共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Chris M. Herbst 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(5):901-912
A child care subsidy is one of the most effective policy instruments to facilitate low-income individuals’ transition from welfare to work. Although previous studies consistently find that subsidy receipt is associated with increased employment among single mothers, there is currently no evidence on the influence of these benefits on the decision to invest in human capital. Using data from the Kindergarten cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, this paper examines the impact of child care subsidy receipt on the likelihood of engaging in education and job training activities. We identify the impact of subsidy receipt by exploiting plausibly exogenous geographic variation in the distance that parents must travel from home in order to reach the nearest social service agency that administers the subsidy application process. Results suggest that child care subsidies encourage single mothers to engage in human capital investment. In particular, our instrumental variables estimates imply that subsidy receipt increases the likelihood that a single mother enrolls in courses at a school or university by 13 percentage points and participates in a job training program by 8 percentage points. 相似文献
2.
In this paper, we utilise the British National Child Development Study to explore the determinants of career expectations formed at the age of 16. We analyse the influence of careers advice and resources at school on career expectations as well as the influence of education. In addition, we explore the accuracy of occupational expectations as compared to the occupation that the respondents subsequently become employed in. Throughout our findings, human capital and gender play a pivotal role in explaining career expectations as well as explaining the accuracy of the occupational forecast. Interestingly, the level of school resources available for careers guidance in terms of the number of teachers who are qualified to give careers advice and the amount of specific careers guidance training received by these teachers both have relatively small effects upon career expectations. 相似文献
3.
J G Schroedel 《American annals of the deaf》1991,136(4):330-338
Career development interventions can have positive effects on the career decisions that deaf seniors make before graduating from high school. Interviews with 189 seniors from 16 residential and day high schools revealed their career decisions and their experiences with career development activities. School staff evaluated the seniors' career decisions, career decision-making skills, and probable post-high school placements. The results indicated that seniors who had vocational training were more knowledgeable about their vocational aptitudes than were seniors who had no vocational training. Seniors with vocational training were also more likely to have considered other careers prior to making career decisions. Seniors who had received career counseling were more knowledgeable than those who had not about the skills needed to enter their chosen careers and were more interested in their career choices. More importantly, the amount of interest in one's career choice was determined to be related to ratings of motivation, readiness, and prospects for completing the postsecondary placement. The implications of these results are discussed below for professionals in education and rehabilitation. 相似文献
4.
Anita van Cuyck‐Remijssen Jaap Dronkers 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3):211-220
Abstract This paper focuses on the influence of the sector of education (Catholic, Protestant and public) on the success of their pupils in tertiary education and on the labour market in the Netherlands. In the United States Coleman and Hoffer (1987) could hardly find any differences between the job prospects of pupils of private and public schools, but they did find effects of Catholic secondary education on success in tertiary education. In this study, which is based on longitudinal data of a nationally representative cohort of Dutch primary school leavers in 1965, an analogous comparison is made between the success in tertiary education and the job careers of the pupils who attended Dutch Catholic, Protestant or public secondary education. Differences are found between success in tertiary education and on the labour market of those who attended Catholic, Protestant or public Dutch schools. Pupils of public schools enter the university more often than pupils of private schools and pupils of Catholic schools enter the lower valued tertiary vocational education more often than pupils of Protestant or public schools. Significant effects of school sector were only found for those job characteristics which indicate the kind of job (sector of the job, nature of the job) but not for job characteristics which indicate the level of job. Especially pupils of Protestant schools less often have jobs in the administrative‐financial sector and the medical‐social sector than pupils of non‐Protestant schools. They also less often have jobs which have an exact or social nature. These differences in success in tertiary education and on the labour market are not systematically in favour of the private Catholic and Protestant schools. 相似文献
5.
周传发 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2010,9(3):91-93
高职培养目标与军队技术岗位已形成对接,高职教育与国防教育的相辅相成,以及高职高专院校试点招收国防定向＂士官生＂已成为可能。在此背景下,文章重点对高职高专招收国防＂士官生＂的可行性进行研究和探索。 相似文献
6.
Eighty-six students with mild disabilities living in a rural area who had graduated (n = 52) or dropped out of (n = 34) high school were interviewed at two points in time (7 months apart) about their employment, residential status, and participation in postsecondary education and training programs. Information was also collected on students' high school experiences (educational, vocational, and work) and the reasons they dropped out of school. Of the students who had graduated (Caucasian = 26, black = 25, and other = 1), 31 were male and 21 were female. Of the students who had dropped out (Caucasian = 18, black = 15, and other = 1), 22 were male and 12 female. It was found that the majority of graduates and dropouts were employed full-time at both interviews, and held jobs that paid above minimum wage and provided employee benefits, as well. Nevertheless, by the time of the terminal interview, graduates had worked proportionally more time since high school than dropouts and had been employed in their current job more than twice as long. Neither group of former special education students was particularly active in pursuing postsecondary education or training programs. Finally, these former students had participated in a limited range of educational and vocational experiences during high school, both in terms of diploma tracks and vocational education programs. The implications of the findings for long-term employment and community adjustment are discussed. 相似文献
7.
崔建宁 《江苏经贸职业技术学院学报》2008,(2)
校企合作,订单式培养人才是我国高职教育领域创新观念、创新体制的一项教育改革成果。我院在制冷空调专业人才培养上和企业深度合作,对双方的合作基础、人才培养模式和合作办学意义等方面进行了研究,并积极探索校企合作办学的路径和模式,为高职教育的改革和发展提供了参考和依据。 相似文献
8.
王越 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2014,(12):11-11
具有良好的体系,完备的功能、多元化的方式这就是美国职业教育。美国从事职业教育的学校紧贴社会需求设置课程及时调整专业类别,重在就业的岗位知识和技术技能的培训,学生根据劳动力市场变化需要选择自己的专业方向。当前我国的职业教育发展存在两种不同的取向。一方面人们认为职业教育就是就业教育,另一方面受发达国家职业生涯教育、关键能力等职业教育理念的影响,以及迫于我国现实的就业压力,人们认为职业教育要以人为本,不仅要满足于学生职业生涯规划发展的需要,还要加强职业素质及关键能力的培养,培养具有发展潜力的综合素质较高的高技能人才。 相似文献
9.
浅谈高职院校顶岗实习存在的问题及对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
顶岗实习是高职院校提高学生实践技能的重要途径,是实现零距离就业的必经环节。探讨高职院校顶岗实习中存在的问题及对策,对加强顶岗实习教育与管理,全面做实顶岗实习环节教育教学工作,确保高职院校人才培养质量有重要作用。 相似文献
10.
“中职硕士”:现状、构想与实施 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
“中职硕士”是为中等职业学校教师在职攻读硕士学位而设置的一种新型的职业型学位,旨在培养中等职业学校高层次“双师型”教师,属于目前专业学位教育范畴。我国目前的中职硕士培养尚存在生源差异较大等问题,应借鉴国内外经验,设立一种新的专业学位,即“职业技术教育硕士”。 相似文献
11.
The present study estimates the effect of a one-year preparatory program on the likelihood of completing upper secondary school in Denmark. We identify the effect using discontinuations of the program and add to the literature on multiple unordered treatments by suggesting approximations of the effect against a specific option (here 9th grade). Discontinuation significantly increases enrollment in and completion of high school education for students at the affected margins, which under LATE assumptions translates into a negative effect of the preparatory program. There is no effect on enrollment in and completion of a vocational education. Robustness and placebo analyses suggest that results cannot be explained by violations of LATE assumptions. 相似文献
12.
Geraldine Clarebout Jan Elen Rebecca Léonard Joost Lowyck 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(2):109-125
ABSTRACT This article addresses the labour market effects of two rather different forms of vocational education, full‐time education with practice periods that have no employment status versus dualized education with an emphasis on continuous on‐the‐job/in‐service training and employee status for the apprentice. Although most developed countries know both forms of vocational education, these usually have clearly different positions in a qualitative (standardization of curricula and degrees) and a quantitative (cohort shares) sense. The Netherlands present an interesting case, because in this country both systems coexist and contribute largely to the vocational training of each new generation. That provides a good opportunity for investigating differences in the labour market effects of these ‘treatments’ in vocational education. In this article, differences in labour market careers (i.e. the chances of getting promoted or getting unemployed) between graduates from full‐time vocational education and from the dual system are explored, using event history analysis. The results show that graduates from full‐time tracks have higher chances of getting promoted. However, the period of transition to the labour market is very unstable, involving job shifts and periods of unemployment. Graduates from the dual system on the other hand experience a more stable period of labour market entry. At the same time their careers often involve many dead‐end jobs, from which no promotion takes place. Moreover, they have difficulty in transfering their skills to other sectors than the sector for which they are trained. 相似文献
13.
当前我国高等职业教育在人才培养效果与市场需求之间尚存在系统性偏差,主要原因是由于课程设计和实施效果与需要的差距,使毕业生在就业市场很难满足企业的需求。基于工作过程的项目化课程是目前我国高职教育课程改革最行之有效的方法。温州职业技术学院"三个合一"校内实训基地建设模式为基于工作过程的项目化课程改革提供了有力支撑。在此背景下,提出"教学设计贯穿实践性,教学内容突出应用性,教学方法体现多样性,教学考核满足职业性"的项目化课程教改思路,能够有效提高高职生的岗位技能和职业能力。 相似文献
14.
实现"产销"链接的就业指导模式探究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从探讨高职就业指导的新内涵出发,研究高等职业教育中人才培养模式的创新。通过生物实用技术专业尝试“产销”链接的就业指导的实践,论述了就业指导在构建高等职业教育人才培养模式中的“链接”作用,强调了就业指导创新在高等职业教育中的重要作用。 相似文献
15.
The primary aim of this study, funded by the Department for Education and Skills, was to identify the nature and influence of school‐based factors in the choices of young people about their post‐16 education, training and career pathways. The study also contributes to the wider understanding of ‘choice’, and identifies implications for the development of careers education and guidance and decision‐making awareness amongst pupils and students in schools. It also further enhances the modelling of pupil decision making in education and training markets, and in labour markets. The research is based on a series of qualitative interviews in 24 schools across nine local education authorities. Focus groups were undertaken with young people in years 10, 11 and 12. Interviews were also conducted with head teachers, heads of year and heads of careers. A postal survey of parents was also undertaken. Four key school‐based factors were found to have a very strong influence in the choices and decisions of young people about their post‐16 education, training and career pathways. These were: whether the school had a sixth form or not; the characteristics of school leadership, ethos and values; the socio‐economic status (SES) of the schools' catchment; and the organisation and delivery of careers education and guidance at the school level. In the main, high SES schools see themselves as developing pupils for academic university careers, while low SES schools maintain a rather stronger commitment to vocational pathways. The academic ethos of schools offers a very powerful influence on post‐16 choices and decisions of pupils. The usual interventions put in place to influence choices and decisions appear to have greater impact in schools with a less robust academic vision. 相似文献
16.
The paper analyzes the labor market outcomes of graduates of post-secondary technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in the Philippines. Using household data for 2015–2016, the results show significantly higher wages for TVET graduates relative to those who entered the job market with a secondary school education or below. However, individuals who both trained in TVET and pursued tertiary (university) education tend to have a lower wage than those with secondary school education or below. This counterintuitive result may be partly explained by the tendency for such dual-level individuals to complete the lowest level of TVET. Graduates of TVET are found more likely to be employed compared to individuals who only studied at secondary school or below as well as those who studied at the tertiary level. 相似文献
17.
党的十六大明确提出基本普及高中阶段教育的战略目标。中等职业技术教育是高中阶段教育的重要组成部分,具有直接面向劳动力市场,反映社会多样化需求十分灵敏的特色。城镇化进程中职业技术学校的历史使命是:转变办学观念,探索多元化的办学之路;关注农村转移进城人员这一新的弱势群体的教育需求;采用灵活的教学方式,实施“学分制”课程教材和弹性学制,满足学习者需求;增强服务意识,提供优质的教育服务。 相似文献
18.
工科院校开展学生职业技能培训的几点思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
职业技能教育与培训是工科院校教学计划的重要组成部分。学校建设好能适应学生实习要求的职业技能培训中心和校外实习基地是提高学生职业技能培训质量的重要前提和根本保证。对学生进行职业技能培训要因材施教,不同的专业安排不同的教学计划与内容。学生是主体,要充分调动学生的主动性和积极性,把学生职业技能培训与国家职业技能资格证书考试相结合。教师是搞好学生职业技能培训的关键。要建设一支热心学生职业技能培训,不断进取有较强实践动手能力的教师队伍。 相似文献
19.
王建明 《天津师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2012,(4):75-80
随着近代军事航空技术的迅猛发展,中国政府多次选派留学生赴国外学习先进的军事飞行技术和航空工程技术。回国后,这些留学生积极投身于军事航空学校与基层空军部队的教育与训练,参与近代航空学校的组建;担任航空学校校长、教育长等高级职务;成为近代航空学校师资队伍的中坚力量;充当空军基层训练教育的骨干;组建航空学会社团,编译出版航空杂志书籍,从而提高了中国空军的素质和战斗力,为中国军事航空事业的发展做出了杰出贡献。 相似文献
20.
方健荣 《宁波教育学院学报》2012,(1):83-85
新生代农民工的教育培训问题关系到区域经济发展和社会和谐稳定。结合宁波市江北区的实际,当前新生代农民工融入城市接受教育存在种种障碍。要通过政府引领、经费投入、完善服务、课程培训等途径和方法,切实做好新生代农民工教育培训工作。 相似文献