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1.
美国心理学家伯纳德·韦纳认为可用六种归因来解释行为的成功和失败,即能力高低、努力程度、任务难度、运气好坏、身心状态和外界环境。韦纳对行为结果的归因分为三个维度,即内在性、稳定性和可控性。在基础教育阶段的英语教学过程中,中小学英语教师应了解归因理论与英语学习动机的关系,在英语教学过程中运用归因理论培养学生的英语学习动机,对学生采取灵活多样的形式来进行英语学习归因指导,提高基础教育阶段的英语教学水平。  相似文献   

2.
针时健美操专业学生难度动作学习的成功与失败进行归因测试与分析,结果表明:低年级学生较高年级学生更多的将动作失败归因于运动能力差、努力不够、任务难和有不良心理因素;健美操专业学生成功归因在运动能力、兴趣、场地设施均存在年级差异;健美操专业学生对四组难度动作的成功归因不存在显著性差异;四组难度动作失败归因时存在组别差异.归因于任务难度排序为B组>A组>D组>c组,归因于兴趣不浓依次为B组>A组>c组>D组,归因于不良心理排序为A组>B组>D组>C组,归因于场地器材因素排序为A组>C组>D组>B组.  相似文献   

3.
高一年学生从初中升上高中后,在英语学习中会进一步体验到成功与失败,同时他们还会去寻找成功与失败的原因,如个人的能力、自己所作出的努力程度、工作任务的难度以及运气等。这就是对成就行为的归因。归因理论首先由海德(F.Heider)提出,后来由归因理论心理学家韦纳(B.Weiner)作进一步的发展,  相似文献   

4.
波纳德·韦纳的归因理论对外语教学的启示   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
归因理论认为寻求理解是行为的基本动因。在学习的过程中,学生们经常探询其成功与失败的原因。美国心理学家Weiner B.认为,学生主要用四种归因来解释学业的成功和失败,即能力、努力、运气和任务难度。它们在三个维度的不同位置上。第一个维度是内部和外部,能力和努力属于内部归因,运气和任务难度属于外部归因;第二个维度是稳定性,能力和任务难度比较稳定,而努力和运气则不稳定;最后一个维度是可控性,能力和运气是不可控制的,而努力是可控制的。归因方式不同学生对自我的认识和控制不同,随后的情感反应也不同。所以,教师应在教学过程中指导学生运用这一理论正确对待成功与失败。  相似文献   

5.
邹敏 《教育探索》2008,(6):128-129
对随机选取的840名初二学生进行归因方式和焦虑状态方面的问卷调查。结果发现:(1)低焦虑组更倾向于将成功归因于能力、任务难度和心境等不可控性因素;在失败的情境下,高焦虑组的心境、能力、运气、他人帮助和任务难度的原因归因倾向均高于低焦虑组。(2)不同焦虑水平的初中生在期望倾向上并不存在显著的差异。(3)在情感反应倾向上,低焦虑组获得成功后所产生的积极情绪均比高焦虑组要强烈,而高焦虑组在失败后的消极情感更为强烈。这表明不同焦虑水平的初中生对考试成败结果具有不同的归因倾向。  相似文献   

6.
一、学习动机的归因论韦纳(B·Weiner)的归因理论是以认知论观点来解释学习动机的,其指导原则和基本假设:寻求理解是行为的基本动因。学生试图解释事件发生的原因,试图为他们的成功或失败寻找能力、努力、态度、知识、运气、帮助、兴趣等方面的原因。韦纳认为:能力、努力、任务难度和运气是人们在解释成功和失败时知觉到的四种主要原因,每一种原因义可从控制点、稳定性、  相似文献   

7.
美国心理学家维纳认为,能力、努力、任务难度和运气是人们解释成功或失败时的4种主要因素。这4种因素可按内外因、稳定性和可控性3个标准来划分。实践证明:积极的归因模式和消极的归因模式会对学生的学习产生截然不同的效果。因此,教师要引导学生运用正确的归因方式,发挥归因的教育作用。  相似文献   

8.
归因原因因素和归因维度的研究是归因研究的重要内容。对某一群体归因原因因素和归因维度的认识,可以为归因干预提供科学的基础。对中学生体育学习情境归因的研究指出:1)自身努力、自身能力、任务难度、他人努力、运气、心理素质等六项原因因素为中学生体育学习归因的主要因素;2)中学生把体育学习结果的原因主要归结于内部、不稳定、(自我或他人)可控的原因因素。  相似文献   

9.
英语学习成败归因调查研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
文章以320名非英语专业大二学生为研究对象,对研究对象英语学习成败归因倾向及归因倾向与英语学习成绩之间的关系进行了研究。不同英语水平的学生在成功归因上的差异不明显,但对失败的归因在学习环境、运气好坏、语言天赋和任务难度等方面都有显著差异,学生对学习成败的不同归因倾向对其学习行为和学习成绩都有很大的影响。  相似文献   

10.
何谓成败归因?成败归因是指行为者对自己行为结果成功或失败的自我归因,所以也叫做自我成败归因.美国心理专家韦纳的实证研究发现,一般人从事过有关成败的工作后,多将成败归因为以下6个方面:能力大小、努力程度、任务难度、运气好坏、身心状态、其它相关因素.韦纳又按照各因素的性质分别将其纳入了以下向度之内:一是因素来源,指行为者自认为影响其成败的因素是源于自身条件(内控因素),或是来自外在环境(外控因素),在此向度上,能力、努力、身心状态属于内控因素,而任务难度、运气好坏等则属于外控因素;二是因素的稳定性,指行为者自认为影响其成败的因素是否稳定,在此向度上,能力大小、任务难易两项是不随情况改变的稳定因素,而努力程度、运气好坏、身心状态则是不稳定因素;三是是否可以控制,指行为者自认为影响其成败的因素能否由自己意愿所控制,除努力程度外,其余各项均为不可控因素.  相似文献   

11.
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.  相似文献   

12.
风的曲线     
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.  相似文献   

13.
汉字倒说     
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。  相似文献   

14.
Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.  相似文献   

15.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

16.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

17.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

18.
Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.  相似文献   

19.
钱生钱!     
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了  相似文献   

20.
The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.  相似文献   

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