共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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象似性手势是指在形式和表达方式上与其所伴随的言语的语义内容密切相关的手势。儿童通常在18~24个月产生象似性手势,到3岁时能准确理解象似性手势的含义。象似性手势的产生和理解与儿童年龄呈正相关,且受文化等社会因素的影响较大。象似性手势能够揭示儿童的象征发展水平,解释并再现言语组织过程,补充言语中未表达的信息,促进多通道表征,提高词汇加工效率,因而有助于儿童的词汇理解、记忆和泛化。未来相关研究应进一步扩大象似性手势的研究对象,考察象似性手势与具身认知的关系及其对儿童词汇学习的多方面影响,这将有助于提高未来研究成果对教育实践的指导作用。 相似文献
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当人们说谎或怀疑别人撒谎,当听到逆耳的话或者看到他们不愿意看的东西时,他们就会下意识地捂住嘴,捂住耳朵或是用手蒙住眼睛。而儿童表现得最为充分,他们会毫不保留地使用这些手势。比如,当一个调皮的儿童向父母和老师撒谎 相似文献
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言语的语言特征和听力障碍儿童的看话训练华东师范大学特殊教育专业曾凡林，汤盛钦在进行言语交流时，听力正常的人主要凭借听觉去接受和理解对方的交流信息。但是，只要有机会。听话者就会看说话者，以获得更多的有关谈话主题的信息。说话者口部动作，面部表情、手势及周... 相似文献
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心理学的研究证明：如果把表情，声音做为非言语交流的符号，那么言语只表达信息的７％，而大部分是靠非言语来表达的。在言语行为结合在一起的时候，言语只起方向性或规定性的作用，而非言语行为才能准确地反映出话语的真正思想和感情，担当起绝大部分的传播职能。这就给我们一个启示：如果在教育、教学过程中，有意识地注意自己语调、面部表情、手势动作等非言语行为，使之与言语相配合，就能取得更理想的教学效果。如果注意学生面部表情，说话时的语调、手势动作，就能更准确、更及时地了解学生心理、情绪，了解他们对教育教学的反应。下… 相似文献
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心理和认知研究最先开始关注儿童解释话语的表现及解释能力的发展问题,其后也有少许学者从语用和交际的视角探讨儿童的解释话语及解释行为。学习者二语语用研究大多集中在对请求、道歉、恭维等言语行为上。该文采用语用视角,将解释话语中对现象的解释行为视为解释言语行为,以给定题目的课堂小组讨论的方式收集口语语料,研究学习者在一语和二语语境下解释言语行为发起模式的表现。该研究主要从三个方面进行分析:解释言语行为的发起模式;发起模式的功能及语言表达方式。 相似文献
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塞尔、科里、科恩等人针对虚构话语是否是一种言语行为的问题给出了不同理论解释,本文通过分析这些理论在解释虚构话语的言语行为时各自存在的一些缺陷,并运用奥斯汀和塞尔对言语行为的定义和划分,批驳了否定虚构话语是言语行为的观点,同时试图对虚构话语是何种言语行为做出合理解释。 相似文献
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非语言层面在人类交际系统中起着极其重要的作用。对话过程中有大量的表情、手势、语气等等非语言方式来补充、增强或是说明言语意义。因此在创作文学作品时，必须考虑到非语言手段所扮演的重要角色，通过语言手段巧妙地将非语言手段植入文中。 相似文献
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课堂教学中教师的反馈，是指在师生交往情境中，教师对源于学生的态度、行为、言语、情感、创意和作品等，通过瞬间应对思考后，借助言语、非言语信号（含面部表情、手势、姿态等），再返回给学生的一种教育教学行为。 相似文献
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手势语言观——手势研究的新视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从上个世纪60年代起,国外学者对手势与语言的关系进行了大量研究,而在国内,这一课题尚未得到应有的关注.手势的语言观认为手势是语言交际的一部分,与说话者要传递的信息紧密相关,具有跨语言文化特性和系统性.手势与语言的关系体现在手势是一种说者现象、手势和言语起相同的语义和语用功能的作用、手势和语言具有语义和时间的一致性等五个方面.目前,对手势与语言联系的解释机制包括手势语言辅助理论和手势语言辩证理论. 相似文献
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Xiao-lei Wang Raquel Plotka 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2018,38(3):298-315
Idiom comprehension and production reflect a child’s language competence. Research suggests that there is a positive relationship between children’s reading comprehension skills and their idiom understanding. This study examines whether adult verbal scaffolding, in conjunction with the deliberate use of iconic gestures, can facilitate young bilingual children’s comprehension and retention of idiomatic expressions in their different languages. Twenty-three five-year-old English-Chinese bilingual children learned novel idioms across two experimental conditions. In Experiment 1, a native Chinese-speaking adult and a native English-speaking adult, respectively, taught children a set of Chinese and English idioms via speech only. In Experiment 2, the same adults, respectively, taught a different set of Chinese and English idioms via speech–gesture combinations. The results suggest that children could comprehend more idioms in both languages after being taught via the speech–gesture modality than the speech-only modality. They also tended to retain more idioms taught in the speech–gesture modality than in the speech-only modality in both languages. Moreover, those children who scored high in their idiom comprehension and retention also scored high both in their recast of the gestures used by the adults and in their rate of speech–gesture mismatches. Educational implications for early childhood settings are discussed. 相似文献
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自发手势及其分类研究有助于公众更好地理解其意,从而增加相互交流的可能性。本文对20名无语言的孤独症和智力残疾儿童在语言沟通有障碍时利用自发手势进行沟通的情况进行了观察研究,研究结果表明两者在发生频率上没有区别,但在表达内容、目的性、动作姿势等方面存在一定差异。 相似文献
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Arkadiusz Białek Marta Białecka-Pikul Anna Filip Maria Broda 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(4):674-701
AbstractThe significance of pointing gestures in the development of linguistic communication is linked to their referential character and formation of common ground in use of gestures and speech. Our longitudinal study aimed to define the nature of this relationship more precisely and to explore whether the relevance vs lack of relevance of a child’s pointing gestures is related to development of language abilities. We developed a special protocol to measure relevant and irrelevant pointing gestures in 18-month-olds, sampled production of spontaneous speech and measured their language comprehension at two years of age. A group of 343 children was tested, and using structural equation modelling we showed that relevant gestures predict the level of development of language production and comprehension. As predicted, this association was not applied to irrelevant gestures. It is likely that a child’s more frequent use of relevant pointing gestures helps the caregiver to recognize the child’s communicative intentions and to comment on his/her behaviour appropriately. The identified developmental/predictive relationship is valid in both mentalistic and teleological interpretation of early communicative development. 相似文献
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This study examines the effects of teachers' speech and hand gestures on the task performances of students with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Forty‐five 7½‐year‐old students clinically diagnosed with ADHD participated in the study. The students were asked to solve three sets of puzzles. The teachers supported the students in the tasks by using three different scaffolding modalities: speech‐only, gesture‐only and speech in conjunction with gestures. The results indicate that when the teachers used the scaffolding that contained gesture components (either speech scaffolding in conjunction with gesture scaffolding or gesture‐only scaffolding), the ADHD students were more responsive, focused longer on the tasks and were more successful in completing the tasks. Moreover, teachers' representational and deictic gestures were found to be the most effective gestures in scaffolding. This study suggests that when teachers' hand gestures are used together with speech, they are a powerful pedagogical means to engage ADHD children in tasks. 相似文献
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This study took a novel approach to understanding the role of language in spatial development by combining approaches from spatial language and gesture research. It analyzed forty-three 4.5- to 6-year-old’s speech and gesture production during explanations of reasoning behind performance on Spatial Analogies and Children’s Mental Transformation Tasks. Results showed that speech and gesture relevant for solving the trials (disambiguating correct choices) predicted spatial performance when controlling for age, gender, and spatial words and gestures produced. Children performed the spatial tasks well if they produced relevant information either verbally through speech or nonverbally through gesture. These results highlight the importance of not only focusing on concepts children can reference but also on how such concepts are used in spatial tasks. 相似文献
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Michael C. Wittmann Virginia J. Flood Katrina E. Black 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2013,82(2):169-181
We show that students rearranging the terms of a mathematical equation in order to separate variables prior to integration use gestures and speech to manipulate the mathematical terms on the page. They treat the terms of the equation as physical objects in a landscape, capable of being moved around. We analyze our results within the tradition of embodied cognition and use conceptual metaphors such as the path-source-goal schema and the idea of fictive motion. We find that students solving the problem correctly and efficiently do not use overt mathematical language like multiplication or division. Instead, their gestures and ambiguous speech of moving are the only algebra used at that moment. 相似文献
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Ingrid Vilà-Giménez Natalie Dowling Ö. Ece Demir-Lira Pilar Prieto Susan Goldin-Meadow 《Child development》2021,92(6):2335-2355
A longitudinal study with 45 children (Hispanic, 13%; non-Hispanic, 87%) investigated whether the early production of non-referential beat and flip gestures, as opposed to referential iconic gestures, in parent–child naturalistic interactions from 14 to 58 months old predicts narrative abilities at age 5. Results revealed that only non-referential beats significantly (p < .01) predicted later narrative productions. The pragmatic functions of the children’s speech that accompany these gestures were also analyzed in a representative sample of 18 parent-child dyads, revealing that beats were typically associated with biased assertions or questions. These findings show that the early use of beats predicts narrative abilities later in development, and suggest that this relation is likely due to the pragmatic–structuring function that beats reflect in early discourse. 相似文献
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彭圆 《外语教学理论与实践》2016,153(2):62-69
话语与伴随手势的数量协同问题长期缺乏实证研究数据支持。在功能协同（同样的语义和语用功能）、结构协同（同在支架话序中）的前提下,本研究使用语料库量化研究方法,探讨了语力话语形式（powerful language forms）与其伴随手势的数量协同机制。研究结果发现,在相同教学功能语境之下,语力话语与伴随手势数量比小于1.3:1大于1:1.3之间时,能实现最佳的交际效果;反之,则会对交际效果产生消极作用。 相似文献
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从词汇层面对英语广告进行文体分析,主要包括简单词汇、杜撰词、修辞格等在英语广告中的运用。研究发现,英语广告中所用的词汇通过不同的修辞方式能够产生不同的意义。 相似文献