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1.
The aim of this study was to determine whether the physiological characteristics of players influence selection in a semi-professional first grade rugby league team. Sixty-six semi-professional rugby league players aged 24+/-4 years (mean +/- s) were monitored over two competitive seasons. The players underwent measurements of body mass, muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10, 20, 30 and 40 m sprint), agility (Illinois agility run) and estimated maximal aerobic power (multi-stage fitness test) 1 week before their first competition match. After selection for either the first or second grade team, the results of all physiological tests were collated and analysed to determine if there were any physiological differences between players selected for the two teams. Players selected to play in the first grade team were significantly (P< 0.05) older (25+/-4 vs 22+/-4 years) and heavier (93+/-10 vs 86+/-10 kg) and had more playing experience (18+/-6 vs 15+/-6 years) than second grade players. Muscular power, speed, agility and estimated maximal aerobic power were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between first grade and second grade players. These results suggest that the physiological capacities of players do not influence selection in a semi-professional first grade rugby league team. Rather, player selection appears to be based on body mass, playing experience and skill. These results support the need for a standardized skills performance test for semi-professional rugby league players.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of this study was to determine whether the physiological characteristics of players influence selection in a semi-professional first grade rugby league team. Sixty-six semi-professional rugby league players aged 24 - 4 years (mean - s ) were monitored over two competitive seasons. The players underwent measurements of body mass, muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10, 20, 30 and 40 m sprint), agility (Illinois agility run) and estimated maximal aerobic power (multi-stage fitness test) 1 week before their first competition match. After selection for either the first or second grade team, the results of all physiological tests were collated and analysed to determine if there were any physiological differences between players selected for the two teams. Players selected to play in the first grade team were significantly ( P ? 0.05) older (25 - 4 vs 22 - 4 years) and heavier (93 - 10 vs 86 - 10 kg) and had more playing experience (18 - 6 vs 15 - 6 years) than second grade players. Muscular power, speed, agility and estimated maximal aerobic power were not significantly different ( P > 0.05) between first grade and second grade players. These results suggest that the physiological capacities of players do not influence selection in a semi-professional first grade rugby league team. Rather, player selection appears to be based on body mass, playing experience and skill. These results support the need for a standardized skills performance test for semi-professional rugby league players.  相似文献   

3.
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine whether physiological, anthropometric, and skill test results could discriminate between junior volleyball players of varying ability. Twenty-eight junior volleyball players competed for selection in a talent-identification volleyball programme. Participants underwent measurements of stature, standing reach stature, body mass, skinfold thickness, overhead medicine ball throw, vertical jump, spike jump, 5-m and 10-m speed, “T” test agility, maximal aerobic power, and passing, setting, serving, and spiking technique and accuracy. A discriminant analysis was conducted on the selected and non-selected groups to obtain a regression equation that could be used to predict selection in junior volleyball squads based on the dependent variables. Passing and serving technique were the only significant variables included in the discriminant analysis. Cross-validation results showed that 17 of 19 selected players (89.5%) and 5 of 9 non-selected players (55.6%) were correctly classified into selected and non-selected groups, respectively, providing an overall predictive accuracy of 78.6%. The results of this study demonstrate that selected skill test results (i.e. subjective coach evaluations of passing technique and serving technique), but not physiological and anthropometric data, discriminate between successful and unsuccessful talent-identified junior volleyball players. These results demonstrate the importance of developing passing and serving technique in talent-identified junior volleyball players.  相似文献   

4.
The aim of this study was to determine whether physiological, anthropometric, and skill test results could discriminate between junior volleyball players of varying ability. Twenty-eight junior volleyball players competed for selection in a talent-identification volleyball programme. Participants underwent measurements of stature, standing reach stature, body mass, skinfold thickness, overhead medicine ball throw, vertical jump, spike jump, 5-m and 10-m speed, "T" test agility, maximal aerobic power, and passing, setting, serving, and spiking technique and accuracy. A discriminant analysis was conducted on the selected and non-selected groups to obtain a regression equation that could be used to predict selection in junior volleyball squads based on the dependent variables. Passing and serving technique were the only significant variables included in the discriminant analysis. Cross-validation results showed that 17 of 19 selected players (89.5%) and 5 of 9 non-selected players (55.6%) were correctly classified into selected and non-selected groups, respectively, providing an overall predictive accuracy of 78.6%. The results of this study demonstrate that selected skill test results (i.e. subjective coach evaluations of passing technique and serving technique), but not physiological and anthropometric data, discriminate between successful and unsuccessful talent-identified junior volleyball players. These results demonstrate the importance of developing passing and serving technique in talent-identified junior volleyball players.  相似文献   

5.
Abstract

The Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test is frequently used to assess aerobic endurance performance in young soccer players but only the logical validity of the test has been shown to date. The main ai m of this study was to assess the criterion (i.e. association with maximal aerobic capacity, [Vdot]O2max) and construct validities of the test in young soccer players. A secondary aim was to examine possible shared variance of the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test with other physical capacities. Sixty-two soccer players (age 13.7±0.5 years) from an Under-14 team participated. All players performed a battery of fitness tests to assess [Vdot]O2max, aerobic endurance performance (Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test), soccer dribbling endurance performance (Hoff dribbling test), and power performance (maximal vertical jump, 30-m sprint with 10-m split time). Results showed that the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test was strongly correlated with [Vdot]O2max (r=0.63, P<0.001), thereby showing the test's criterion validity. Players with the best performance on the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test had significantly higher [Vdot]O2max (P<0.001, large effect), and significantly better soccer dribbling endurance (P<0.001, large effect) and 30-m sprint times (P<0.05, medium effect). Logistic regression (r=0.79, P=0.0001) showed that Hoff dribbling test performance (explained variance=50.4%), [Vdot]O2max (explained variance=39.7%), and 30-m sprint time (explained variance=14.4%) were significant independent parameters contributing to performance on the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test. Therefore, the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test is a valid on-field aerobic endurance performance test for young soccer players, which can also be used to differentiate the maximal aerobic capacity, soccer dribbling endurance, and 30-m sprint performance of these players.  相似文献   

6.
调查男女大学生板鞋运动员身体形态及体能特征。受试者为大学生板鞋运动员18名(男、女各9名)。身体形态测定项目包括身高、体质量、腰围、臀围、WHR(腰围/臀围)、上臂围、大腿围、体脂肪率以及LBM等指标。体力测定包括最大无氧能力、最大吸氧量(VO2max)、血乳酸(La)、心率(HR)及运动成绩等指标。研究结果发现,大学生板鞋运动员的身体形态各指标的特征、最大血乳酸浓度、VO2max,与同年龄同性别的体育系大学生比较没有明显的差异。但是大学生板鞋运动员的无氧功率,与同年龄同性别的体育系大学生比较有明显的差异。大学生板鞋运动员的VO2max和最大无氧能力都存在性别的差异。以上结果表明,大学生板鞋运动以乳酸供能为主,建议采用最大无氧功率评定板鞋运动员的最大无氧能力,这对板鞋运动员的选材和专项运动能力的评定具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

7.
Abstract

This study compared the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of specific playing positions and positional playing groups in sub-elite rugby league players. Altogether, 415 sub-elite rugby league players underwent measurements of standard anthropometry (body mass, height, sum of four skinfolds), muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10-m, 20-m, and 40-m sprint), agility (“L” run), and estimated maximal aerobic power (multi-stage fitness test). Props were significantly heavier and had a greater skinfold thickness than all other playing positions. Centres, fullbacks, and hookers were faster than props over 40 m. When the data were analysed according to positional commonality, props were taller, heavier, had a greater skinfold thickness, were less agile, and were slower over 10 m than all other positional groups. The hookers/halves and outside backs positional groups were significantly faster over 40 m than the backrowers and props positional groups. In addition, the hookers/halves and outside backs positional groups had significantly greater estimated maximal aerobic power than the props positional group. The results of this study demonstrate that few physiological and anthropometric differences exist among individual playing positions in sub-elite rugby league players, although props are taller, heavier, have greater skinfold thickness, slower 10-m and 40-m speed, less agility, and lower estimated maximal aerobic power than other positional groups. These findings provide normative data for sub-elite rugby league players competing in specific individual positions and positional playing groups.  相似文献   

8.
目的：通过对上海女足2012年联赛中比赛活动特征的分析,了解上海女足比赛中的跑动特点及体能状况;通过与国内最高水平比赛、国家队及其他世界强队的对比分析,了解与高水平运动队之间的差距,寻找到上海女足训练的突破点,为上海女足在第12届全运会中夺取金牌提供有效的科技支撑.方法：通过已取得专利的自主研发的足球训练负荷监控系统对上海女足2012年联赛上海赛区上海—大连、上海—长春的两场比赛进行跑动负荷的测试.结果：（1） 2012年联赛期间上海赛区的比赛与国外高水平运动队相比,上海女足运动员高速跑和冲刺跑的距离及所比重偏少.（2）上海女足在2012年联赛中不同位置运动员在比赛中整体跑动能力存在差异,边后卫和中场球员总跑动距离最多,而边前卫和边后卫的高强度及以上跑动距离最多,前锋高强度以上跑动距离最少.（3）上海女足在2012年联赛前准备期高强度的有氧间歇训练不足,导致联赛期间体能贮备不足.结论：我国女足联赛水平较低、对抗性不强,上海女足运动员联赛期间的跑动能力与国内最高水平比赛及世界强队相比存在一定的差距,今后的训练必须加强高强度的有氧间歇训练.  相似文献   

9.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maturation on power and sprint performance adaptations following 6 weeks of plyometric training in youth soccer players during pre-season. Sixty male soccer players were categorized into 3 maturity groups (Pre, Mid and Post peak height velocity [PHV]) and then randomly assigned to plyometric group and control group. Vertical jump, standing long jump, and 20-m sprint (with and without ball) tests were collected before- and after-intervention. After the intervention, the Pre, Mid and Post-PHV groups showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) and small to moderate effect size (ES) improvement in vertical jump (ES = 0.48; 0.57; 0.73), peak power output (E = 0.60; 0.64; 0.76), standing long jump (ES = 0.62; 0.65; 0.7), 20-m sprint (ES = ?0.58; ?0.66), and 20-m sprint with ball (ES = ?0.44; ?0.8; ?0.55) performances. The Post-PHV soccer players indicated greater gains than Pre-PHV in vertical jump and sprint performance after training (P ≤ 0.05). Short-term plyometric training had positive effects on sprinting and jumping-power which are important determinants of match-winning actions in soccer. These results indicate that a sixty foot contact, twice per week program, seems effective in improving power and sprint performance in youth soccer players.  相似文献   

10.
以杭州绿城足球俱乐部中超队18名运动员为测试对象,通过测试递增负荷过程中运动员的最大摄氧量及恢复期血乳酸分析男子足球运动员有氧代谢特点,结果显示：浙江男足运动员和中国国家男足运动员在VO2max（L/min）方面有显著性差异,在相对VO2max（ml/kg/min）方面有高度显著性差异,而在VE、HR方面没有显著性差异。说明浙江男子足球运动员有氧能力低于国内优秀足球运动员（中国国家男子足球队）。  相似文献   

11.
1996-2005年男排联赛运动员5项非技术性因素的动态发展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
对1996-2005年我国男排联赛运动员在年龄、体重、身高、扣球高度、拦网高度和克托莱指数发展特征进行分析,结果表明男排联赛运动员身高、扣球高度符合世界排球发展趋势,而年龄、体重、克托莱指数发展呈现出在较低的水平上逐年下降,与世界强队的差距越来越大。建议加强年轻高大队员的培养,延长其运动年限。  相似文献   

12.
为了解中国女子曲棍球比赛的运动负荷特征及运动员在场上的跑动位置和轨迹,应用GPSports Systems SPI 10运动监测系统及Polar团队心率表,对国家女子曲棍球队主力运动员26人备战2008年奥运会期间1～4月24场比赛数据进行整理分析。主要研究表明,我国优秀女曲运动员在场上比赛表现出明显的项目特征:高强度、高对抗,对各个位置运动员的体能要求都很高。由多种不同形式的运动方式穿插在一起组合而成,在场地上约15%的时间是间歇性短距离快跑形式(无氧代谢),约85%的时间是慢跑、走动或原地休息的运动形式(有氧代谢)。快速冲刺能力与国际高水平队存在一定差距。  相似文献   

13.
This study compared the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of specific playing positions and positional playing groups in sub-elite rugby league players. Altogether, 415 sub-elite rugby league players underwent measurements of standard anthropometry (body mass, height, sum of four skinfolds), muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10-m, 20-m, and 40-m sprint), agility ("L" run), and estimated maximal aerobic power (multi-stage fitness test). Props were significantly heavier and had a greater skinfold thickness than all other playing positions. Centres, fullbacks, and hookers were faster than props over 40 m. When the data were analysed according to positional commonality, props were taller, heavier, had a greater skinfold thickness, were less agile, and were slower over 10 m than all other positional groups. The hookers/halves and outside backs positional groups were significantly faster over 40 m than the backrowers and props positional groups. In addition, the hookers/halves and outside backs positional groups had significantly greater estimated maximal aerobic power than the props positional group. The results of this study demonstrate that few physiological and anthropometric differences exist among individual playing positions in sub-elite rugby league players, although props are taller, heavier, have greater skinfold thickness, slower 10-m and 40-m speed, less agility, and lower estimated maximal aerobic power than other positional groups. These findings provide normative data for sub-elite rugby league players competing in specific individual positions and positional playing groups.  相似文献   

14.
We compared the efficacy of three physical conditioning programmes provided over a 12 week period (24 h in total) on selected anthropometric and physical fitness parameters in female soccer players. Two of the groups received physical conditioning training in accordance with speed, agility and quickness (SAQ); one group used specialized resistance and speed development SAQ equipment (equipment group; n = 12), while the other group used traditional soccer coaching equipment (non-equipment group; n = 12). A third group received their regular fitness sessions (active control group; n = 12). All three interventions decreased (P < 0.001) the participants' body mass index (-3.7%) and fat percentage (-1.7%), and increased their flexibility (+14.7%) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) (+18.4%). The participants in the equipment and non-equipment conditioning groups showed significantly (P < 0.005) greater benefits from their training programme than those in the active control group by performing significantly better on the sprint to fatigue (-11.6% for both the equipment and non-equipment groups versus -6.2% for the active control group), 25 m sprint (-4.4% vs -0.7%), left (-4.5% vs -1.0%) and right (-4.0% vs -1.4%) side agility, and vertical (+18.5% vs +4.8%) and horizontal (+7.7% vs +1.6%) power tests. Some of these differences in improvements in physical fitness between the equipment and non-equipment conditioning groups on the one hand and the active control group on the other hand were probably due to the specificity of the training programmes. It was concluded that SAQ training principles appear to be effective in the physical conditioning of female soccer players. Moreover, these principles can be implemented during whole team training sessions without the need for specialized SAQ equipment. Finally, more research is required to establish the relationship between physical fitness and soccer performance as well as the principles underlying the improvements seen through the implementation of SAQ training programmes.  相似文献   

15.
短距离越野滑雪是一项比赛强度高、轮次多、赛间间歇短的体能类项目,是我国备战2022年北京冬奥会的重要突破口。主要基于英文文献,探寻世界级短距离越野滑雪运动员专项体能特征,为提升我国该项目专项体能的科学训练水平提供参考。研究发现：1）世界级短距离越野滑雪男女运动员的身高分别为175~188 vs.166~176 cm,体重为70~92 vs.55~70 kg,瘦体重占比接近83 vs.70%;2）比赛中的能量供应以有氧代谢为主,并呈现有氧无氧动态交替主导;3）具有较高平均滑行速度和连续"多赛"能力,在起滑和冲刺阶段的速度最快,高速滑行中上、下肢呈现明显的"爆发式"用力特征,躯干力量对各种技术动作运用具有重要影响。为此,国家队冬奥备战科技助力应围绕专项体能突破展开重点攻关,深入探寻影响比赛高速滑行保持能力的生理学与运动学因素,加快提升比赛表现水平。  相似文献   

16.
短距离越野滑雪是一项比赛强度高、轮次多、赛间间歇短的体能类项目，是我国备战2022年北京冬奥会的重要突破口。主要基于英文文献，探寻世界级短距离越野滑雪运动员专项体能特征，为提升我国该项目专项体能的科学训练水平提供参考。研究发现：1）世界级短距离越野滑雪男女运动员的身高分别为175~188 vs.166~176 cm，体重为70~92 vs.55~70 kg，瘦体重占比接近83 vs.70%；2）比赛中的能量供应以有氧代谢为主，并呈现有氧无氧动态交替主导；3）具有较高平均滑行速度和连续"多赛"能力，在起滑和冲刺阶段的速度最快，高速滑行中上、下肢呈现明显的"爆发式"用力特征，躯干力量对各种技术动作运用具有重要影响。为此，国家队冬奥备战科技助力应围绕专项体能突破展开重点攻关，深入探寻影响比赛高速滑行保持能力的生理学与运动学因素，加快提升比赛表现水平。  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine the effects of two jump squat (JS) training programs involving different loading ranges in under-20 soccer players during a preseason period. Twenty-three elite young soccer players performed sprint speed (at 5-, 10-, and 20-m), change-of-direction (COD) speed, JS peak-power (PP), and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests pre and post four weeks of training. Athletes were pair-matched in two groups according to their optimum power loads (OPL) as follows: lower than OPL (LOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% lower than the OPL) and higher than OPL (HOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% higher than the OPL). Magnitude-based inferences were used to compare pre- and post-training measures. Meaningful increases in the PP JS were observed for both groups. Likely and possible improvements were observed in the 5- and 10-m sprint velocity in the LOPL group. Meanwhile, possible and likely improvements were observed in the CMJ, 5- and 10-m sprint velocity, and COD speed in the HOPL group. Overall, both training schemes induced positive changes in athletic performance. Soccer coaches and sport scientists can implement the JS OPL-based training schemes presented here, either separately or combined, to improve the physical performance of youth soccer players.  相似文献   

18.
我国优秀女子排球运动员赛前有氧能力特征综合检测分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
研究表明:有氧能力是排球运动员能量供能的基础,是决定排球比赛胜负的关键所在。因此,对于排球运动员有氧能力的测试与评价对于指导运动员的训练、安排训练计划十分重要,为了全面了解我国优秀女子排球运动员赛前有氧能力状况,对即将参加2010—2011赛季全国排球联赛的64名优秀排球运动员赛前通过递增负荷运动过程中气体代谢指标、各阶段生理、生化指标的动态变化规律进行总结。结果显示:我国优秀女子排球运动员整体有氧能力与世界优秀运动员存在一定差距。随着排球运动水平、运动等级、运动成绩的不断提高,VO2max也相应表现为较高的水平。通过递增负荷运动中HR、BLA、Pmax、无氧阈功率、无氧乳酸阈的动态变化规律,显示我国优秀女子排球运动员在有氧、无氧代谢能力、心肺功能、速度耐力和耐乳酸能力存在位置特征,大致表现为副攻>二传>主攻>接应>自由人,提示我国女子排球运动员训练应根据场上不同位置有氧、无氧代谢能力特征的基本要求来制定合理的发展本专项所需要的生物能量能力的训练计划,从而提高训练的科学性和有效性。  相似文献   

19.
运用文献资料、数理统计等方法,对第16届世界女子排球锦标赛中国队与前8名队运动员年龄、身高、体重等非技术指标进行了统计分析。结果表明：中国女排的平均年龄与8强相比,相对较小,是一支年轻的队伍,身高、体重、克托莱指数具备世界一流强队水平,扣球高度、拦网高度达到世界女排队伍中的顶尖水平;中国女排各位置运动员,尤其二传位置运动员的平均年龄相对较小,在身高、体重、克托莱指数、扣球高度、拦网高度指标上均显示出世界优秀强队的水平。  相似文献   

20.
We investigated the associations of body fat percentage (BF%), objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and different types of physical activity assessed by a questionnaire with neuromuscular performance. The participants were 404 children aged 6–8 years. BF% was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and physical activity by combined heart rate and movement sensing and a questionnaire. The results of 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run, hand grip strength, standing long jump, sit-up, modified flamingo balance, box-and-block and sit-and-reach tests were used as measures of neuromuscular performance. Children who had a combination of higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity had the poorest performance in 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run and standing long jump tests. Higher BF% was associated with slower 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times, shorter distance jumped in standing long jump test, fewer sit-ups, more errors in balance test and less cubes moved in box-and-block test. Higher levels of physical activity and particularly MVPA assessed objectively by combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor were related to shorter 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times. In conclusion, higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity and particularly the combination of these two factors were associated with worse neuromuscular performance.  相似文献   

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