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1.
A number of studies over decades have examined determinants of educational expectations. However, even among the subset of
quantitative studies, there is considerable variation in the methods used to operationally define and analyze expectations.
Using a systematic literature review and several regression methods to analyze Latino students’ educational expectations,
this study presents significantly different results based on important, but often overlooked, methodological choices. Broad
implications of these findings are discussed for individual higher education research projects, for a body of literature as
a whole, and for multiple stakeholders in various phases of the research process. 相似文献
2.
Sue Butterfield 《Cambridge Journal of Education》1998,28(1):9-20
The Dearing reviews of 1993 (the National Curriculum and its assessment) and 1996 (Qualifications for 16‐19 year olds) have created the context for a renewed discussion of educational ‘flexibility’ and ‘choice’. This article seeks particularly to analyse ‘choice’ within the educational and wider social contexts and to identify how far the conditions for choice exist. It suggests three main areas of difficulty: (1) contradictions in education policy, which is a site of contestation rather than coherence at a national level, and provides therefore an unstable context for choices; (2) ambivalence in the social context, in so far as ‘autonomy’ is now both the goal of education and also a prerequisite for access to education; (3) specific characteristics of educational provision which offer limited evidence of the capacity to adapt to the kinds of support and guidance for ‘choice’ which are the pre‐requisites of any meaningful implementation of the Dearing proposals. 相似文献
3.
In this study of the meanings of education and learning in people's lives, educational generations in Finland were investigated. The analysis is based on Karl Mannheim's concept and theory of social generation. This approach resulted in the differentiation of four educational cohorts living in contemporary Finnish society, three of which provided distinct core life experiences and educational experiences for analysis. These are: the war generation with scant education (born before 1935); the generation of structural change with growing educational opportunities (born 1936–55) and the welfare generation with many educational choices (born after 1955). This article, reviews the characteristics of these generations, and analyses the dynamics of their educational courses and experiences. It is concluded that their core experiences of education can be summarized in two basic narratives: the narrative of national culture and that of economic structural change. Finally, it is argued that such generational change reflects the more general rationalization of Western culture and society. Based on this argumentation, the future of adult education based on the application of Weberian social theory and its conceptions of material and formal rationality are considered. 相似文献
4.
Elias Hemelsoet 《Educational theory》2011,61(6):659-669
In this article Elias Hemelsoet questions the way irregular migrants are approached in educational policymaking. In most cases, estimations of the number of irregular migrants serve—despite large methodological problems—as a starting point for policymaking. Given the very diverse composition of this group of people, the question is whether residence status is an appropriate benchmark for dealing with the social problems related to these people. There seems to be a homogenizing tendency at work that reduces the complexity of irregular migration. Preferable distinctions are overlooked or even denied. Inclusive education seems to provide an alternative that does not reduce individuals to a group they belong to, claiming that differences only matter at the individual level. The question is whether such an approach entails a new form of homogenization. Using the case of Roma people, Hemelsoet argues here that group differences do matter for educational practice, theory, and policy. Qualitative data on the social practices of groups can help provide insight into the particularity of situations. This “insight” or “understanding,” in its turn, is a requirement in order for policymakers to make well‐considered choices. 相似文献
5.
在近期美国联邦教育计划中，择校制度已成为基础教育改革中引人注目的话题。美国的择校制度，旨在改革传统公立教育的体制和管理方式，从过去的“科层行政管理模式”转化为“经济市场调节模式”，从而打破公立学校的垄断局面，为广大家长和学生提供更多的自由选择权利，以最终达到提高教育效益与教育质量，实现教育公平的目的。 相似文献
6.
Hanne Moeller Andersen Lars Brian Krogh Eva Lykkegaard 《Research in Science Education》2014,44(3):439-460
Students' images of science and scientists are generally assumed to influence their related subject choices and aspirations for tertiary education within science and technology. Several research studies have shown that many young people hold rather stereotypical images of scientists, making it hard for them to see themselves as future scientists. Adolescents' educational choices are important aspects of their identity work, and recent theories link individual choice to the perceived match between self and prototypical persons associated with that choice. In the present study, we have investigated images of scientists among the segment of the upper secondary school students (20 % of the cohort) from which future Danish scientists are recruited. Their images were rather realistic, only including vague and predominantly positive stereotypical ideas. With a particular Science-and-Me (SAM) interview methodology, we inquired into the match between self- and prototypical-scientists (N?=?30). We found high perceived similarity within a core of epistemological characteristics, while dissimilarities typically related to a social domain. However, combining interview data with survey data, we found no significant statistical relation between prototype match and aspirations for tertiary education within science and technology. Importantly, the SAM dialogue revealed how students negotiate perceived differences, and we identified four negotiation patterns that all tend to reduce the impact of mismatches on educational aspirations. Our study raises questions about methodological issues concerning the traditional use of self-to-prototype matching as an explanatory model of educational choice. 相似文献
7.
Julie Matthews 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2013,40(2):155-171
A remarkable feature of the sociology of education is its proliferation under a broad gamut of research themes and topics. Understanding the relationship of education to social reproduction and social change are pivotal to the sociology of education, and have fruitfully informed research in fields such as gender and education, vocational education and lifelong learning, policy sociology in education, cultural sociology of education, literacy, social justice and education, globalisation and education. Tracking the historical trajectory of the sociology of education in Australia, this article underlines the productivity of educational research and methodological advances in the fields of gender, literacy, and policy. It also points to the failure of the sociology of education and educational research to engage with the education system’s complicity in reproducing Indigenous and ethnic disadvantage. I argue for an sociology of education along lines envisaged by Emile Durkheim who recognised the importance of understanding education systems past and present, so that educators might comprehend the relationship of education to social change. New theories, methodologies and fields of education play an important role in informing understandings of contemporary education. However, if education and educational research are to inform social futures, they require an educational imagination able to account for achievements and deficiencies; an educational imagination able to undertake theoretical deliberations about the social and material conditions, struggles and occlusions that have and continue to constitute the purpose and practice of education. 相似文献
8.
《Ethnography and Education》2013,8(1):107-120
This article draws on an ongoing ethnography of distributed medical education (DME) provision in Canada in order to explore the methodological choices of the researchers as well as the wider pluralisation of ethnographic frameworks that is reflected within current research literature. The article begins with a consideration of the technologically mediated ways in which the researchers do their work, a way of work that is paralleled within the DME curriculum that forms the focus of the ethnography. The article goes on to problematise relationships amongst the researchers and between the researchers and the field of research, and to consider the ways in which methodological choices are mediated. In so doing, the article proposes an acceptance of methodological pluralism that is tempered by the need to acknowledge the sometimes-slight differences that distinguish ethnographic paradigms. 相似文献
9.
This article describes two young Norwegian ethnic-minority girls in their efforts to involve social networks and to position themselves as learners in the transition between lower and upper secondary school. The article explores how they experience future possibilities represented by education and how they use resources in negotiating their everyday lives. We use the concept of social gendered positional identities to study how educational choices are individually and collectively formed and enacted in these girls’ everyday figured worlds. The study builds on ethnographic data collected by following two classmates across multiple settings over two years. We develop biographical cases to demonstrate how cultural factors relevant to learning emerged in particular contexts. The article concludes that gendered positions and choices made in educational transitions are connected and that meta-reflections on personal identity can help students to make decisions about the future. 相似文献
10.
廉洁的内涵与廉洁教育的策略 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
廉洁是指向社会公共利益和正义价值的一种道德情操和道德行为,其内涵可概括为：公利至上、公平正直、公开透明、遵守法纪和具有政治修养等。廉洁的内涵决定了廉洁教育的目标与方向,也决定了廉洁教育的策略。廉洁教育的具体目标是：使受教育者趋向注重公利、讲求公正、乐意公开、自觉守法和具有政治修养。廉洁教育的策略是系统安排和重点选择教育内容,着力启发和培养受教育者的同情心,与政治教育相结合,与职业操守训练相结合。 相似文献
11.
The concept of the 'knowledge economy' is increasingly used to underpin education policy in developed countries. In Australia, it has been applied to post-compulsory education policy, with efforts to increase retention in senior secondary education and reform of vocational education in the senior years. The article draws on two research projects with senior secondary schools. Many students (and their teachers and parents) perceived qualifications not so much as providing the knowledge considered necessary by government policy for the contemporary economy, but rather as a 'screen' used by employers to sort and select. Knowledge of opportunity structures and access to resources, while not only defined by social class, operated to create differential access to available choices in the educational market place. Despite ongoing inequality, the article argues that the hope many students expressed in relation to education can be fulfilled in practice. 相似文献
12.
近年来,大学生就业难使教育投资风险凸现。本文选取中部地区湖南省的部分县市作为调查样本区域,针对就业难对农村家庭的教育选择意愿的影响实施了田野调查,并运用三阶段Logit模型进行实证分析。研究表明,大学生就业难总体上降低了农村家庭的教育投资意愿,对就业风险的预期使农村的弱势家庭以及欠发达社区农村家庭面临着更大的选择困境。一方面,预算约束使部分农村弱势家庭有放弃子女教育的意愿,另一方面,在没有更好选择的情况下部分弱势家庭的教育意愿又非常高。由于经济机会的缺乏,欠发达地区的家庭更愿意通过上大学来改变子女的命运,这就是教育致贫产生的根源。当前,需要通过有效的补偿和保障机制加以解决。 相似文献
13.
This paper argues that globalisation has implications for research and theory in the social sciences, demanding that the social no longer be seen as homologous with nation, but also linked to postnational or global fields. This situation has theoretical and methodological implications for comparative education specifically focused on education policy, which traditionally has taken the nation-state as the unit of analysis, and also worked with ‘methodological nationalism’. The paper argues that globalisation has witnessed a rescaling of educational politics and policymaking and relocated some political authority to an emergent global education policy field, with implications for the functioning of national political authority and national education policy fields. This rescaling and this reworking of political authority are illustrated through two cases: the first is concerned with the impact of a globalised policy discourse of the ‘knowledge economy’ proselytised by the OECD and its impact in Australian policy developments; the second is concerned explicitly with the constitution of a global education policy field as a commensurate space of equivalence, as evidenced in the OECD’s PISA and educational indicators work and their increasing global coverage. The paper indicatively utilises Bourdieu’s ‘thinking tools’ to understand the emergent global education policy field and suggests these are very useful for doing comparative education policy analysis. 相似文献
14.
Carolyn Jackson Corresponding author Moray Bisset 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2005,35(2):195-211
This paper explores factors influencing parents' choices of single‐sex or co‐educational schools in the independent sector. In doing so, it explores two relatively under‐researched aspects of school choice by focusing upon gender and upon the middle classes. The paper draws upon research conducted in three independent schools—a boys' school, a girls' school and a co‐educational school. Data were generated via questionnaires (225 responses) and semi‐structured interviews (15 sets of parents). The findings suggest that the reputation and exam results of schools are key features guiding parents' school choices. However, whether a school is single‐sex or co‐educational is an important factor for many parents. Furthermore, the long‐held view that single‐sex education has advantages (especially academic) for girls, whilst co‐education has advantages (especially social) for boys, still prevails. 相似文献
15.
Framing young people’s educational transitions: the role of local and contemporary economic contexts
Ceryn Evans 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(5):656-670
Despite rates of participation in post-compulsory full-time education reaching approximately 84% in Wales, social class inequalities continue to shape young people’s transitions from compulsory to post-compulsory education. This article draws upon data from a project which explored how young people’s educational decisions and transitions in Wales, UK are influenced by national economic landscapes, the popular narratives framing them and the structure of local employment opportunities. The analyses revealed that young people from similar social class backgrounds, but living in different localities, make very different sorts of transition from compulsory to post-compulsory education; in essence, they are either ‘pushed’ or they ‘jump’ into post-16 education. The article aims overall to contribute both empirically and theoretically to understandings of the complexity of educational decision-making, revealing how class and location intersect to frame decision-making processes, in so doing producing and reproducing educational inequalities. 相似文献
16.
中国教育学研究的发展趋向 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
21世纪初叶的中国教育学研究在各种力量的作用下,呈现出五个方面的变化态势:方法论意义上的复杂科学已越来越多地影响教育的研究乃至对教育的基本看法;教育叙事作为一种研究方法,成为理论界和实践界共同关注的对象;专业界限模糊现象既存在于教育学与其他学科的分界之间,也存在于教育学研究从业者之中;教育理论界热情直面教育实践;本土立场正逐渐回归教育学研究。 相似文献
17.
《Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION》2013,23(3):1-15
ABSTRACT One problem of adult education providers is attracting people to take courses at their institution of learning. Adult educators are aided in this task if they know the factors influencing students' educational choices. The present research determines the factors influencing adult students' choices for a school, a course, and full or part-time attendance. Questionnaire data was collected from 194 students and potential students. The questionnaire asked about their educational choices. The questionnaire data was analyzed to determine the most important factors influencing educational choices. Educational choices are influenced by a number of demographics, psychographics, attitudes to educational programs, and course specific information. The most important influences on educational choices are highlighted when the data is analyzed with LVPLS, Latent Variable Partial Least Squares. 相似文献
18.
Maurice Crul 《European Journal of Education》2018,53(4):481-494
Most educational research examines school outcomes at certain stages or at the final stage of the school career. This article looks at the entire school career and the transition to the labour market. It focuses on key transitions to identify the educational institutional arrangements that either help or hinder school and labour market success among the most disadvantaged groups in the Netherlands: young people of Moroccan and Turkish descent. The Dutch educational system is one of the most complicated school systems in Europe. Consequently, parents and children have to make many ‘choices’ when navigating it. Many of these key ‘choice’ moments are selection points, either because they are not real choices but dependent upon a teacher’s recommendation or because parents and pupils need a great deal of information about the school system in order to make a choice. This usually results in inequalities for the most disadvantaged groups. Because selection is disguised as ‘choices’, the structural inequalities of the Dutch school system are not usually perceived as blocking mechanisms for disadvantaged students 相似文献
19.
Eight examples of East Asian economics/societies/educational systems are examined so that common assumptions about links between investment in human resource development and rapid economic growth may be questioned, and so that the role of formal education in enabling, causing, or shaping economic development may be clarified. The role of education is considered at its interface with events and attitudes in the economic, social, and political domains, during the post-World War II period. Particular attention is paid to the three basic levels of education, to the status of technical/vocational education, and to the nature of the curriculum, in each of these societies.
Basing their thinking on key indicators, not only of economic growth, but also of structural changes and development, as well as on data from country-specific chapters in a recent research publication, the authors cite evidence to cast doubt on the idea of a single East Asian model. They conclude that the differences between and within the eight societies are at least as significant as the commonalities, that their data and findings have more implications for economic than for educational policy, and that it would be dangerous to assume that economic growth and development are likely to be constants. 相似文献
20.
全球化背景下的国际高中课程述评——以IB课程、AP课程为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
翁燕文 《宁波教育学院学报》2008,10(4):30-33
I B课程和AP课程是很优秀的国际课程,被全球教育界认可为具有较高学业水准的教育项目,在全球范围内迅速发展壮大,成为国际学生考取国外大学的最理想选择。它们的课程理念先进,强化学生学习领域的拓展,崇尚实践和创新;它们的课程体系完备,基础课程、拓展课程、选修课程,满足学生发展的真实需要。述评这两种课程,研究学习这两种课程,对于思考完善当今国内的高中课程改革很有意义。 相似文献