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本文以大学生自卑感问卷为例,采用项目反应理论框架下的等级反应模型对其进行参数估计和项目分析．对分析得出的问卷进行模型一数据拟合分析．结果表明：该问卷符合单维性假设和局部独立性假设条件,该问卷在模型一数据拟合分析中,单项目完全拟合,项目对于项目组部分拟合． 相似文献
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心理学家对时间认知的脑机制提出了三种基本的模型假设：特异化计时模型、分布网络计时模型和局部任务依赖的计时模型。本研究中三个实验分别在视觉、听觉和触觉通道,要求被试完成时间任务和非时间任务（颜色、音调和位置）,同时记录错误率、反应时和事件相关电位（ERP）数据。探讨了不同感觉通道内时间知觉的进程以及源定位,检验以上三种基本的模型假设。ERP分析发现,不同通道时间任务与非时间任务诱发ERP的差异开始显著的时间点不一致,但视觉、听觉分离点与各自关联负变化（CNV）的始潜时接近,触觉分离点与CNV开始负走向的起始点接近。源定位分析发现,视觉、听觉和触觉时间知觉均激活了额叶、顶叶的部分区域,此外视觉时间知觉还激活了枕叶部分区域,听觉时间知觉还激活了颞叶部分区域。以上的结果提示,CNV可以作为反映不同通道时间知觉过程的指标。三种基本的模型均只能解释本研究的部分结果,时间知觉双加工模型可以对结果作出合理的解释。 相似文献
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本在天青石碳还原氯化焙煤反应的实验基础上。（1）对其反应行为提出了假设；（2）对假设反应行为中的C2（g)，C4（g)采用群论的方法分析了它们（C2，C4）的光谱活性，由分析结果表明：C2（g)，C4（g)有红外，喇曼光谱活性，（3）从理论上为我们的研究工作指出，要证实该反应行为的合理性，应采用的实验手段和实验所应获得的光谱信息类型。 相似文献
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探讨了超声波紫外线联合降解水中有机物的反应机理，并对反应动力学进行了研究，建立了动力学模型，其动力学方程为（-rA）=0．0252CA，动力学参数为：Ea=15kJ／mol，k0=0．095；采用不同实际体系的实验数据对动力学模型进行了验证，动力学模型的计算数据与实验数据能够较好的吻合。 相似文献
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本文基于原有百分等级模型,构建出具有一定现实意义的新型百分等级模型。该模型数据区间固定,且对于百分等级具有较高的模拟程度。文章通过对2009～2011年北京师范大学在31个高考招生省（市、区）高考录取情况的比较分析,验证了新型百分等级模型的应用价值。 相似文献
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为比较结构方程模型和 IRT等级反应模型在人格量表项目筛选上的作用,以《中国大学生人格量表》的7229个实际测量数据为基础,针对因素二“爽直”分别以Lisrel8.70和Multilog7.03进行结构方程模型和等级反应模型的参数估计与拟合,比较两种方法的项目筛选结果.二者统计结果均认为项目5、6、7、8拟合度不佳,在结构方程模型上表现为因子负荷较低,整体拟合指数不理想;在等级反应模型上表现为区分度参数和位置参数不理想,相关项目的特征曲线和信息曲线形态较差.但结构方程模型倾向于项目6、8更差,而等级反应模型则倾向于项目5、6更差.结构方程模型和 IRT等级反应模型对人格量表项目的统计推断结果从总体上讲是一致的,但在个别项目上略有差异.二者各有优势,可以结合使用. 相似文献
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在开放式问卷收集指标的基础上,划分维度并构建了高校就业服务学生评价指数假设模型。运用结构方程分析方法,通过实测数据（N=505）对假设模型进行验证,结果是模型拟合程度很好（RMSEA=0.057）,可以认为所构建的指标体系具有一定合理性。运用结构方程模型可以很好地对抽象建构进行检验和加权组合,使其更加合理和规范。所构建的高校就业服务学生评价指标体系适当修改后可以在不同高校推广。 相似文献
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目的：为滇西北地区幼儿教师建构胜任力选拔指标模型.方法：对30名幼儿教师进行关键行为事件访谈,并对材料进行编码.结论：（1）运用BEI法建构的幼儿教师胜任力选拔指标模型,胜任力的平均等级、最高等级可以作为判断优异与否的标准;（2）进取心、观察力、积极主动性等13项组成幼儿教师胜任力选拔指标模型;（3）优秀幼儿教师的胜任力选拔指标在性别、民族、学历、职称、单位性质之间均未发现显著差异,说明该胜任力选拔指标模型具有较好的适用性. 相似文献
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项目反应理论（Item Response Theory,IRT）是现代教育心理测量领域中最有影响的一种测量理论,它的一个明确目标是扩展模型的种类以至于能够处理实际测试中任何形式的反应数据。在已有的各种模型研究中,对于多级评分项目,只考虑到项目区分度和难度。但在实际测验中,此类项目还可能存在猜测度。本研究基于Samejima等级反应模型,将项目猜测度融合到多级评分模型中,提出了三参数等级反应模型（Three-parameter Graded Response Model,3PL-GRM）。由于忽略多级反应项目的猜测度会使得该项目的信息量虚假升高,本研究还进一步将3PL—GRM的信息函数应用到试卷质量分析中。 相似文献
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题目 为测定某地石灰石中碳酸钙的质量分数（假设杂质不参加反应，且不溶于水），某兴趣小组设计了以下三个实验方案： 相似文献
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参数估计是项目反应理论应用、发展的前提。本研究针对六种不同的HSK考生样本,分别使用三种软件,采用不同的参数估计方法对考生能力值进行估计,结果表明能力值估计结果与考生潜在能力分布有关系。当潜在能力分布趋向正态分布时,能力值的估计的误差较小。此外,不同软件的参数估计方法的能力值估计结果均有差异。 相似文献
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Time limits on some computer-adaptive tests (CATs) are such that many examinees have difficulty finishing, and some examinees may be administered tests with more time-consuming items than others. Results from over 100,000 examinees suggested that about half of the examinees must guess on the final six questions of the analytical section of the Graduate Record Examination if they were to finish before time expires. At the higher-ability levels, even more guessing was required because the questions administered to higher-ability examinees were typically more time consuming. Because the scoring model is not designed to cope with extended strings of guesses, substantial errors in ability estimates can be introduced when CATs have strict time limits. Furthermore, examinees who are administered tests with a disproportionate number of time-consuming items appear to get lower scores than examinees of comparable ability who are administered tests containing items that can be answered more quickly, though the issue is very complex because of the relationship of time and difficulty, and the multidimensionality of the test. 相似文献
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“3+X”高考改革的核心是高考内容改革,集中体现在“更加注重能力立意”的命题上。能力是人的个性心理特征之一,高考试题在基于学科能力而测量考生个性心理特征差异时,存在一定的考试心理机制。不同的考生存在认知的个性心理特征差异,有各自不同的应考行为表现;考生的个体心理特征差异所表现的能力差异,也就通过注重能力测验的高考试题和高考分数给出了一定的表达。 相似文献
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基于项目反应理论中的LOGISTIC双参数模型研究共同题非等组设计下,考生能力分布与被试量对等值的影响。等值方法采用分别校准下的项目特征曲线法、Stocking-Lord法、Haebara法。等值结果采用等值分数标准误、等值系数标准误、共同题参数稳定性三种方法进行评价。研究结果表明,考生能力分布越接近,被试量越大,等值误差越小;且Stocking-Lord法较Haebara法的等值结果更稳定。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pretest items on response time in an operational, fixed-length, time-limited computerized adaptive test (CAT). These pretest items are embedded within the CAT, but unlike the operational items, are not tailored to the examinee's ability level. If examinees with higher ability levels need less time to complete these items than do their counterparts with lower ability levels, they will have more time to devote to the operational test questions. Data were from a graduate admissions test that was administered worldwide. Data from both quantitative and verbal sections of the test were considered. For the verbal section, examinees in the lower ability groups spent systematically more time on their pretest items than did those in the higher ability groups, though for the quantitative section the differences were less clear. 相似文献
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Walter P. Vispoel 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1998,35(4):328-345
Results obtained from computer-adaptive and self-adaptive tests were compared under conditions in which item review was permitted and not permitted. Comparisons of answers before and after review within the "review" condition showed that a small percentage of answers was changed (5.23%), that more answers were changed from wrong to right than from right to wrong (by a ratio of 2.92:1), that most examinees (66.5%) changed answers to at least some questions, that most examinees who changed answers improved their ability estimates by doing so (by a ratio of 2.55 to 1), and that review was particularly beneficial to examineees at high ability levels. Comparisons between the "review" and "no-review" conditions yielded no significant differences in ability estimates or in estimated measurement error and provided no trustworthy evidence that test anxiety moderated the effects of review on those indexes. Most examinees desired review, but permitting it increased testing time by 41%. 相似文献
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大学英语四级考试阅读理解测试与写作测试的相关性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
王莺莺 《湖南第一师范学报》2008,8(4):69-71
对2007年6月大学英语四级考试阅读理解测试和写作测试分项成绩的抽样数据表明：考生的阅读理解能力与写作能力在总体上呈正相关,阅读能力强的考生较阅读能力中等（或差）的考生具有更强的写作能力。此结论为外语教学中阅读能力和写作能力之间存在互相影响、相互促进的相关性提供了依据。 相似文献
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MBA的逻辑考试是对考生逻辑思维能力的测试。它重归纳而轻演绎，重语义而轻形式，不假定考生有专门的逻辑知识，这教师与我国高校普通逻辑的教学要求不同。如何处理好掌握逻辑知识与提高逻辑思维能力的关系，这是MBA逻辑考试向我们逻辑教学提出的挑战，值得我们去研究和探讨。 相似文献
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Many teachers and curriculum specialists claim that the reading demand of many mathematics items is so great that students do not perform well on mathematics tests, even though they have a good understanding of mathematics. The purpose of this research was to test this claim empirically. This analysis was accomplished by considering examinees that differed in reading ability within the context of a multidimensional DIF framework. Results indicated that student performance on some mathematics items was influenced by their level of reading ability so that examinees with lower proficiency classifications in reading were less likely to obtain correct answers to these items. This finding suggests that incorrect proficiency classifications may have occurred for some examinees. However, it is argued that rather than eliminating these mathematics items from the test, which would seem to decrease the construct validity of the test, attempts should be made to control the confounding effect of reading that is measured by some of the mathematics items. 相似文献