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1.
Information and communication technologies have opened up new opportunities for cultivating a reading culture, where people go beyond instrumental to leisure reading, in developing countries. But the research on information and communication technology (ICT) and reading has been conducted mainly in western countries. This paper explores the potential of ICT-based interventions for fostering a reading habit among university students in Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was employed and data were collected using a self-designed instrument from eight universities in Uganda. Structural equation analysis using Partial Least Squares was used for statistical analysis of the data. Major findings from 337 valid responses indicate that ICT usage, home culture, school culture, and disposable income significantly impact the reading habits of university students in Uganda. 相似文献
2.
Our objectives for this article are twofold: first, to examine the convergence of nations with regard to ICT access; and second, to see whether countries in the same continental region (South and East Asia, West and Middle East Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania) or having same initial ICT access have coalesced into groups. We constructed an ICT access index using three indicators (mobile phone, Internet, and broadband use per 100 population) for a sample of 198 nations for the 16-year period from 2000 to 2015. Results show that digital divide has declined in relative terms, but not in absolute terms. The countries, starting at lower ICT levels, are not adopting ICT faster than the leaders. Continental region-wise analysis also shows that the catch-up is maximum for already developed countries, and minimum for countries in African and Oceania continental regions. 相似文献
3.
This study was interested in determining whether ethnicity-based cultural differences affected knowledge usage in today's multicultural organizations. Our empirical study uses a psychology-based approach to measure what we refer to as implicit managerial knowledge of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) workers within three Australian organizations. The research instrument captures responses to various ICT workplace scenarios in order to determine and compare the different ways in which people make use of the implicit knowledge they use to manage themselves and others. Using the culture-based literature to assist with interpretation of the data, we have identified a number of themes and their characteristics and brought these together to provide a comprehensive model for understanding cultural influences. This model can be used to better appreciate why and perhaps anticipate how an individual's implicit managerial knowledge will be used in responding to everyday workplace situations. Such an understanding will assist organizations to develop appropriate and effective knowledge management strategies. 相似文献
4.
AbstractInternational Telecommunication Union’s ICT Development Index and related measures of a country’s ICT development maturity suffer from several limitations, including subjective estimation of the weights of individual indicators and sub-indices, use of inappropriate quantitative models, specification bias arising from the exclusion of potential predictors from the estimation models, and a failure to capture the disparities among different groups of countries. To overcome these problems and provide a more reliable measure of ICT development, this study develops the Modified ICT Maturity Level Index using the 2015 data of 166 countries. This index adds affordability, efficiency, and quality to the existing sub-indices of access, use, and skills. Sub-index and indicator weights are determined in an outcome-orientated way using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. We find that affordability, quality, and efficiency significantly explain the variation in the level of maturity of ICT development in addition to the previously used dimensions of International Telecommunication Union’s ICT Development Index and modified ICT Development Index (mIDI) developed by Gerpott and Ahmadi, and that their explanatory power differ by a country’s level of economic development. The new index produces significantly different country rankings. This has important implications for ICT policy priorities and provides a measure of ICT development maturity less prone to the innocent or intentional distortion of such policy priorities. 相似文献
5.
The affluent markets of developed countries have become very competitive. Therefore, companies are trying to explore market opportunities at the segment of low-income people termed as “Bottom of the Pyramid” (BOP). With the proliferation in popularity and reduction in the price of smartphones, there is a potential market opportunity for smartphone producing companies at the BOP segment. The companies need to identify the factors influencing smartphone adoption at the BOP in order to explore this market opportunity. The current study extends the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with “Perceived Monetary Value” to investigate the antecedents of smartphone adoption at the BOP. Empirical analysis has shown that “Performance Expectancy” (PE), “Effort Expectancy” (EE), “Social Influence” (SI), and “Perceived Monetary Value” (PMV) predict the “Behavioral Intention” (BI), and BI and “Facilitating Conditions” (FC) predict the “Use Behavior” (UB). Findings from this study can be used by the managers of the companies targeting the BOP segment in pricing, marketing, and product-specific decision-making process. The policymakers can also analyze the results of this study for successful implementation and delivery of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based services for the BOP segment. 相似文献
6.
教育信息化评估体系对于促进教育信息化发展起着非常重要的作用,然而目前大部分评估体系都存在缺乏定位性和建议性的问题。这些问题可以通过在评估体系中引入信息化发展阶段论的方式解决。本文首先对国内外现存教育信息化评估体系进行了总结,然后介绍了国外3个比较有影响的信息化发展阶段模型,最后以联合国教科文组织亚太地区教育信息化评估体系为例,探讨了将信息化发展阶段论与教育信息化评估体系相结合的具体问题。 相似文献
7.
互联网和ICT的过度发展导致了严重的信息超载,人们发现接受处理的新信息越来越多,越来越复杂,它导致了信息压力、信息焦虑以及信息处理的低效。人们只有成为更好的信息加工者才能克服信息超载,其对策和方法是进行信息素养教育以及搜索工具的正确运用。 相似文献
8.
Thorsten Busch 《Ethics and Information Technology》2011,13(4):339-353
This conceptual article discusses strategies of corporations in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector and their role in the conflict over access to knowledge in the digital environment. Its main hypothesis is that ICT corporations are very capable actors when it comes to bridging digital divides in both developed and developing countries??maybe even the most capable actors. Therefore, it is argued that ICT corporations could use their capabilities to help citizens gain sustainable access to knowledge in order to enable them to lead self-sufficient lives. In a nutshell, capabilities are presented as both the input (capabilities of ICT corporations) as well as the output (capability building for empowering citizens) of corporate strategy-making focusing on fair ICT. Corporate citizenship is put forth as the theoretical concept bridging corporate strategies and access to knowledge: If ICT corporations act in accordance with their self-understanding of being ??good corporate citizens??, they could be crucial partners in lessening digital divides and helping citizens gain access to knowledge. From the perspective of ??integrative economic ethics?? (Ulrich 2008), it is argued that ICT corporations have good reason to actively empower citizens in both developed and developing countries by pursuing ??inclusive?? strategies in many fields, such as open-source software development. That way, ICT corporations could enable, support and provide citizens with capabilities enabling them to help themselves. In order to make inclusive business models work, the rules and regulations companies find themselves in today must enable them to act responsibly without getting penalized by more ruthless competitors. This article explores several cases from the ICT field to illustrate the interplay between a responsible business model and the rules and regulations of the industry. From a capabilities perspective, the most desirable mix of corporate strategies and industry regulation is one that results in the highest level of generativity (Zittrain 2008). Thus, ICT should not be closed systems only driven by the company behind them. Instead, they need to be open for the highest possible level of third-party innovation. 相似文献
9.
Akshay Bhagwatwar Noriko Hara Marcus A. Ynalvez 《International Journal of Information Management》2013,33(6):963-970
Journal and conference publications are well-known measures of scientific and academic research productivity. Prior research on scientific productivity that studies dimensions such as research culture, technological support, and researcher collaboration focuses on Western world contexts. Asian countries, such as Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan have received attention recently for the quality of their educational institutions, which have increasingly emphasized research productivity. With a large number of established and funded public universities, these countries show a strong potential for future scientific research. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the factors that influence the research productivity of scholars in these countries. In this paper the focus is specifically on the research productivity of students and faculty members in three countries: Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan. We investigate an important factor that influences research productivity: technology usage, which we conceptualize as the summation of mobile phone and computer usage. In addition, we analyze the relationship between technology usage and international collaboration. 相似文献
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11.
Based on a wide-ranging literature review, we argue that the information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure has not received adequate attention for its role in the development and maintenance of industrial clusters. This article develops expectations for how firms in an industrial cluster make use of a public, broadband ICT infrastructure, particularly in support of e-commerce applications. We further address the question of whether ICT use, by enabling stronger ties to non-cluster partners, can weaken clusters. A case study of a successful biotechnology cluster in Denmark and Sweden—the Medicon Valley—is used to explore ICT use in a knowledge-intensive cluster context. We conclude that ICT use appears to strengthen rather than weaken the Medicon Valley cluster, and that firms located within a cluster appear to gain some unique advantages from their ICT usage that are not necessarily available to firms outside the cluster. 相似文献
12.
Donna Vaughan 《Ethics and Information Technology》2011,13(2):131-150
The use of the capability approach as an evaluative tool for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy and programs
in developing countries, in particular at a grass-roots community level, is an emerging field of application. However, one
of the difficulties with ICT for development (ICT4D) evaluations is in linking what is often no more than a resource, for
example basic access, to actual outcomes, or means to end. This article argues that the capability approach provides a framework
for evaluating the strength of this linkage and that the latter is a key determinant of whether or not communities sustain
ICT4D programs beyond the initial start-up phase. The argument is made by describing an evaluative application of the capabilities
approach to community ICT4D programs using two Indigenous community case studies conducted in Cape York, in the far north-east
of Australia. Key to the evaluative approach is the identification of community defined, context specific concepts of well-being
and constitutive valued functionings and the derivation from this of required capabilities. This move away from normative
definitions of capabilities or capability types to a definition that reflects the Indigenous culture, history, circumstances,
and well-being aspirations of each community is intended to give a voice to the people and at the same time provide a deeper
informational base—through narrative—for policy and program design than has previously been available. The article concludes
that by operationalising the capability approach in a context and purpose specific way, policy and program design can be improved
so as to include more communities on the margin and thereby achieve more socially inclusive ICT based development. A process
is also outlined for using the evaluative application of the capability approach for community ICT4D within a policy feedback
loop. 相似文献
13.
This paper explores the much ignored but critically important subject of the perceived relationship between information and communications technology (ICT), information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM). Defining the border between ICT, IM and KM, and especially the maturity remains a highly debatable topic. These issues could be concisely summarized as being diverse and problematic and located across the spectrum of views. Prior studies suggest that even though KM is strongly entrenched and rests on the foundation of ICT and IM, very little is reported in the literature on ICT and IM as enablers to KM. From a large urban South African University engaged in numerous collaboration programs with industry, the authors gained insight into growth of KM maturity in industry groupings over a 5-year period. The authors applied an inventory developed by Kruger and Snyman [Kruger, C. J., & Snyman, M. M. M. (2007). A guideline for assessing the knowledge management maturity of organizations. South African Journal of Information Management,9(3). Electronic Journal [Online]. Available www.sajim.co.za. Accessed 15 October 2007] to a set of 86 organizations distributed over nine economic sectors in South Africa. In total 434 employees were interviewed over three group levels (operational, middle and senior management). This was achieved by having 178 senior practitioners to each interview three subjects (one in each group level). 相似文献
14.
中国地区间数字鸿沟的现状与对策 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
本文对我国各地区间信息化差距的现状进行了比较研究,并提出了相关的政策建议。其核心观点是,中西部内陆地区与东部沿海地区之间存在巨大的信息化差距,即所谓的数字鸿沟,其根源在于各地区社会经济发展的不平衡,同时这一差距本身也有可能进一步加剧社会经济发展的不平衡。政府应该采取适当的措施以阻止差距的进一步扩大。政策建议包括:加大对中西部地区通信基础设施和教育的投资,提高中西部地区的公共信息服务水平等。 相似文献
15.
Elizabeth Davidson 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):297-299
Information and communication technology (ICT) has changed the lives of people at the operative level; it is less clear in what ways and to what extent it has changed the way people feel and develop as human beings. We create excellent means, but are we feeling better and getting better, and by what criteria should we evaluate our progress? Operative power is needed for the human progress, but it is not enough. In this article we consider the traditional values of knowledge, goodness (ethics), and beauty (aesthetics) as the criteria of human progress, and how our embrace of ICT has affected our advance toward these values. We round up our discussion with reflections on aspects of human nature that lead people along the ways of knowledge, goodness, and beauty, and also those that hinder such advancement. 相似文献
16.
April D'Aubin 《The Information Society》2013,29(3):193-201
This article describes the rights-based approach to access to information and communications technologies (ICT) used by the Council of Canadians with Disabilities (CCD). This approach challenges the thinking of policymakers, those in industry, and others who argue that access to ICT can be achieved through a variety of economic, business, or market-based perspectives. It argues that these approaches have failed to deliver accessible ICT to people with disabilities, and that improved legislation, regulation, policy, and programs are required to remove the barriers to ICT experienced by people with disabilities in Canada. 相似文献
17.
《The Information Society》2007,23(3):193-201
This article describes the rights-based approach to access to information and communications technologies (ICT) used by the Council of Canadians with Disabilities (CCD). This approach challenges the thinking of policymakers, those in industry, and others who argue that access to ICT can be achieved through a variety of economic, business, or market-based perspectives. It argues that these approaches have failed to deliver accessible ICT to people with disabilities, and that improved legislation, regulation, policy, and programs are required to remove the barriers to ICT experienced by people with disabilities in Canada. 相似文献
18.
Payam Hanafizadeh Mohammad Reza Hanafizadeh Mohsen Khodabakhshi 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):236-247
In this article a methodology is presented to extract indicators that appropriately measure the information society and the digital divide between countries and the relevant statistics that the majority of countries can collect. With the help of content analysis, the entropy method, and consideration of the diffusion aspects of digitalization, 37 reputable information society and digital divide models are analyzed to indentify “core information and communication technology (ICT) indicators.” To overcome the limitation of the nonexistence of data, the information and the knowledge embedded in information society and digital divide models are employed as proxies for experts' opinions for extracting the core ICT indicators. Comparison of the prior indicators and the proposed ones reveals that the former ignore three important dimensions: e-learning, e-government, and networked world enablers. 相似文献
19.
基于国际电信联盟（ITU）曾经使用的信息通信技术发展指数（旧IDI），提出改进的信息通信技术/数字化发展指数（新IDI）。2007年以来，金砖五国信息化和数字经济水平均有较大提升，其中四国的信息通信技术（ICT）/数字化发展水平已达到或接近G20国家中等水平。金砖五国中，俄罗斯ICT接入指数最高，中国、南非和印度ICT接入情况得到了明显改善；中国ICT应用指数增长近3倍，其他四国也在ICT应用领域得到显著提高；在ICT技能上，俄罗斯、中国与南非已有超过90%、巴西为超过85%的国民拥有互联网上交流和使用的条件；总体看来，俄罗斯相关发展水平长期领先，中国、巴西与南非居中，印度与其他四国有一定差距。相比2007年，金砖国家平均信息通信技术/数字化发展指数（IDI）水平在2020年时和G20平均水平的差距已大幅缩小，主要得益于其网络建设和普及。分析表明，IDI与各国在信息通信领域发表的SCI论文数和WOS中的非SCI论文数（不考虑2020年）存在正相关，中国以及巴俄印三国（不考虑2020年）专利数量与IDI指数之间具有一定的正相关，巴西、俄罗斯、南非三国的IDI与本国人均生产总值的关联度不显... 相似文献
20.
Charles Steinfield Robert LaRose Han Ei Chew Stephanie Tom Tong 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):110-120
This study examines the relationships between information and communication technologies (ICT) usage, the benefits a company derives from membership in a rural business cluster, and the success of rural companies. Analysis of 333 rural businesses located in northern lower Michigan showed a strong relationship between (a) ICT adoption and benefits derived from the membership in business clusters, (b) ICT adoption and self-reported business success, and (c) benefits derived from business clusters and business success. Although analysis indicates that these relationships may be industry specific, results suggest that ICT adoption by rural enterprises may have advantages for the region's social capital and business success and may help reduce the digital divide experienced in rural communities. 相似文献