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1.
以创新教育为核心的中国教育现代化是当前我国深化教育改革与发展的主要任务。创新教育与传统教育以知识为导向不同,更加强调学生能力的发展,也被称为"能力导向教育"。能力导向教育的落地首先需要明确能力导向教学范式的意涵、特征和应用模式。PISA测试作为一种国际公认的典型的能力测试范式,为能力导向教学范式提供了理论观照和实践指引。从PISA测试对学生能力培养要求来看,能力导向教学范式是一种以学生所掌握的学科知识为基础,将其与知识应用领域的真实情境相联系,旨在促进和发展学生的问题解决、批判性思维、社会沟通等核心素养和21世纪技能的教学范式。它具有基于真实的问题情境开展教学、学习过程由概念化转向模型化、聚焦高阶思维发展等主要特征。深入到教学实践领域,能力导向教学范式的典型模式是基于项目的学习,强调知识在真实问题情境中的运用和做中学的实践哲学。能力导向教学范式不仅能够在教学实践中真正改变知识导向占据主导地位、为应试而获取知识的教育现状,更有助于开拓以发展学生核心素养和21世纪技能为主导的创新人才培养新格局。 相似文献
2.
Petra H. M. Cremers Arjen E. J. Wals Renate Wesselink Martin Mulder 《Learning Environments Research》2016,19(3):309-334
In today’s knowledge society, there is a demand for professionals who are able to create knowledge across boundaries of disciplines, professions and perspectives. Traditional universities, universities of applied sciences and institutions for vocational education are all challenged to educate these knowledge workers. Accordingly, these institutions are developing competence-based education programmes that promote authentic, self-directed learning and the development of a professional identity. A possible environment for realising this type of learning is the hybrid learning configuration in which learning is embedded in ill-defined and highly-authentic tasks. This study attempted to identify a set of principles that can underpin the design of such a learning configuration at the interface between school and workplace. The research approach consisted of educational design research. Starting from cognitive constructivist and socio-cultural perspectives, a set of initial design principles was developed and evaluated from the perspective of the participants during three consecutive iterations of design and implementation. The process resulted in a set of seven refined design principles which can be used as heuristics to guide the design and development of hybrid learning configurations in contexts that have similar goals and aligned tenets. 相似文献
3.
Recent developments in competence-based education have motivated institutions of vocational education and training (VET) to
improve the links or connectivity between learning in school and learning in the workplace, which has been a problem for decades.
In previous research, a theoretical framework describing the underlying aspects of competence-based education was developed.
In this study, three aspects of this framework were used to analyse connectivity between learning in school and learning in
the workplace. These aspects were: i) authenticity, ii) selfresponsibility, and iii) the role of the teacher as expert and
coach. Three stakeholder groups (i.e., students, teachers, and workplace training supervisors) involved in secondary VET programs
in the field of life sciences in the Netherlands were questioned on these aspects. Based on their interviews, it is concluded
that these aspects provide information about the process of connectivity. Because stakeholder groups hold different conceptions
of workplace learning and often do not communicate adequately about mutual responsibilities, the implementation of these aspects
of competence-based education has not significantly improved the connectivity situation. Nevertheless, these aspects of competence-based
education can guide stakeholder groups in making clearer agreements about mutual responsibilities, which may improve connectivity
in the future. 相似文献
4.
H. Schaap E. de Bruijn M. F. Van der Schaaf L. K.J. Baartman P. A. Kirschner 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(6):567-586
Students in competence-based vocational education are expected to actively construct a personal professional theory, in which they integrate different types of knowledge and beliefs. Students' personal professional theories are seen as an important learning outcome of competence-based vocational education. However, it is unknown how personal professional theories can be measured. This study focused on measuring the content and nature of students' personal professional theories using a multi-method triangulation approach, in which 16 students in the domain of Social Work constructed a concept map, an interview and a self-report. The results show that the relatively structured methods (i.e., interviews and concept maps) reveal more insight into students' personal professional theories than less structured methods (i.e., self-reports). It is concluded that both structure as well as adequate prompts are important in the process of explicating personal professional theories. 相似文献
5.
知识经济时代的人力资本政策——教育系统的使命与面临的挑战 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在全球化背景下,世界各国都被纳入了知识经济的洪流。劳动力市场中岗位特性的变化带来了对工作者技能要求的变化,要求建立以能力为基础的人才培养机制。在具有动态性和开放性特点的知识经济环境下,能力的提升和保障需要依靠灵活和持续的终身学习体系。因此,教育系统要提供公平而有质量的教育,就需要转变教育实践和教育研究的工作范式,最终建立终身学习的体系和现代教育管理系统。 相似文献
6.
邱翠榕 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2012,11(4):51-53,57
针对当前汽车检测与维修技术专业课程教学中的理论与实践分离问题,结合现代职业教育体系以能力为本位的培养思路,开发出紧贴汽车行业人才需求变化的汽车机电维修的汽车电器综合化模块课程,采用教学做一体化教学方法,通过实践,效果显著,学生能较快掌握相关知识和技能操作。 相似文献
7.
Xavier Roegiers 《Prospects》2007,37(2):155-186
The article deals with a particular aspect of the competencies-based approach in the curricula of basic and secondary education: the role of complex situations in learning. What should their role be so that education systems gain both in effectiveness and equity? Many research outcomes have shown that it is important to stress first and foremost complex “post” situations in learning knowledge, know-how and life-skills. It is a matter of complex situations (integrative pedagogy) in which the pupil is invited to use the knowledge, know-how and life-skills already acquired, not as ends in themselves, but as resources that the pupils employ to confront the complexity of their environment. It shows to what extent using the problem-solving approach to inculcate knowledge and know-how, in other words using complex situations for “prior” learning, represents a less suitable innovation. 相似文献
8.
当今高校学习应提倡一种科学、合理、富有创新思维的学习方法——创造性学习方法。这种方法是创造性教育的一种形式,它以独立性、发展性和灵活性为特征,重视知识的产生过程,学生能够运用已学知识,适应新情况,探索分析问题,发展出新知识和理解新知识,并且以学生为主体,在培养过程中应以学生的自主能力为主,以掌握新奇、灵活而高效的学习方法和良好的学习习惯为重点培养目标。 相似文献
9.
The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the interplay between student perceptions of competence-based assessment and student self-efficacy, and how this influences student learning outcomes. Results reveal that student perceptions of the form authenticity aspect and the quality feedback aspect of assessment do predict student self-efficacy, confirming the role of mastery experiences and social persuasions in enhancing student self-efficacy as stated by social cognitive theory. Findings do not confirm mastery experiences as being a stronger source of self-efficacy information than social persuasions. Study results confirm the predictive role of students’ self-efficacy on their competence outcomes. Mediation analysis results indicate that student’s perceptions of assessment have an indirect effect on student’s competence evaluation outcomes through student’s self-efficacy. Study findings highlight which assessment characteristics, positively influencing students’ learning, contribute to the effectiveness of competence-based education. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are indicated. 相似文献
10.
丁晓娜 《大学.研究与评价》2009,(9):87-91
从介绍澳大利亚的职业教育体系入手,分析其完善的管理体制特别是对职业教育质量举办者、课程和学习内容质量保证方面的管理和师资建设,比较全面地反映了澳大利亚以行业需求为导向、以能力为基础、沟通普通教育、全国统一的独具特色的职业教育,为我国大力发展职业教育、建设人力资源强国提供借鉴。 相似文献
11.
加拿大高职能力本位课程教学大纲探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加拿大高职能力本位课程教学大纲具有以下特点:课程大纲理念与内容始终贯穿职业能力这一主线,课程大纲开发与结果始终贯穿"行业、企业导向",课程大纲目标与实施始终体现能力本位的整合能力观。借鉴其经验,我国高职教育课程大纲开发应体现全面的职业能力,设计能力培养方案,规划"教、学、做一体化"。 相似文献
12.
朱跃龙 《淮阴师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,25(3):347-349
网络时代给教育带来了许多新变化、新特点。教师要适应这些变化，就应实现角色转换，从化知识的提供、知识内容的传授、教学活动的权威转变为知识学习的合作、知识体系的建构、学习方式的指导。 相似文献
13.
Reconsidering Competence 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Terry Hyland 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》1997,31(3):491-503
Attempts by David Bridges and others to justify certain models of competence-based education and training (CBET) are criticised on the grounds that they do not challenge the behaviouristic nature of the functional analysis system which underpins CBET. Competence strategies serve to de-skill and de-professionalise teaching and other public-service occupations by their technicist and reductionist approach to human values and knowledge. Educators committed to liberal values should eschew competence strategies in favour of learning theories inspired by the experiential tradition. 相似文献
14.
Judith T. M. Gulikers Piety Runhaar Martin Mulder 《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2018,70(2):212-231
This contribution shows an example of how an assessment innovation can serve as a flywheel for changing teaching and learning. This article first explains the development of an authentic, competence-based performance assessment in pre-vocational secondary education (pre-VET). Using these assessments in pre-VET, that is preparatory to VET, is important for motivating students for a future in VET. Second, in an action research 34 teacher teams of 11 pre-VET institutions implement the new assessment, supported by researchers and teacher coaches, to illuminate how it motivates students, prepares them for VET, and influences teaching and learning. Data from 76 teachers, 68 students, 24 teacher coaches and 3 researchers showed how implementing these assessments raised questions about changing educational content and pedagogy to fit a competence-based approach. Increasing teachers’ expectations of students, changing student-teacher interaction patterns, and developing teachers’ practical understanding of competencies and how they can be observed and discussed in assessments are some of the intriguing challenges that require further support for proper implementation of competence-based assessments and developing an aligned competence-based teaching and learning process. 相似文献
15.
Evelyn Bergsmann Julia Klug Christoph Burger Nora Först Christiane Spiel 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2018,43(4):537-554
There is a lively discussion on how to evaluate competence-based higher education in both evaluation and competence research. The instruments used are often limited to course evaluation or specific competences, taking a rather narrow perspective. Furthermore, the instruments often comprise predetermined competences that cannot be adapted to higher education needs. The aim of this paper is to provide a flexible screening instrument into which practitioners/evaluators of study programmes can themselves insert the competences they are interested in, i.e. competences students ought to acquire through their study programme. The present study describes the development of the Competence Screening Questionnaire for Higher Education (CSQ-HE) in different domains of higher education. Results show that the CSQ-HE provides plausible screening information whilst fulfilling evaluation standards. It can be integrated into a higher education institution’s internal quality management system to demonstrate a programme’s legitimacy and enhance competence-based teaching and learning. Strengths, weaknesses and implications for practice are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Päivi Tynjälä Anne Virtanen Ulla Klemola Emma Kostiainen Helena Rasku-Puttonen 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2016,39(3):368-387
The purpose of the study was to examine how social competence and other generic skills can be developed in teacher education using a pedagogical model called Integrative Pedagogy. This model is based on the idea of integrating the four basic components of expertise: Theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge, self-regulative knowledge, and sociocultural knowledge. The subjects of the study were 95 student-teachers. The data were collected with questionnaires. In addition to social skills, the student-teachers reported learning of domain-specific skills, generic academic skills, skills for acting creatively in different situations and development of independence. We conclude that the model of Integrative Pedagogy is feasible in teacher education. 相似文献
17.
Researching the competence-based curriculum: preface to a case study of four urban secondary schools
This introductory article accompanies three further articles forming a case study research project undertaken to describe the experience of four urban secondary schools implementing a competence-based curriculum for students in their first year of secondary education. The nature of such competence-based curricula is discussed in the context of secondary schools before providing an outline of the context of each of the case study schools. A democratic and emancipatory view of education provides the rationale for the development of transferable competencies, and this is considered with respect to the challenges of engaging in a cross-disciplinary approach to the curriculum. These challenges are viewed through the lens of Bernstein's concepts of strong and weak framing and horizontal and vertical discourses. Each of the accompanying articles takes up a different aspect of education, focusing on curriculum planning, teaching and learning, and leadership and management respectively. Further challenges with regard to changes in the English curriculum are briefly reflected upon. Finally an outline of the case study methodology which was employed in the study is provided. 相似文献
18.
Oscar Jerez Leslier Valenzuela Veronica Pizarro Beatriz Hasbun Gabriela Valenzuela Cesar Orsini 《Teachers and Teaching》2016,22(4):519-534
In recent decades, higher education institutions worldwide have been moving from knowledge-based to competence-based curricula. One of the greatest challenges in this transition is the difficulty in changing the knowledge-oriented practices of teachers. This study evaluates the consistency between syllabus design and the requirements imposed by a competence-based learning environment. To make this comparison, the study sets four criteria (C1: explicit relationship between syllabus and graduate profile; C2: precision of the learning outcomes and assessment criteria; C3: contents that mobilise the learning outcomes; and C4: learning and assessment activities) derived from the literature and a thematic analysis of competence-based learning in higher education. Afterwards, a sample of 150 syllabi from different disciplines of five Chilean public universities were analysed, all of which stated the use of learning outcomes and competences in their learning models. Using a three-point Likert scale derived from the aforementioned criteria and their indicators, a comparison was made between the actual practices reflected in the syllabus design and the previously established criteria. Results show a gap between the declaration of a competency-based curriculum and actual syllabus outlines. Moreover, there are important differences among disciplines. Although all disciplines present high levels of accomplishment for Criteria 1 and 3, only the discipline of health sciences presents an acceptable level for Criteria 2 and 4. It is recommended that further research be undertaken towards identifying effective competency-based syllabus design. 相似文献
19.
从历史和比较的视角,通过对欧美和澳大利亚等国家的案例分析,对能力本位教育的起源和变化发展进行深入的研究;梳理了能力本位教育的相关概念,总结了有关能力本位教育的两大模式及其特点;具体阐述了高等教育阶段能力本位教育的概念、制度以及构成能力本位教育的内容在不同历史阶段和不同国家的具体表现。 相似文献
20.
张炳华 《江苏广播电视大学学报》2014,(5):12-17
建立质量标准是保证开放大学教育质量的核心要素。通过问卷调查和访谈研究发现,学生时间投入、知识基础、学习参与、办学组织管理和质量监控是目前影响远程教育质量的主要因素;教师队伍、支持服务、课程资源、质量管理和网络平台是影响开放大学远程教育质量的前五大要素,也是开放大学质量标准的关键要素。开放大学质量评价要突出能力本位,开放大学高等学历教育要采用与普通高校相同的教育质量要求,建构以能力和学习成效为本的开放大学质量标准。 相似文献