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1.
In 2001, the Texas state legislature passed House Bill 1403. With the passage of the law, Texas became the first state to offer in-state tuition rates at public universities for non-citizens (including illegal immigrants) who attended high school in the state for three years. As a result of the policy change, the cost of attending college at public universities in Texas fell dramatically for non-citizens. Using administrative data from five universities in Texas, we employ a quasi-experimental design to identify the effects of the policy change on the probability of enrollment at each of the universities. The results demonstrate a large and significant positive effect of lowering tuition on the enrollment of non-citizens at the University of Texas at Pan American and the University of Texas at San Antonio. 相似文献
2.
Thomas Perkins Diana Doyle Jane Wisniewski Sarah Kaiser Lynn Vosler Judith Amoo 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(6):537-539
Retrenchment practices in the 1980s represented a new challenge to institutions of higher education. The literature encompassing higher education within the past 10 years has revealed limited information concerning retrenchment policies in public community colleges in Texas. This study investigated the presence or absence of retrenchment policies and their relation to fluctuations in enrollment and state funding. All 49 public community‐junior college districts in the state of Texas were included in the study. Twenty (41%) of these community colleges had a retrenchment policy. This study indicated that administrative decisions regarding the development and adoption of retrenchment policies are based on state revenue declines as opposed to enrollment fluctuations. 相似文献
3.
In recent years, many states, including California, Texas, and Oregon, have changed admissions policies to increase access to public universities for students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. A key concern, however, is how these students will perform. This paper examines the relationship between high school quality and student success in college. Using administrative data from the University of Texas at Austin, we take advantage of the unique policy environment provided by Texas's Top 10% automatic admissions law, which has not only increased the diversity of high schools in the state that send students to the university, but also provides an admission criteria based on a sole observable characteristic: high school class rank. We find that high school characteristics do affect student performance, and these effects seem more pronounced for women and low-income students. In addition, there is little evidence that the effects of high school characteristics decay over students’ time in college. 相似文献
4.
影响我国社区学院发展的国家教育政策有探索期、发展期、深化期三个发展阶段。从国家教育政策的规定中,可以发现我国社区学院是在发展社区教育的背景下发展起来的,社会建设是我国社区学院的特殊使命,社区学院是超越现行教育体系的多功能教育性组织。但缺乏社区学院专门政策、行政隶属难以支撑社区学院的功能、专业师资队伍匮乏等问题却制约着我国社区学院的发展。建议:构建社区学院政策体系、设立专门的行政管理部门、中央与地方联手加大投入、引导开展中国特色社区学院的研究。 相似文献
5.
Latinos have become the largest minority group in American postsecondary education, a majority of whom attend two- or four-year Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs). However, little is known about labor market outcomes as result of attending these institutions. Using a unique student-level administrative database in Texas, and accounting for college selectivity, we examine whether attending an HSI influences labor market outcomes ten years after high school graduation for Latino students in Texas. We find no difference in the earnings of Hispanic graduates from HSIs and non-HSIs. This analysis represents one of the first to examine the labor market outcomes for Latino students in this sector of education accounting for critical factors that include a student’s high school and community context. 相似文献
6.
In recent years, many countries have experienced a significant expansion of higher education enrolment. There is a particular interest among policy makers for further growth in STEM subjects, which could lead to larger classes in these fields. This study estimates the effect of class size on academic performance of university students, distinguishing between STEM and non-STEM fields. Using administrative data from a large UK higher education institution, we consider a sample of 25,000 students and a total of more than 190,000 observations, spanning seven cohorts of first-year undergraduate students across all disciplines. Our identification of the class size effects rests on within student-across course variation, thus controlling for any unobservable difference across students, albeit other forms of bias stemming from selection of elective courses may still be present. Overall, we find that larger classes are associated with significantly lower grades (effect size of −0.08). This overall effect masks considerable differences across academic fields, as we find a larger effect in STEM subjects (−0.11) than in non-STEM subjects (−0.04). We further explore the heterogeneity of the effect along the dimensions of students’ socio-economic status, ability, and gender, finding that smaller classes are particularly beneficial for students from a low socio-economic background, and within STEM fields for higher ability and male students. 相似文献
7.
新高考改革的关键特征是选择性,通过赋予学生和高校充分的选择权,发挥多样化选择在人才选拔和培养中的作用,体现教育的公平公正。学生选择权的发挥受制于学生自身能力、高中、高校、家长及社会机构等诸多因素,存在学生选择能力不足、家长缺乏指导能力、高中应对能力不足、高校选考要求与生源间存在结构性矛盾,以及选考服务专业平台缺乏等问题。为落实学生选择权,构建选考辅助系统,由数据输入层、计算层和输出层构成,可以实现6大功能,解决学生选考问题,还可为新高考改革研究和高校招生工作提供数据支持,为教育行政主管部门提供前置参考与决策支持。 相似文献
8.
For the last 70 years, since the establishment of the Republic of Korea, Korean education has achieved universal expansion of educational opportunity from elementary to secondary to higher education. Planning, centralized policy making, top-down implementation, and administrative control had been the standards of the first few decades of Korean education. The so-called May 31 education reform implemented in 1995 made a turning point for these approaches to education policy and administration by highlighting autonomy, openness, diversity, accountability, consumer centeredness, market control, and governance for quality education. However, these government-driven education reform initiatives have resulted in limiting the expected outcomes. In this paper, the authors call for a new approach to education policy and administration and propose supporting school innovation, empowering an internal accountability system in governance. The authors also suggest a search for normative values for democratic communitarianism as a new philosophical foundation of education policy framework, beyond instrumental values of education. 相似文献
9.
期望、现实与选择--广州高职高专学生就业与择业观调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在高等教育大众化背景下,大学生就业是政府、社会与家庭关注的焦点问题。通过对广州几所高职高专院校在校生的问卷调查,分析了当代大学生的择业观和对未来职业的期望,对调查反映出的问题进行了剖析,提出应构建从小学到大学纵向的职业教育体系,引导学生及早进行职业生涯规划,政府也应制定积极的就业政策鼓励大学生到经济欠发达地区就业。 相似文献
10.
This paper examines geographical differences in choice of field in higher education. Formerly, educational attainment differed considerably between rural areas and urban centres. Today these differences are pretty much offset. What kind of education students from different geographical areas pursue is however less well known. This article examines this question. It analyses data from public administrative registers on the entire Norwegian population born between 1955 and 1983. It finds that people who have grown up close to a university more often study at a university, whereas people who have grown up near a university college more often study at a university college. Corresponding differences are found in the choice of educational field. 相似文献
11.
高校招生的政策效率是指科学选才与行政成本之间的比例,它不但与政策的投入和产出有关,而且还与政策的目标有关。在政策的运行过程中,由于政策本身的价值选择、政策执行主体的差异性和政策背景的关联性,高校招生的政策效率总是受到制约,其实际效率也总是低于理论效率。 相似文献
12.
《平权法案》以种族和肤色作为高校学生录取的依据,受到了广泛的质疑和批判。在此背景下,美国德克萨斯州（以下简称德州）在1997年通过了“前百分之十计划”,该计划保证德州高中毕业班成绩排名前10％的学生可以自由选择州内任何一所公立大学,而不必考虑他们的标准化测验分数或任何其他标准。该计划维护了黑人等少数种族学生平等接受优质... 相似文献
13.
Globalization increasingly calls for comparing educational policies across countries. In this study, we assemble and analyze academic journal publications of the past decade in order to shape education policy research within an Asia-Pacific context. After examining Asia-Pacific research publication data from the Web of Science, we find a few stylized facts: (1) increasing research collaboration, (2) growing policy evaluation research, (3) swelling empirical research with quantitative methodology and (4) growing attention to higher education. Moreover, education stakeholders show exclusive interest on globalization, private tutoring, and language education policies within and across countries. Finally, we find a significant difference in research impact and diffusion between Asia-Pacific and American education policy studies. Further, we examine what determines research impact and diffusion. Our results indicate that research collaboration, national context, publication year and issue, policy area, and research methodology are significantly associated with publication citations. Based on the findings, we suggest useful implications for future directions on education policy research in an Asia-Pacific context. 相似文献
14.
Reorganization within the administrative structure of community colleges is an activity that has been much indulged in but little written about during recent years. This study was undertaken to determine perceptions of the roles that community college presidents play when reorganization within the administrative structure takes place. Colleges used for collection of data were two Texas metroplitan community college districts. Collection of data was limited to administrative changes from the division level through the president's level at each college. No attempt was made to study the district level or the department or curriculum levels. 相似文献
15.
王丹丹 《湖南第一师范学报》2008,8(2):61-63
2006年教育部出台关于严格控制普高“专升本”的政策,让人反思压缩专升本到底是对还是错。“专升本”的存在具有必要性,虽然它在实施过程中存在一些弊端、不足,但是“专升本”这个教育模式对高等教育、终生教育体系等都具有积极重要的作用。压缩控制“专升本”不仅不能解决高等教育中产生的问题,反而滋生更多的教育不公平。因此,“专升本”这个通道只能疏通。而不能堵上。 相似文献
16.
大多数学者认为异地高考政策更加有利于家庭条件较好的随迁子女,少数学者则认为该政策能有效保障农村随迁子女的教育权益,但已有文献仍缺乏关于异地高考政策对两类流动人口高等教育机会影响差异的比较研究。基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,本文探讨了异地高考政策对城乡随迁子女高等教育机会的影响,并探究了该政策的调节作用。研究发现,异地高考政策对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用显著高于城镇随迁子女,且这种效应仅在高政策门槛地区存在,低门槛地区不存在。从政策的调节作用来看,异地高考政策有助于提高农村流动人口子女随迁的意愿,且对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用要显著高于农村留守子女。同时,异地高考政策可显著降低农村随迁子女家庭社会经济地位对其子女高等教育机会的影响。为此,各地方政府应坚持并完善异地高考政策,充分发挥该政策促进高等教育公平的杠杆作用;流入地政府要进一步提高本地高中教育服务能力;中央政府要进一步推进、完善高考录取制度改革。 相似文献
17.
In today’s higher education, the Internet is indispensable in creating, storing, and disseminating information and knowledge.
This study examines gender differences among college students in their usage perceptions of the Internet. A multiple-variable
logistic model was proposed and tested using data gathered from 805 college students. The results of the study suggest gender
differences in usage perceptions of the Internet can be detected among college students. Specifically, the differences are
reflected in that male college students have a higher level of perceptions of Internet self-efficacy, experience, and information
overload than females. Implications for research in information systems and practice in higher education are discussed. 相似文献
18.
This study examines the effects of education on the career paths of Texas law enforcement officers holding advanced or specialized positions. It addresses the distribution of officers by rank and by assignment pattern, and the variance in career paths explained by respondents' education. Findings show that higher education reduces time required for movement in rank and assignment to specialized positions and was positively correlated to promotion into supervisory and administrative posts. Implications are that higher education will enhance an officer's probability of rising to the top regardless of whether the agency requires a college degree as a precondition of employment. 相似文献
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20.
Community colleges have received renewed attention from policymakers seeking to increase college attendance and completion rates because they provide open access to postsecondary education for historically marginalized students. Yet, transfer rates from community colleges to 4-year institutions are low. Inequities in opportunity that are shaped by geography and compounded throughout childhood may restrict higher education opportunities for low-income, first-generation college students. Most studies examining how geography constrains college choice focus on high school students’ initial decisions about higher education, not community college students. We analyze the spatial distribution of community college students’ “choice sets,” the 4-year institutions that they are considering transferring to. Using qualitative interviews and geospatial analysis, we examine how these spatial patterns compare between two community-college systems in Central Texas. We find that students’ choice sets are geographically constrained, but that for many students, these zones are geographically large, suggesting that interventions and targeted outreach from universities could help students identify and select from greater range of options. Our findings have important implications for college access and completion among first-generation college students, and for policies that seek to interrupt patterns of inequity tied to location. 相似文献