共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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为了揭示近年来男子400m个人混合泳项目比赛呈现的特征,主要采用数理统计等方法对近年来国内、外重大游泳比赛成绩进行分析。与奥运会前3名水平相比较,全运会前3名混合泳运动员自由泳分段成绩胜出,但蝶泳、仰泳、蛙泳分段水平均要落后。全运会上前8名运动员各个分段均落后于奥运会前8名运动员,差距最大的是仰泳,其次是蝶泳、蛙泳和自由泳。通过对2011—2013年国内、外重大游泳比赛参加个人混合泳决赛的运动员成绩统计来看,同组中,优秀运动员一般采用蝶泳、仰泳分段控制节奏,蛙泳和自由泳分段发力领先对手的体能分配方案;水平略差的运动员蝶泳和仰泳分段一般领先,后半程由于诸多原因呈落后趋势;还有一种表现形式,就是其他泳姿表现一般,但在自己优势泳姿上全力以赴,但从对应的名次来看,这种体能分配往往取得不了较好的成绩。研究表明,国内男子个人混合泳整体水平较国际水平尚有差距,后备人才梯队建设和项目制胜规律应该引起重视;从分段成绩上考虑,蝶泳和仰泳差距较大;从混合泳体能分配特征来看,各分段泳姿对总成绩的影响是不同的,游进过程中采用蝶泳、仰泳分段控制节奏,蛙泳和自由泳分段发力领先对手的分配方案,可能在同组中发挥更好成绩;单纯利用自己擅长泳姿,不注意整体体能分配,一般不会获得理想成绩。 相似文献
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目的:探讨国内和国际比赛中200m个人混合泳运动员的节奏策略,各种泳姿对比赛成绩的影响以及性别和游泳能力水平所扮演的角色。方法:国内和国际各三场比赛中94名运动员的分段成绩和比赛用时百分比用于分析,采用双因素方差分析来探讨性别(男、女)和游泳能力水平(1-3名和4-8名)对各泳姿比赛用时百分比的影响,另外通过皮尔逊相关系数来确定哪种泳姿(分段成绩)对比赛成绩的影响。结果:国内和国际比赛中运动员均以最快的速度完成前1/4赛程,在比赛中间阶段速度明显下降,最后1/4阶段再全力冲刺的比赛节奏。获得奖牌者的仰泳成绩相关系数最高(r>0.730),4-8名运动员则是自由泳成绩(r>0.620)。国内和国际比赛中男子运动员在蛙泳阶段的比赛用时百分明显高于女子(P=0.005,P=0.006),但在自由泳阶段较低(P=0.034,P=0.005)。结论:不论性别和游泳能力水平,国内和国际比赛中200m个人混合泳运动员的节奏策略均为抛物线型。其中男子运动员更倾向于积极加速的节奏策略,而女子则青睐于消极的节奏策略。在国内外比赛中,1-3名和4-8名分别与仰泳、自由泳成绩强相关。在专项训练中,应该考虑性别和游泳能力水平的差异尤其在仰泳和自由泳泳姿上。 相似文献
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对里约奥运会女子200m个人混合泳前八名运动员的分段成绩进行分析,找出各分段泳式之间的相互关系及高水平女子运动员在比赛中的体力分配规律,结果表明:前三名运动员在整个游进过程中各分段速度分配合理,速度曲线波动幅度较小,各分段末成绩均领先于各分段均值成绩;仰泳分段、蛙泳分段是影响女子200m个人混合泳项目成绩的关键. 相似文献
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上海世界游泳锦标赛中国队成绩分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用录像观察法等对2011年上海世界游泳锦标赛中外优秀运动员的成绩进行统计,分析中国队的优势和不足。主要结论:我国男子中长距离自由泳优势明显,其他项目竞争力较差;我国女子蝶泳、仰泳、混合泳和接力项目具有较强的竞争力,自由泳和蛙泳实力不足。建议继续采取措施力保优势项目(男子800m、1500m自由泳,女子200m蝶泳等),加强潜优势项目(男子400m自由泳,女子100m蝶泳、100m仰泳、200m混合泳及接力项目),着力提高年轻运动员的水平。 相似文献
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通过多年系统的游泳比赛技术监测采集游泳比赛途中游各项技术数据,以世界综合排名前100名运动员成绩为划分依据,研究女子100m蛙泳、200m自由泳运动员途中游分段速度、划幅、划频、游速的特点。研究结果显示:在女子100m蛙泳和200m自由泳中,世界优秀运动员均呈现快划频的趋势;在对成绩预测中,通过运动员的划幅、划频比较容易预测运动员成绩增长情况和上升空间,即在成绩相同情况下,运动员划频慢,成绩提高幅度大;对10名优秀女子100m蛙泳运动员的途中游个性研究和多年成绩分析表明,她们划幅、划频的个性特征非常明显,蛙泳优秀运动员相对集中,运动员年限也长;在对女子200m自由泳优秀运动员的途中游个性研究和多年成绩分析结果表明,与蛙泳不同,200m自由泳运动员个性化不是非常明显,优秀运动员相对保持高水平成绩年限少,运动员分散,说明自由泳运动员的各种能力和水平更趋于一致,优秀运动员保持高水平的能力要求更高;蛙泳对运动员的身高要求最少,而技术要求最高,是适合亚洲人的一项运动;运动员出成绩后保持高水平年限长,符合经济学原理;蛙泳项目一直是亚洲的强项和我国的传统优势项目。 相似文献
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对游泳比赛体力分配规律进行研究，采用文献查阅与统计分析相结合的方法，分析了中外游泳运动员200米分段成绩的情况。结果表明：在男女200米自由泳、仰泳、蛙泳和蝶泳四项分段的平均水平上，中国运动员均显著低于世界运动员。而在男女200米游泳的分段构成比例上，中国与世界的优秀运动员均呈现出一致的分布规律。 相似文献
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Luke Hogarth Carl Payton Peter Van De Vliet Brendan Burkett 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(8):839-847
ABSTRACTSwimmers with limb deficiency are a core population within Para Swimming, accordingly this study examined the contribution of limb segments to race performance in these swimmers. Data were obtained for 174 male Para swimmers with limb deficiency. Ensemble partial least squares regression showed accurate predictions when using relative limb segment lengths to estimate Para swimmers’ personal best race performances. The contribution of limb segments to performance in swim events was estimated using these regression models. The analysis found swim stroke and event distance to influence the contributions of limb segments to performance. For freestyle swim events, these changes were primarily due to the increased importance of the hand, and decreased importance of the foot and shank, as the distance of the event increased. When comparing swim strokes, higher importance of the thigh and shank in the 100 m breaststroke compared with other swim strokes confirms the separate SB class. Varied contributions of the hand, upper arm and foot suggest that freestyle could also be separated from backstroke and butterfly events to promote fairer classification. This study shows that swim stroke and event distance influence the activity limitation of Para swimmers with limb deficiency suggesting classification should account for these factors. 相似文献
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Santiago Veiga Antonio Cala Pablo G. Frutos Enrique Navarro 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(3):285-295
The aim of this study was to compare the race characteristics of the start and turn segments of national and regional level swimmers. In the study, 100 and 200-m events were analysed during the finals session of the Open Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) tournament. The “individualized-distance” method with two-dimensional direct linear transformation algorithm was used to perform race analyses. National level swimmers obtained faster velocities in all race segments and stroke comparisons, although significant inter-level differences in start velocity were only obtained in half (8 out of 16) of the analysed events. Higher level swimmers also travelled for longer start and turn distances but only in the race segments where the gain of speed was high. This was observed in the turn segments, in the backstroke and butterfly strokes and during the 200-m breaststroke event, but not in any of the freestyle events. Time improvements due to the appropriate extension of the underwater subsections appeared to be critical for the end race result and should be carefully evaluated by the “individualized-distance” method. 相似文献
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采用问卷调查法和访问调查法调查访问了81名国家游泳队运动员和15名国家游泳队教练。结果发现：国家游泳队运动员肩痛患病率为39．5%,男女之间无显著性差异。肩痛患病率最高的是蝶泳运动员(63．6%),其次是自由泳和仰泳运动员,蛙泳运动员肩痛患病率最低(31．3%)：水上训练手段中,短距离高强度戴划手掌训练、长距离中低强度戴划手掌训练和水上铁片牵引训练对肩痛的影响程度列前3位(明显影响率分别为46．7%、25%和18．2%)；陆上训练手段中,铁片拉力训练、卧推练习和等动拉力训练对肩痛的影响程度列前3位(明显影响率分别为43：8%、36．7%和19．4%)。陆上铁片拉力训练时采用高肘技术、抓水时早发力早加速后划技术和陆上铁片拉力训练时后划到底技术是前3位对国家游泳队运动员肩痛有影响的技术动作(明显影响率分别为60%、40%和33．3%)。 相似文献
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Santiago Veiga Andreu Roig Miguel A. Gómez-Ruano 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):919-926
The main objectives of the present research were (1) to examine the relationships between the distances travelled underwater during the start and turn segments with swimming race performance at the elite level and (2) to determine if the individualised-distance start and turn parameters affect the overall race performance. The race parameters of the 100 and 200?m events during 2013 World Championships were measured by an innovative image-processing system (InThePool® 2.0). Overall, 100?m race times were largely related to faster start velocities in men's breaststroke and freestyle events. Conversely, overall, 200?m race times were largely related to longer starting distances in the women's butterfly events, to longer turn distances in men's and women's backstroke and women's butterfly events and to shorter turn distances in women's freestyle events. Changes on the start or turn velocities could represent moderate time improvements in most of the 100?m events, whereas modifications on the start or turn distances (especially in the last turn) could provide elite swimmers with time improvements of practical importance on the 200?m events. The evaluation of races by individualised-distance parameters should be provided to elite swimmers in order to decide the most appropriate race segment configuration for each event. 相似文献
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Raul F. Bartolomeu Mário J. Costa Tiago M. Barbosa 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(16):1836-1845
The aim of our study was to assess the effect of the limbs’ actions on the nonlinear properties of the four competitive swimming strokes. Forty-nine swimmers performed all-out sprints at front-crawl, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly, each one at full stroke (FS), only the arms’ stroke (AS), and only leg kicking (LK), in a total of 12 bouts, 6 per day. A speedo-meter cable was attached to the swimmer’s hip, to collect the speed-time raw data (f = 50Hz). Velocity, speed fluctuation, sample entropy and fractal dimension were derived from the speed-time series. Significant and moderate-strong effects were noted for both stroke and condition in all variables in the study (p ≤ 0.001; 0,560<η2 < 0,952). The four competitive strokes and their three conditions exhibited nonlinear properties. The swimming pattern was less complex and more predictable for LK in comparison to AS and FS. Breaststroke and butterfly have more complex but more predictable patterns than backstroke and front-crawl. 相似文献
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Hellard P Dekerle J Avalos M Caudal N Knopp M Hausswirth C 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(1):35-46
The aim of this study was to assess stroke rate variability in elite female swimmers (200-m events, all four techniques) by comparing the semi-finalists at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games (n = 64) and semi-finalists at the French National 2004 Championship (n = 64). Since swimming speed (V) is the product of stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL), these three variables and the coefficient of variation of stroke rate (CV(SR)) of the first and second 100 m were determined (V1, V2; SR1, SR2; SL1, SL2; CV(SR)1, CV(SR)2) and differences between the two parts of the events were calculated (DeltaV; DeltaSR; DeltaSL; DeltaCV(SR)). When the results for the four 200-m events were analysed together, SR1, SR2, SL1, and SL2 were higher (alpha = 0.05, P< 0.001) and DeltaV, DeltaSR, and DeltaCV(SR) were lower (P< 0.01) in the Olympic group than in the National group. The Olympic-standard swimmers exhibited faster backstrokes and longer freestyle strokes (P < 0.05). Both CV(SR)1 and CV(SR)2 were lower for freestyle and backstroke races in the Olympic group than in the National group (P < 0.001). Our results suggest that stroke rate variability is dependent on an interaction between the biomechanical requisites of the task (techniques) and the standard of the swimmer. 相似文献
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第27届奥运会优秀女子短距离自由泳运动员的技、战术分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对第 2 7届奥运会游泳比赛女子短距离自由泳前 8名运动员技、战术的数理统计发现 ,在 5 0 m自由泳决赛中出发段的技术至关重要 ,途中游的速度主要取决于划幅和划频的技术组合 ,在 10 0 m自由泳决赛中 ,5 0 m的绝对速度实力是取胜的主要因素 ,前 8名运动员采用高频率的划频和划幅的技术组合 ,整体运动成绩得到了进一步的提高。 相似文献