing the relationship between the market extension of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) and their knowledge management strategies. The literature emphasizes the strong relationship existing between KIBS and their customers in terms of innovation process and knowledge creation. We argue that the knowledge management strategies – in terms of knowledge codification, personalization, and knowledge creation – implemented by a KIBS is related to their geographical market extension. A quantitative approach is developed based on more than 150 Italian KIBS specializing in design and communication. The paper enriches the research framework concerning KIBS by emphasizing also the role of partners other than customers in KIBS’ knowledge management strategies. 相似文献
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《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2019,30(2):100353
The objective of this study is to explore how mobile payment services can be used to assists in co-creating value for both consumers and merchants from the view of service-dominant logic (S-D logic). This study adopts the view of S-D logic by considering mobile payment an application of technology by which both consumers and merchants integrate their own operant and operand resources to accomplish payment task and thus create desirable value. It builds a conceptual framework to describe such a value co-creation process by applying the expectancy-value theory as a mediation between customers' resources and value created, and by using task-technology fit as a mediation between merchants' resources and value created. In this way, a value co-creation between consumers and merchants can possibly be achieved. No past studies have been found to combine S-D logic with the extant theories to describe mobile payment use behavior. The framework this study builds, therefore, becomes the major contributions of this study. 相似文献
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The sector of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) has a central role in modern economies. However, there are no explicit and generally acknowledged criteria for characterising KIBS or other knowledge-intensive organisations. In addition, the concept of knowledge-intensity has no significant managerial use. This paper aims to widen the existing understanding about the concept of knowledge-intensity and take a step towards its operational application and managerial usefulness. Methodologically, two steps are carried out. First, a conceptual study based on intellectual capital literature and literature on knowledge-intensive firms is carried out. Second, an interview study (n=8) is carried out to empirically examine the role of knowledge assets in selected KIBS organisations. This paper contributes by tackling the vagueness of the concept of knowledge-intensity: the paper demonstrates that there are different types of ‘knowledge-intensity profiles’ among KIBS companies and that knowledge assets can be used as an analytical framework to identify the sources of value creation. 相似文献
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This paper explores a case of knowledge-intensive consumer services (KICS). Services have become less neglected in the economics of technical change and innovation studies in general; nevertheless, the advance of this agenda has been uneven. A significant emphasis has been on knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). Despite their direct impact on social needs and individual desires, innovation in consumer-oriented services continues to be relatively under-theorized and under-researched. This paper brings into focus the sources and patterns of innovation in those innovative services that target human satisfaction and well-being as a final goal. We show evidence from a little-explored health industry, oral care. We address Malo Clinic, a company specialized in the most complex patient situations and a rare instance of an internationalized firm in the health services business. On the basis of a 20-year thread of corporate history, we find that a wide array of qualitative (interviews, newspaper coverage, marketing material) and quantitative evidence (papers, patents, trademarks) illuminates some of the features that may characterize a particular class of dynamic activities tending to consumers’ needs, expectations and quality of life. We argue that these key characteristics may be on course to become more general as the learning economy spreads to fully embrace the realm of the service sphere. One conclusion is that both the technological and non-technological capabilities underpinning more types of innovation are increasingly becoming coupled in consumer-relevant services. 相似文献
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郭大勇 《科技成果管理与研究》2010,(2):83-86,97
加入WTO,我国发展市场经济的步伐明显加快,在这样的市场背景下,电力市场的变化给供电公司带来了前所未有的挑战,供电公司必须转变经营理念,开展市场营销活动。实现企业的可持续发展。本文从电力公司市场营销的必要性出发,详细分析了电力市场的供求状况,分析了公司内在的优势与劣势和环境带来的机遇与威胁,并重点提出从产品、服务、品牌、价格四个方面入手,制定科学的市场营销策略。 相似文献
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Business services as actors of knowledge transformation: the role of KIBS in regional and national innovation systems 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
Over the last years, there has been a significant increase in the attention paid to the activities of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). KIBS produce and diffuse knowledge, which is crucial for innovation processes. The paper gives an overview of the role and function of KIBS in innovation systems and their knowledge production, transformation and diffusion activities. Focusing on innovation interactions between manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and KIBS, the empirical analyses grasps KIBS position in five regional contexts. The analysis leads to the conclusion that innovation activities link SMEs and KIBS through the process of knowledge generation and diffusion. 相似文献
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How do knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) protect their inventions from imitation by rival firms when choosing among various protection mechanisms? Data from the 2003 Statistics Canada Innovation Survey on services are used to investigate this issue by looking into complementarities, substitution and independence among eight protection mechanisms. A Multivariate Probit (MVP) model is estimated to take into account the fact that KIBS simultaneously consider many alternative intellectual property (IP) protection methods when they attempt to protect their innovations. Results show that patents, registration of design patterns, trademarks, secrecy and lead-time advantages over competitors constitute legal and informal methods that are used jointly. These complementarities suggest that IP protection mechanisms that are interdependent and reinforce each other to protect innovations from imitation by rival firms constitute a pattern on which firms rely to protect their innovations from imitation. A second pattern is based on the fact that KIBS rely on patents and complexity of designs as substitutes, and tend to use registration of design patterns and complexity of designs as substitutes in protecting their innovations from imitation. A third emerging pattern concerns protection mechanisms that are independent from each other and exhibit no synergy, and do not reinforce each other to protect innovations from imitation by other firms. 相似文献
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Modularity and innovation in knowledge-intensive business services: IT outsourcing in Germany and the UK 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Drawing on an empirical study of IT outsourcing in the UK and Germany, this paper explores the lessons for modularity that can be drawn from the outsourcing of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). Because of the inseparability of information and production technologies, IT outsourcing is frequently accompanied by wider transformations in clients’ production technologies. This results in the need for knowledge and organisational coordination in the form of the transfer of staff from the client and the retained IT organisation. Modularity is often presented as a design strategy that stimulates innovation. Our research findings challenge the generalisability of this claim when examining KIBS outsourcing. We show that intangibility of services exacerbates the conflicts between clients and suppliers, which may present obstacles to innovation. 相似文献
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This paper evaluates the use of sales information systems (SIS) in the UK financial services sector. The study is based on a quantitative survey of a sample of sales and marketing managers in banks, building societies and insurance companies. Seventy-two usable responses were received and our analysis reveals that the systems that have been adopted are being used to provide information for little more than mailing lists. Further, the aspirations for our respondents for further data capture and analysis are low—such that their overarching goals of improving customer retention, customer relationships, and customer acquisition are unlikely to be achieved. This mismatch between our respondent's data capture and their strategic goals is associated with the further finding that our respondents place more importance on technical barriers to implementing SIS—such as fragmented market and sales information, high cost of development and poor data quality—as compared to the lowered importance placed on organizational barriers. Importantly, the latter barriers have been recognized in the literature as the true barriers to achieving the strategic potential of marketing information. We argue that the future promise of sophisticated use of the capabilities of current SIS is thus likely to be compromised, due to the lack of awareness, amongst our respondents, of the criticality of organizational and strategic barriers. 相似文献
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The paper analyses the activity of research for “innovation knowledge”—here defined as knowledge that can lead to the introduction of service innovations—by Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) companies. It proposes a classification of the possible search approaches adopted by those companies based on two dimensions: the pro-activity of search efforts and the source primarily used. Such classification is then discussed on the basis of the findings of a multiple case-study investigation involving 15 Italian and Polish KIBS companies. The study confirms that KIBS firms follow various approaches to acquire knowledge for innovation: some companies adopt a passive behaviour (i.e. innovative ideas come as a kind of side effect of their daily business activities), while others an active one (namely, they actively search for new ideas originating from various sources); some rely more on internal resources (employees, in-house R&D, internal documents, etc.), while others on external sources (clients, suppliers, service providers, universities, etc.). The results of the study have implications both for research and management that are discussed in the conclusions. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2019,48(7):1633-1646
Drawing on data from an original survey of UK and US publicly traded knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) firms, we investigate what types of KIBS firms collaborate with universities and consider the collaboration important for their innovation. First, we find that science-based KIBS firms (those engaged in a science, technology, and innovation [STI] mode of organizational learning), like science-based manufacturing firms, are active collaborators with universities for innovation. This relationship is further enhanced if these firms also provide highly customized services. Second, in contrast to the existing literature suggesting that firms engaged in a doing, using, and interacting (DUI) mode of organizational learning do not regard collaboration with universities as important for their innovation, we find that KIBS firms engaged in a DUI mode of organizational learning and offering highly customized services are active collaborators with universities for innovation, despite the fact that they may not possess highly formalized scientific knowledge. These findings suggest that KIBS firms co-create knowledge with universities differently than manufacturing firms. Moreover, the findings highlight the wide variety of roles that KIBS firms play in innovation networks with universities. 相似文献
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The affluent markets of developed countries have become very competitive. Therefore, companies are trying to explore market opportunities at the segment of low-income people termed as “Bottom of the Pyramid” (BOP). With the proliferation in popularity and reduction in the price of smartphones, there is a potential market opportunity for smartphone producing companies at the BOP segment. The companies need to identify the factors influencing smartphone adoption at the BOP in order to explore this market opportunity. The current study extends the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with “Perceived Monetary Value” to investigate the antecedents of smartphone adoption at the BOP. Empirical analysis has shown that “Performance Expectancy” (PE), “Effort Expectancy” (EE), “Social Influence” (SI), and “Perceived Monetary Value” (PMV) predict the “Behavioral Intention” (BI), and BI and “Facilitating Conditions” (FC) predict the “Use Behavior” (UB). Findings from this study can be used by the managers of the companies targeting the BOP segment in pricing, marketing, and product-specific decision-making process. The policymakers can also analyze the results of this study for successful implementation and delivery of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based services for the BOP segment. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2020,57(5):102220
Marketing professionals face challenges of increasing complexity to adapt classic marketing strategies to the phenomenon of social networks. Companies are currently trying to take advantage of the useful collective knowledge available on social networks to support different types of marketing decisions. The appropriate analysis of this information can offer marketing professionals with important competitive advantages. This work proposes a new methodology to extract the social collective behavior of Twitter users concerning a group of brands based on the users’ temporal activity. Time series of mentions made by individual users to each company’s Twitter account are aggregated to obtain collective activity data for the companies, which is a consequence of both the company’s and other users’ actions. These data are processed using classical unsupervised machine learning techniques, such as temporal clustering and hidden Markov models, to extract collective temporal behavior patterns and models of the dynamics of customers over time for a single brand and groups of brands. The derived knowledge can be used for different tasks, such as identifying the impact of a marketing campaign on Twitter and comparatively assessing the social behaviors of different brands and groups of brands to assist in making marketing decisions. Our methodology is validated in a case study from the wine market. Twitter data were gathered from four regions of different countries around the world with important wineries (Italy: Veneto, Portugal: Porto and Douro Valley, Spain: La Rioja, and United States: Napa Valley), and comparative behavior analysis was carried out from the perspective of the use of Twitter as a communication channel for marketing campaigns. 相似文献
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本文基于资源观、资源依赖理论和知识观,剖析制造企业－知识型服务机构互动作用于制造企业运营绩效的机理与路径。通过多元线性回归分析与结构方程模型分析发现：资源重组与资源重置在制造企业－知识型服务机构互动与运营绩效之间发挥中介作用;当制造企业与知识型服务机构进行互补型互动时,资源重组的中介作用要优于资源重置;当制造企业与知识型服务机构进行辅助型互动时,资源重置的中介作用要优于资源重组。本文的理论贡献在于剖析资源到竞争优势的作用机制,明确制造企业－知识型服务机构互动、资源重组、资源重置、运营绩效之间的内在联系,实践意义在于制造企业应该如何通过与知识型服务机构互动促进其资源重组与重置,以此来提升运营绩效。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2022,59(1):102762
Business is based on manufacturing, purchasing, selling a product, and earning or making profits. Social media analytics collect and analyze data from various social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Social media data analysis can help companies identify consumer desires and preferences, improve customer service and market analytics on social networks, and smarter product development and marketing investments. The business decision-making process is a step-by-step process that enables employees to resolve challenges by weighing evidence, evaluating possible solutions, and selecting a route. In this paper, Big Data-assisted Social Media Analytics for Business (BD-SMAB) Model increases awareness and affects decision-makers in marketing strategies. Companies can use big data analytics in many ways to enhance management. It can evaluate its competitors in real-time and change prices, make deals better than its competitors' sales, analyze competitors' unfavorable feedback and see if they can outperform that competitor. The proposed method examines social media analysis impacts on different areas such as real estate, organizations, and beauty trade fairs. This diversity of these companies shows the effects of social media and how positive decisions can be developed. Take better marketing decisions and develop a strategic approach. As a result, the BD-SMAB method enhance customer satisfaction and experience and develop brand awareness. 相似文献
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The special and limited nature of the world market for non-chemical milk analysers appears to have led to a condition of duopoly, with a British firm, Grubb Parsons, competing with a Danish firm, Foss Electric, originally differing technologies, infra-red in the first case, light scatter in the second.Over the 15 years spanned by the two case histories the two firms competed in classical duopolistic style, making quite rapid technical progress spurred on by the competition of the one with the other, and aiming at the same potential customers. An important difference between the two, however, was that the infra-red Instrument was ‘technology push’, and failed at the outset to satisfy ‘user needs’, and needed extensive adaptation. The light scatter or turbimetric instrument was designed with the user in mind and was comparatively simple as a consequence, although it, too, needed adaptation as user needs changed over time, from a requirement to measure fat or total solids content in milk, to a need to measure protein as well.Because of the smaller size and independence of Foss as compared with Grubb Parsons, a subsidiary of a large engineering group, the former was able to adopt a more flexible organisation structure, decentralised and ‘organic’, in the Burns and Stalker terminology, and more marketing oriented - all plus factors according to previous research in this field. While both companies showed themselves strongly innovative, and therefore competitive, Foss took greater risks and won bigger returns. They collaborated closely with users and generally showed shorter ‘lead times’ than their rival. 相似文献