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《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2020,(3)
目的:一般情况下,纳米粒子在环形聚合物熔体中处于聚集状态。本文通过增加链刚性或施加稳定的剪切场来诱导纳米粒子在环形聚合物熔体中的聚集-分散转变,使环形聚合物中的纳米粒子达到最优的分散状态。创新点:同时改变链刚性和剪切场强度,诱导纳米粒子在分散的同时进行有序排列。方法:利用分子动力学模拟方法,研究纳米粒子在环形聚合物熔体中的分散和空间分布。结论:1.在较弱的高分子/纳米粒子(polymer-NP)相互作用力下,增加环链的刚性或施加剪切场,可以诱导纳米粒子(NPs)从聚集态向分散态过渡。2.增加链的刚性可以提高NPs在环形聚合物熔体中的分散度;NPs被半刚性(或棒状)环形聚合物链包裹,有效地避免了NPs间的聚集,促使其分散。3.随着剪切场强度的增加,聚集的NPs也会因polymer-NP相互作用、NP-NP相互作用以及剪切场之间的竞争而趋于分散;由于polymer-NP相互作用强,所以NPs的空间分布具有良好的有序性和分散性。4.同时考虑剪切场和链刚性,可有效提高NPs在环形聚合物熔体中的分散度和空间分布,而链刚性的增加干扰了NPs的有序结构。 相似文献
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该文设计了一款球栅阵列（BGA）焊点剪切实验设备,并开发了配套的控制设备运动的上位机软件。基于该设备,研究两种材料（SAC305和Sn63Pb37）的BGA焊点在固定高度（60μm）、不同剪切速率（0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7 mm/s）下的剪切力学性能,以及在固定剪切速率（0.5 mm/s）、不同剪切高度（60、80、100、120μm）下的剪切力学性能。实验表明：剪切高度固定情况下,随着剪切速率增加,两种材料的焊点的剪切强度均呈现增大趋势;剪切速率固定情况下,随着剪切高度增加,两种材料的焊点的剪切强度均呈现减小趋势。将该设备应用于实验教学,有助于培养学生的科学思维、提升学生的实践能力。 相似文献
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为改善高强砂浆的脆性,将碳酸钙晶须引入高强砂浆中以实现增强与增韧的目的.研究了抗压强度、抗折强度、劈拉强度以及断裂功等基本力学性能,采用扫描电子显微镜观察材料的微观结构和微观力学行为,讨论了碳酸钙晶须增强增韧高强水泥砂浆的机理和效率.研究表明:碳酸钙晶须的引入对高强砂浆的力学性能产生了较为积极的影响;碳酸钙晶须增强增韧高强砂浆的机理为晶须-水泥石脱黏、晶须剥离、晶须冲断以及裂纹桥联;裂纹偏转机制是比较高效的一种增强增韧机制,但并不容易在高强水泥砂浆基质中出现.研究认为,晶须与水泥砂浆基质间的界面黏结强度应该适当弱一些,这样有利于通过引入更多的裂纹偏转来增强增韧水泥砂浆复合材料. 相似文献
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选取HX-1500碳酸钙和PVC活性碳酸钙应用在PVC扣板生产中,考察了不同种类碳酸钙对扣板生产过程中的加工性能和制品颜色的影响,分析了碳酸钙种类对PVC扣板的横向和纵向拉伸、弯曲、冲击强度等力学性能的影响。结果表明,在相同的配方条件下,碳酸钙目数增加,熔体挤出性能变差,加工电流增大,制品略微变黄;但冲击强度有非常明显的改善。 相似文献
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分析染料废水的特点及其处理现状,重点对目前国内外TiO2及其复合物、Fe3O4及其复合物、碳纳米材料、其他纳米吸附材料在染料废水处理中的应用进行了详尽的归纳,对比与总结.纳米材料是高效廉价的现代高新材料的先驱,若能对纳米吸附材料多加研究,将为染料废水处理技术开辟一条崭新的途径.提高染料废水处理技术,不仅有利于环境保护,而且还可以促进工农业的发展以及人类社会的进步. 相似文献
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用聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为分散剂,添加丙烯酸和过硫酸铵(APS)水溶液,通过高速剪切混合制成纳米TiO2水基分散体系。粒径分析和透射电镜表征表明:纳米TiO2水基分散体系稳定性良好,分散的纳米TiO2粒径大约为68nm,且分散均匀。 相似文献
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通过用不同的表面改性剂(氢氧化钠,硅烷偶联剂,马来酸酐,乙酸酐和多巴胺)处理单根苎麻纤维,然后再通过单纤维断裂实验测出界面剪切强度(IFSS)来评估纤维与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)基体之间的界面相互作用。通过这种简单的方法,很容易地筛选出制备PBS/苎麻纤维可生物降解复合材料的有效表面改性剂,即多巴胺。为了进一步验证单纤维断裂实验确实是筛选表面改性剂的有效方法,对未处理、碱处理和多巴胺处理苎麻纤维增强PBS复合材料的力学性能进行了研究,结果表明复合材料力学性能的变化趋势和单纤维断裂实验得到的界面剪切强度的变化趋势是一致的。因此,单纤维断裂实验确实是衡量表面改性与界面增强的一种简单且有效的方法。 相似文献
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对高温硅酸盐熔体粘度的估算一直是国际地学界热点问题之一.在研究高温硅酸盐熔体网络分数维值的基础上,建立了估算熔体粘度的新模式(简称FD模式);阐明了熔体粘度值除了与温度成反比外,还与分子网络的分数维值D相关,即与分子网络(纳米尺度以上)中的桥氧数Ni成正比(Ni=ri-D)、与单位硅氧四面体中的非桥氧数成反比.经对四个硅酸盐系列高温熔体的粘度测定证实,FD模式的理论计算值与实测值吻合,为探索岩浆迁移演化规律和完善新型低维材料的性能提供了新的理论依据. 相似文献
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WANG Yan-lei HAO Qing-duo OU Jin-ping 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(3):221-226
In-plane shear properties of composite material laminates are very important in structural design of composite material. Four commonly used in-plane shear test methods were introduced in this paper. In order to study the differences of various shear test methods, two ASTM standard in-plane shear test methods for composite material laminates were experimentally investigated. They are ±45° tensile shear test (ASTM D3518) and V-notched rail shear test (ASTM D7078). Five types of composite material laminates composed of E-glass fiber fabric and vinyl ester resin were utilized, whose stacking sequences are 03s, 0/903s, CSM/0/902s, ±453s and (0/90)2/(±45)2/(0/90)2s, respectively. The test results indicate that the ±45° tensile shear test can predict shear moduli of composite material laminates accurately. However, the predictions of shear strength using ±45° tensile shear test are significantly lower than those of V-notched rail shear test. 相似文献
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There exists a critical cyclic stress ratio when sand or clay is subjected to cyclic loading. It is an index distinguishing stable state or failure state. The soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus developed by Dalian University of Technology in China was employed to perform different types of tests on saturated soft marine clay in the Yangtze estuary. Undisturbed samples were subjected to undrained cyclic vertical and torsional coupling shear and cyclic torsional shear after three-directional anisotropic consolidation with different initial consolidation parameters. The effects of initial orientation angle of major principal stress, initial ratio of deviatoric stress, initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress and stress mode of cyclic shear on the critical cyclic stress ratio were investigated. It is found that the critical cyclic stress ratio decreases significantly with increasing initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress. Compared with the effects of the initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress, the effect of initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress is less evident. Under the same consolidation condition, the critical cyclic stress ratio from the cyclic coupling shear test is lower than that from the cyclic torsional shear test, indicating that the stress mode of cyclic shear has an obvious effect on the critical cyclic stress ratio. The main reason is that the continuous rotation in principal stress directions during cyclic coupling shear damages the original structure of soil more than the cyclic torsional shear does. 相似文献
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钢桥面环氧沥青铺装的界面行为 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过引入一个新参数膜劲度,在部分共同作用原理的基础上,建立了描述钢桥面环氧沥青混凝土铺装复合梁在负弯矩作用下的界面行为模型,用以分析钢-环氧沥青混凝土之间的界面滑移与应变.推导了弹性工作状态下复合梁的界面滑移与应变的表达式,编制了数值计算程序并用2根复合梁进行了校核.然后采用该程序分析了界面滑移与应变沿复合梁纵向的分布特征,以及铺装层中的最大拉应力、层间剪应力对材料参数的敏感性.结果表明,界面效应削弱了钢桥面铺装复合梁的整体抗弯刚度;中低温条件下,采用劲度更大的粘结层材料有利于改善沥青铺装层的受力;粘结层的损伤累积将加剧沥青铺装层的破坏. 相似文献
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Projectile made of carbon fiber composite material shell and metal warhead penetrates concrete target at speeds of 336 m/s, 447 m/s and 517 m/s. The angles between the perpendicular of target surface and projectile axis are 0° and 30° . The thickness of concrete target is 200 mm and the compression strength is 30 MPa. The experimental results indicate that the strength of composite material structure is high. Composite projectile can go through concrete target without fiber segregation and breakage. The percent fill is 18.5% in the composite material projectile. It is about twice as that of metal projectile, if the density of metal is taken as 7.8 g/cm^3. Comparing with metal projectile, low-density, high-strength composite material can lessen projectile weight, improve charge-weight ratio of detonator and enhance destructive powder. 相似文献
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The occurrence of storm surge disaster is often accompanied with floodplain, overflow, dike breach and other complex phenomena, while current studies on storm surge flooding are more concentrated on the 1D/2D numerical simulation of single disaster scenario(floodplain, overflow or dike breach), ignoring the composite effects of various phenomena. Therefore, considering the uncertainty in the disaster process of storm surge, scenario analysis was firstly proposed to identify the composite disaster scenario including multiple phenomena by analyzing key driving forces, building scenario matrix and deducing situation logic. Secondly, by combining the advantages of k-ω and k-ε models in the wall treatment, a shear stress transmission k-ω model coupled with VOF was proposed to simulate the 3D flood routing for storm surge disaster. Thirdly, risk degree was introduced to make the risk analysis of storm surge disaster. Finally, based on the scenario analysis, four scenarios with different storm surge intensity(100-year and 200-year frequency) were identified in Tianjin Binhai New Area. Then, 3D numerical simulation and risk map were made for the case. 相似文献
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排水性沥青路面上中面层层间结合状况研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过环氧树脂、SBS改性乳化沥青、SBS改性热沥青和H#桥面防水材料等4种粘结层材料组合试件的剪切试验,对影响排水性路面的行车荷载、温度和水等外部因素进行了研究和分析.试验结果表明,温度升高会造成层间结合能力的降低,层间剪切强度与温度之间的关系接近一条对数曲线.在实际路面中,行车荷载作用中心区域下的剪切强度较其他部位要小.冻融和饱水等水损害都明显地降低了路面抗剪强度,破坏了上中面层间的层间结合.荷载、温度和水等因素的作用会对层间结合状况产生一定的不利影响,需要通过优选粘结层材料来提高排水性路面的耐久性. 相似文献
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PST/CE半互穿聚合物网络的制备与表征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
祝保林 《渭南师范学院学报》2008,23(2):54-58
在引发剂偶氮异丁腈（AIBN）作用下,单体苯乙烯（ST）与氰酸酯树脂（CE）聚合,异步合成聚苯乙烯/氰酸酯树脂半互穿网络（PST/CE-Semi-IPN）聚合物.力学性能测试结果表明,PST/CE-Semi-IPN在PST/CE为15/85时,其冲击强度、弯曲强度分别比纯CE提高了66.4%和16.4%;FT-IR和DSC分析结果表明,形成网络的各组分间未发生化学反应.与CE比较,聚合物网络的韧性提高,耐热性能得以保持. 相似文献
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Zhou Cheng-ti 《大连大学学报》1991,(1)
本文论述了复合材料的强度和稳定性理论中的三个近代问题:复合材料迭层板的强度准则,多层复合材料圆柱壳的非线性稳定性理论,以及复合材料板的动力稳定性理论。关于迭层板的强度准则,论述了目前以张量多项式形式所表述的唯象性破坏准则,着重讨论和比较了各种近代理论在确定耦合系数方面的特点和差别。提出了近代理论中所存在的困难和发展趋势。在多层复合材料圆柱壳的非线性稳定性理论分析中,主要的问题在于如何研究和考虑那些非线性因素,诸如由材料的剪切模量所引起的物理非线性,横向剪切变形的影响,壳体结构的初始缺陷和几何非线性,以及前屈曲变形和边界支承条件的影响等。本文指出了考虑这些因素的方法以及它们的影响程度。复合材料板的动力屈曲性能研究是一个重要的近代研究方向。本文提出了关于复合材料本身的阻尼系数,纵向和转动惯性力影响,横向剪切效应,迭层板的初始几何缺陷,以及增强纤维的铺设方向等因素对于动力屈曲性能的影响。同时提出了计算这些影响的方法,指出这些因素在复合材料板的动力稳定性分析中有着重要作用。 相似文献
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Micro-indention and finite element method (FEM) are used to study the stress at the interface between diamond-like carbon
(DLC) film and mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) substrate, with different coating thickness, deposition temperature and indention load.
The FEM simulation results show that when Young＇s modulus ratio of the coating to the substrate Ec/Es相似文献
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ATTIA Nabil Abdulla 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(1):1-5
1 Introduction A traction drive is a device, which transmits powerby means of traction contacts among multiple rotatingbodies. Variable ratio power transmission is achievedby varying the system geometry so that the points ofaction of the traction force are varied. When this isdone in a continuous manner, it results in a conti-nuously variable traction drive varaitor. There areprimarily two types of traction drives that are ofinterest in the automotive area, viz., half toroidaltraction drive an… 相似文献