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《Government Information Quarterly》2006,23(2):249-266
This study examines the views of information resource managers (IRMs) in Texas state agencies on e-government. The existing empirical research has focused on what local governments provide in terms of e-government information and services and less on the perspectives of key e-government decision makers. This study fills this void by examining how e-government had an impact on management of state agencies. Theories and expectations are provided on what the literature argues are the most important impacts of e-government on management. Specifically, these are the reinventing government movement, external environmental pressures, resource capacity, and demographic factors. A survey of Texas state agency IRMs was administered in the late spring of 2005 and the results are reported in this study. The findings revealed that the reinventing government movement, external environmental pressures, and resource capacity were the most important factors that had an impact on e-government management capacity. In this study, the size of state agency was not found to be as important. Future research should focus more on state e-government management, an often-neglected area of research. 相似文献
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简述国内外关于“年度出版物”这一术语的讨论情况和在使用上的差异。在对《Irreg-ular Serials and Annuals》(第 11版 )进行调研的基础上 ,大体上确定了年度出版物的范围 ,并指出它并非绝对的每年出版一次 ,也有隔一年或几年出版一次者。最后 ,为它试拟了定义 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2004,21(3):337-358
This paper describes an exploratory, multisite case study of the production of textual content for state agency Web sites. The qualitative field study explored internal agency Web staff characterizations of textual Web content and staff perceptions of factors affecting the production of content. Study results suggest that staff characterize content in terms of its format, its style age, its rate of change, its degree of change, its owner, and the degree to which it is sensitive. Staff described nine factors affecting content production including information intensity, public education mission, public inquiry burden, top-down directives, existing maintenance burden, review and approval process, resources, management interest and goals, and support from other program staff. A better understanding of how internal agency staff perceive and treat content is important because staff play a large role in determining what content is produced and what characteristics the content contains. The inclusion or exclusion of certain characteristics in content has important implications for information usability, costs, citizen participation in agency policymaking, government transparency, and public trust in government. 相似文献
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指出非商业性使用是知识共享许可协议的4种授权要素之一.除默认的署名要素外,非商业性是最受欢迎的条款,虽然使用该条款的人数在缓慢减少.对该条款的争议与批评表现在三个方面:定义不明确;与自由内容不兼容;非商业化不利于作品的推广传播,不利于质量和性能的提高.认为知识共享组织应该在4.0版本中澄清非商业性使用的定义,增加非商业使用-教育条款,以减少使用中的困扰. 相似文献
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The term ‘information ethics’ (IE) is rapidly diversifying as new technologies enter the milieu and add to already existing ‘entanglements’. Unsurprisingly, the term lacks a universally accepted definition, although there is some common ground as to its constitution. This paper explores the term using the most commonly co-occurring terms in IE literature as indexed in nine databases, namely the EBSCO-hosted Academic Search Premier (ASP); Communication and Mass Media Complete; ERIC; Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA); Newspaper Complete; Business Premier; and Master File Premier, and Wilson's Library Literature and Information Science (LLIS) Full Text. Core/periphery analysis, the co-occurrence of words as subject terms, and social network techniques were applied using UCINET for Windows, text STAT and Bibexcel computer-aided software to analyze data. The paper identifies the most common terms used to describe IE and the core terms with which IE can be defined. Other than informing LIS research and education, the results could potentially assist with the development of IE taxonomy and definitions (e.g. in understanding IE content and development) that may apply to the intercultural and global understanding of IE. 相似文献
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《Library & information science research》2005,27(2):203-221
Transaction logs of NAVER, a major Korean Web search engine, were analyzed to track the information-seeking behavior of Korean Web users. These transaction logs include more than 40 million queries collected over 1 week. This study examines current transaction log analysis methodologies and proposes a method for log cleaning, session definition, and query classification. A term definition method which is necessary for Korean transaction log analysis is also discussed. The results of this study show that users behave in a simple way: they type in short queries with a few query terms, seldom use advanced features, and view few results' pages. Users also behave in a passive way: they seldom change search environments set by the system. It is of interest that users tend to change their queries totally rather than adding or deleting terms to modify the previous queries. The results of this study might contribute to the development of more efficient and effective Web search engines and services. 相似文献
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《Medical reference services quarterly》2012,31(4):326-338
AbstractIn 2014, the library curriculum for the College of Pharmacy was revised, with the number of sessions increased from one per term for two terms to one per term for three terms, instruction was scaffolded, and the flipped classroom model was employed, with active learning and assessments used throughout. This article will describe how the active learning portion of one session was gamified: why a “serious game” was the correct tool to use to improve student learning, how the game was created, and what was the theory underlying this transformation. 相似文献
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We consider a multi-stage retrieval architecture consisting of a fast, “cheap” candidate generation stage, a feature extraction stage, and a more “expensive” reranking stage using machine-learned models. In this context, feature extraction can be accomplished using a document vector index, a mapping from document ids to document representations. We consider alternative organizations of such a data structure for efficient feature extraction: design choices include how document terms are organized, how complex term proximity features are computed, and how these structures are compressed. In particular, we propose a novel document-adaptive hashing scheme for compactly encoding term ids. The impact of alternative designs on both feature extraction speed and memory footprint is experimentally evaluated. Overall, results show that our architecture is comparable in speed to using a traditional positional inverted index but requires less memory overall, and offers additional advantages in terms of flexibility. 相似文献
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Suzan Verberne Maya Sappelli Djoerd Hiemstra Wessel Kraaij 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(5):510-545
We evaluate five term scoring methods for automatic term extraction on four different types of text collections: personal document collections, news articles, scientific articles and medical discharge summaries. Each collection has its own use case: author profiling, boolean query term suggestion, personalized query suggestion and patient query expansion. The methods for term scoring that have been proposed in the literature were designed with a specific goal in mind. However, it is as yet unclear how these methods perform on collections with characteristics different than what they were designed for, and which method is the most suitable for a given (new) collection. In a series of experiments, we evaluate, compare and analyse the output of six term scoring methods for the collections at hand. We found that the most important factors in the success of a term scoring method are the size of the collection and the importance of multi-word terms in the domain. Larger collections lead to better terms; all methods are hindered by small collection sizes (below 1000 words). The most flexible method for the extraction of single-word and multi-word terms is pointwise Kullback–Leibler divergence for informativeness and phraseness. Overall, we have shown that extracting relevant terms using unsupervised term scoring methods is possible in diverse use cases, and that the methods are applicable in more contexts than their original design purpose. 相似文献
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Franziska Hildebrandt 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2008,24(2):133-138
Who should control and exploit digital rights in the publishing industry? For a precise definition and a discussion the publishing industry needs basic knowledge of how to purchase and sell electronic rights and extended standard agreements. This article is covering a definition of digital rights, purchase, and sale of digital rights, business models to sell digital content and terms with related conditions. 相似文献
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F. V. Nersterov 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2010,37(2):127-131
An attempt is undertaken to define the word “definition.“ The correlation of concepts, such as definition, term, discourse,
and frame is discussed and a systematic definition of the term “definition” is given. 相似文献
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随着我国经济的发展,档案中介服务机构已成为档案服务界的一股新兴力量,市场发展的需要在不断地成长和发展着。在其发展过程中,如何科学有效地建立机构品牌,则成为决定其是否具有持续生命力的一个关键因素。本文力图通过对档案中介机构品牌创建的SWOT分析,为其在具体的品牌创建的过程中提供一定的方向和建议。 相似文献
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Lora V. Gault Mary Shultz Kathy J. Davies 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2002,90(2):173-180
Objectives: This study compared the mapping of natural language patron terms to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) across six MeSH interfaces for the MEDLINE database.Methods: Test data were obtained from search requests submitted by patrons to the Library of the Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, over a nine-month period. Search request statements were parsed into separate terms or phrases. Using print sources from the National Library of Medicine, Each parsed patron term was assigned corresponding MeSH terms. Each patron term was entered into each of the selected interfaces to determine how effectively they mapped to MeSH. Data were collected for mapping success, accessibility of MeSH term within mapped list, and total number of MeSH choices within each list.Results: The selected MEDLINE interfaces do not map the same patron term in the same way, nor do they consistently lead to what is considered the appropriate MeSH term.Conclusions: If searchers utilize the MEDLINE database to its fullest potential by mapping to MeSH, the results of the mapping will vary between interfaces. This variance may ultimately impact the search results. These differences should be considered when choosing a MEDLINE interface and when instructing end users. 相似文献
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Jane Fedorowicz Janis L. Gogan Christine B. Williams 《Government Information Quarterly》2007,24(4):785
It is increasingly important for government agencies to collaborate across jurisdictional and functional boundaries. Interorganizational systems supporting interagency collaboration must accommodate a wide range of factors from the external environment and participating organizations as part of their design and operation. This paper presents the findings from a case study of CapWIN, a collaborative network created to enable first responders to share information across jurisdictional and functional boundaries as they work together during emergencies and other critical events. The study examines how aspects of the external environment and the agency context impeded or facilitated the CapWIN collaborative network and the interorganizational system (IOS) that supports it. We identify factors affecting information sharing and collaborative processes, and describe how these factors interact to enable and constrain an IOS. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research on the interplay of environmental, organizational, and technical aspects of interagency collaboration networks as they evolve over time. 相似文献
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Juan Antonio Lossio-Ventura Clement Jonquet Mathieu Roche Maguelonne Teisseire 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(1-2):59-99
Terminology extraction is an essential task in domain knowledge acquisition, as well as for information retrieval. It is also a mandatory first step aimed at building/enriching terminologies and ontologies. As often proposed in the literature, existing terminology extraction methods feature linguistic and statistical aspects and solve some problems related (but not completely) to term extraction, e.g. noise, silence, low frequency, large-corpora, complexity of the multi-word term extraction process. In contrast, we propose a cutting edge methodology to extract and to rank biomedical terms, covering all the mentioned problems. This methodology offers several measures based on linguistic, statistical, graphic and web aspects. These measures extract and rank candidate terms with excellent precision: we demonstrate that they outperform previously reported precision results for automatic term extraction, and work with different languages (English, French, and Spanish). We also demonstrate how the use of graphs and the web to assess the significance of a term candidate, enables us to outperform precision results. We evaluated our methodology on the biomedical GENIA and LabTestsOnline corpora and compared it with previously reported measures. 相似文献