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1.
烟雾吸入伤早期氧化与抗氧化动态平衡变化的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用大鼠烟雾吸入伤模型，动态观察了伤后血浆、支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）和肺组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和共轭二烯（ＣＤ）含量的变化，辅以动脉血气分析、肺水量测定、ＢＡＬＦ中白细胞分类计数和病理检查．结果发现，伤后动物出现急性呼吸衰竭和严重肺水肿，肺内大量炎细胞聚集浸润；血浆、ＢＡＬＦ及肺组织中ＳＯＤ活性明显降低，ＣＤ和ＭＤＡ含量显著增加，ＭＤＡ／ＳＯＤ比值亦明显增高，且与ＢＡＬＦ中中性粒细胞数增加显著相关，提示氧化与抗氧化平衡失调可能在急性烟雾吸入性肺损伤的发生发展中起重要作用  相似文献   

2.
The effect of oral administration of vitamin E for twenty-eight consecutive days on blood glucose, reduced glutathione levels, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities), and levels of malondialdehyde (as an index of free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation) was observed in the whole blood and liver of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. It was found that oral administration of vitamin E significantly (p<0.05) lowered the blood glucose level and increased the body weight of the diabetic rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase and levels of reduced glutathione increased significantly (p<0.05) while the level of lipid peroxidation decreased.  相似文献   

3.
The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Bacopa monnieri in acute experimental liver injury induced by Nitrobenzene in rats. The extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally once every day for 10 days. The increased serum marker enzymes, Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were restored towards normalization significantly by the extract. Significant increase in SOD, CAT and GPx was observed in extract treated liver injured experimental rats. Histopathological examination of the liver tissues supported the hepatoprotection. It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Bacopa monieri plant possess good hepatoprotective activity.  相似文献   

4.
Oral administration of ethanol extract of the rhizome ofPirorhiza kurroa at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight, for 10 consecutive days, was found to enhance the rate of healing on Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats, compared to the ulcerated group without treatment. The level of peroxidised lipid, in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), in gastric tissue, was increased in ulcerated rats which was restored to near normalcy on treatment with ethanol extract. The specific activity ofin vivo antioxidant enzymes, viz SOD and catalase and total tissue sulfhydryl (thiol) group, which were markedly decreased in ulcerated group, were found to be significantly elevated (p<0.05), on treatment with the above extract, at the specified dose, compared to the indomethacin—induced ulcerated group without any supporting treatment. The present study thus suggests that the ethanol extract of rhizome ofPicrorhiza kurroa, at the dose of 20mg/kg body weight, accelerated the healing of stomach wall of indomethacin induced gastric ulcerated rats by anin vivo free radical scavenging action.  相似文献   

5.
Mercury pollution and acute neurotoxicity of mercury is well known. The recent reports suggest the adverse effect of low dose mercury, though the available literature is still silent on its mechanism. This study was therefore undertaken to probe the effect of low dose methyl mercury induced heavy metal toxicity on free radical stress and its impact on behaviour of male albino rats. Male albino rats were exposed to 1 mg/kg body wt of methylmercury chloride for seven days, on day 8 they were tested for motor and memory functions. They were sacrificed later for biochemical estimations for rate of lipid peroxidation, nucleic acids, proteins in cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem. There was an increase in the rate of lipid peroxidation showing methyl mercury induced free radical stress. The motor and memory functions demonstrated a clear decline, besides there was a lowering in the levels of nucleic acids and proteins as compared to controls. The results are important in view of recent reports that methyl mercury induced free radical stress results in early ageing and may serve as an initiating factor more specifically for neurodegenerative disorders like Alzeihemer's disease and dementias. The current findings support the notion that incorporating dietary antioxidants like curcumin, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol in routine diet from early age may help combat the risk of developing such disorders in ensuing years.  相似文献   

6.
Myoglobin is one of the premature identifying cardiac markers, whose concentration increases from 90 pg∕ml or less to over 250 ng∕ml in the blood serum of human beings after minor heart attack. Separation, detection, and quantification of myoglobin play a vital role in revealing the cardiac arrest in advance, which is the challenging part of ongoing research. In the present work, one of the electrokinetic approaches, i.e., dielectrophoresis (DEP), is chosen to separate the myoglobin. A mathematical model is developed for simulating dielectrophoretic behavior of a myoglobin molecule in a microchannel to provide a theoretical basis for the above application. This model is based on the introduction of a dielectrophoretic force and a dielectric myoglobin model. A dielectric myoglobin model is developed by approximating the shape of the myoglobin molecule as sphere, oblate, and prolate spheroids. A generalized theoretical expression for the dielectrophoretic force acting on respective shapes of the molecule is derived. The microchannel considered for analysis has an array of parallel rectangular electrodes at the bottom surface. The potential and electric field distributions are calculated using Green’s theorem method and finite element method. These results also compared to the Fourier series method, closed form solutions by Morgan et al. [J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34, 1553 (2001)] and Chang et al. [J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 36, 3073 (2003)]. It is observed that both Green’s theorem based analytical solution and finite element based numerical solution for proposed model are closely matched for electric field and square electric field gradients. The crossover frequency is obtained as 40 MHz for given properties of myoglobin and for all approximated shapes of myoglobin molecule. The effect of conductivity of medium and myoglobin on the crossover frequency is also demonstrated. Further, the effect of hydration layer on the crossover frequency of myoglobin molecules is also presented. Both positive and negative DEP effects on myoglobin molecules are obtained by switching the frequency of applied electric field. The effect of different shapes of myoglobin on DEP force is studied and no significant effect on DEP force is observed. Finally, repulsion of myoglobin molecules from the electrode plane at 1 KHz frequency and 10 V applied voltage is observed. These results provide the ability of applying DEP force for manipulating nanosized biomolecules such as myoglobin.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) in insulin disturbance and hyperglycemia associated with brain oxidative damage in streptozotocin-treated rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered to male albino rats as a single intraperitoneal dose (60 mg/kg body weight). GABA (200 mg/Kg body weight/day) was administered daily via gavages during 3 weeks to STZ-treated-rats. Male albino rats Sprague–Dawley (10 ± 2 weeks old; 120 ± 10 g body weight) were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats and treated in parallel. (1) Control group: received distilled water, (2) GABA group: received GABA, (3) STZ group: STZ-treated rats received distilled water, (4) STZ + GABA group: STZ-treated rats received GABA. Rats were sacrificed after a fasting period of 12 h next last dose of GABA. The results obtained showed that STZ-treatment produced hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency (similar to type1 Diabetes). These changes were associated with oxidative damage in brain tissue and notified by significant decreases of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in parallel to significant increases of malondialdehyde and advanced oxidation protein products levels. The histopathology reports also revealed that STZ-treatment produced degeneration of pancreatic cells. The administration of GABA to STZ-treated rats preserved pancreatic tissue with improved insulin secretion, improved glucose level and minimized oxidative stress in brain tissues. It could be concluded that GABA might protect the brain from oxidative stress and preserve pancreas tissues with adjusting glucose and insulin levels in Diabetic rats and might decrease the risk of neurodegenerative disease in diabetes.  相似文献   

8.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of T. arjuna stembark extract and to study the activities of hexokinase, aldolase and phosphoglucoisomerase, and gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase in liver and kidney of normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of ethanolic extract of bark (250 and 500mg/kg body weight) for 30 days, resulted in significant decrease of blood glucose from 302.67±22.35 to 82.50±04.72 and in a decrease in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-disphosphatase, aldolase and an increase in the activity of phosphoglucoisomerase and hexokinase in tissues. However, in the case of 250 mg/kg body weight of extract, less activity was observed. The study clearly shows that the bark extract ofT. arjuna possesses potent antidiabetic activity.  相似文献   

9.
Rats were fasted for 8 hours and then fed 3 ml of 25% (v/v) ethanol per 100g body weight and subsequently sacrificed 18 hours later. The levels of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol were significantly raised in serum and liver of alcohol fed rats. However, when rats were fed on aqucous extract of onions (300 mg per 100g body weight) with 25% ethanol, no rise in serum and liver lipids was observed. Alcohol fed to the fats with or without onion extract had no effect on serum, AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase levels. The increase in serum urea in ethanol-fed rats was not altered in rats fed a mixture of alcohol and onion extracts. Values of liver MDA was lower in rats fed ethanol with or without onion extract compared to controls. Onion extract seemed to show a hypolipidemic effect in alcohol fed rats.  相似文献   

10.
Cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity is remarkably documented by reactive oxygen species. Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide and has a scavenging property. The aim of present study was to assess the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in association with oxidative stress in cisplatin -treated and 10 subsequent doses of carnosine-pretreated rats. 24 male Albino Wistar rats, were randomly divided into four groups (n=6). Group I remains untreated; Group II received Cisplatin (3 mg / kg) for 5 alternate days; Group III received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) for consecutive 10 days; Group IV received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) before administration of Cisplatin (3 mg / kg). The effects of carnosine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity were evaluated by plasma creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde, nitrate; kidney tissue malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Cisplatin-induced oxidative stress was indicated by increased level of tissue MDA, 4-HNE and decreased level of tissue GSH, SOD and Catalase. Marked elevation of kidney weight and reduced body weight and pathological changes in kidney tissues were also observed in Cisplatin-treated rats. Carnosine reduced these pathological changes and counteracted the deleterious effects of cisplatin. The results divulge the beneficial effect of Carnosine pretreatment with cisplatin in experimental rat model.  相似文献   

11.
Free radicals are implicated in various chronic diseases. There has always been a search for new antioxidants. In this paper we have investigated Tamra bhasma, a metallic ayurvedic preparation. It is a time-tested medicine in Ayurveda and is in clinical use for various ailments specifically the free radical mediated diseases. Our results show that Tamra bhasma inhibits lipid peroxidation (LPO), prevents the rate of aerial oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and induces the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat liver homogenate in the bi-phasic manner. The drug was orally given for 7, 15 and 30 days in different doses. Best protective response was found at the dose of 0.5mg/100g body weight in albino rats, although it showed some histopathological changes at the dose of 20mg/100g body weight. The results suggest that this Ayurvedic preparation is not merely a source of copper metal, but it is a strong anti-oxidant with no detectable adverse effect in lower doses of therapeutic range.  相似文献   

12.
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on glycoprotein components in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague–Dawley rats. Mammary tumor was induced by a single dose of DMBA (25 mg/rat) injected subcutaneously near mammary gland. The levels of glycoprotein components such as hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid were analyzed colorimetrically in plasma, mammary and liver tissues. We observed an increased levels of glycoprotein components in plasma, mammary and liver tissues in cancer bearing rats. It was further confirmed by Periodic Acid Schiff staining in mammary and liver tissues. Upon oral administration of AITC to DMBA injected rats, the abnormal changes were reverted back to near normal levels and biochemical findings are supported by histological analysis. This could be due to the anti-neoplastic potential of AITC against DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. The result shows that AITC has the potential to inhibit abnormal glycosylation that favors neoplastic transformation.  相似文献   

13.
The effect of dietary supplementation with Oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps) fish at 2/3 fat replacement, on serum lipids in the cholesterol-stressed copper loaded rats was studied. Hypercholesterolemic state observed during copper toxicity was not alleviated by sardines. Copper loading significantly decreased the triglyceride levels and the activity of β-hydroxy β-methyl glutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase. Fish supplementation was further effective in reducing the triglyceride levels in copper loaded rats. Significant increase in the serum phospholipid was observed in the fish supplemented rats during copper overload. The finding suggests that hypolipidemic potential of fish is certainly altered to some extent in copper toxicity since, it is well known that copper enhances the formation of free radicals. Thus it may be concluded that sardine fish is not effective in reducing the cholesterol levels during copper toxicity.  相似文献   

14.
Daily feeding of drinking water containing lead acetate (160 mg/l) or 10% alcohol by volume or a combination of both to rats for a month produced certain deleterious effects through oxidative stress. Both heavy metal lead and alcohol are capable of doing such damages. The deleterious alterations observed were in the parameters of blood, serum and tissues, viz; Hb, Pb, proteins, lipids, lipid per oxidation, Vitamins C and E levels and enzyme activities of AST, ALT, and catalase. Simultaneous feeding of either of the two antioxidants garlic oil (GO) and vitamin E at equal doses of 100 mg/kg/day, to the rats counteracted the deleterious effects of the above two chemicals significantly. The maximum damage was brought about by feeding of drinking water containing both lead acetate and alcohol. The protective effects of GO and Vitamin E were not significantly different. The mechanism of actions of the Vitamin E and GO is probably due to their efficiency as detoxifying agents and antioxidants, to scavenging free radicals as well as an independent action of GO on the removal of lead salt as lead sulfide.  相似文献   

15.
The anti-candidial effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) was investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced after a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Rats were divided into six groups with fifteen rats in each group: (1) Normal control rats (2) Control rats + C. albicans (3) Control rats + garlic extract + C. albicans (4) Diabetic control rats (5) Diabetic rats + C. albicans (6) Diabetic rats + garlic extract + C. albicans. The concerned groups were inoculated with C.albicans on the 15 th day. At the end of one month experiment, fasted rats were killed by cervical decapitation. Blood was collected for estimation of glucose and C. albicans concentrations were estimated in liver and kidneys homogenates. A significant increase was observed in serum glucose levels in diabetic rats. A loss of bodyweight, polydipsia and polyphagia were observed in diabetic rats. Administration of alcoholic extract of garlic (0.25 g/kg body weight) reduced the hyperglycemia, polydipsia, polyphagia and associated weight loss of streptozotocin-treated rats. Administration of garlic extract significantly reduced C. albicans concentrations in liver and kidneys homogenates in infected control and diabetic rats. It is concluded that garlic extract improves candidia infection in diabetic rats.  相似文献   

16.
建立大鼠大强度耐力训练模型,研究羊肚菌对大强度耐力训练大鼠自由基代谢和运动能力的影响。测定了大鼠骨骼肌组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT三种抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化产物MDA含量,也测定了大强度耐力训练大鼠的力竭时间。结果表明：同运动对照组相比较,运动加药组大鼠骨骼肌抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性有显著性或极显著性上升,MDA含量有显著性下降,同时运动加药组大鼠力竭时间与运动对照组相比显著延长,表明在大强度耐力训练大鼠骨骼肌自由基代谢当中,补充羊肚菌发挥着良好的清除自由基和抗氧化效果。  相似文献   

17.
Serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CKMB) and myoglobin have been studied in 35 cases with myocardial infarction. Increased values for both serum CKMB and myoglobin have been found in all the patients in the second sample collected 4 hr. after admission while in 22 patients in the first sample collected immediately after admission. Thus, the present study shows a good correlation between serum CKMB and myoglobin and therefore, suggests the possibility of using the serum myoglobin estimation in early detection of myocardial infarction either alone or in combination with the serum CKMB.  相似文献   

18.
The effect of Emblica officinalis fruit extract (EFE) against alcohol-induced hepatic damage in rats was investigated in the present study. In vitro studies showed that EFE possesses antioxidant as well nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity. In vivo administration of alcohol (5 g/kg b.wt/day) for 60 days resulted increased liver lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, nitrite plus nitrate levels. Alcohol administration also significantly lowers the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione as compared with control rats. Administration of EFE (250 mg/kg body weight) to alcoholic rats significantly brought the plasma enzymes towards near normal level and also significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and restored the enzymic and non-enzymatic antioxidants level. This observation was supplemented by histopathological examination in liver. Our data indicate that the tannoid, flavonoid and NO scavenging compounds present in EFE may offer protection against free radical mediated oxidative stress in rat hepatocytes of animals with alcohol-induced liver injury.  相似文献   

19.
In this study it was planned to investigate the effect of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (derived from egg) feeding on lipid peroxidation of different tissues in rats. Male Wistar albino rats were fed oxidized and unoxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. During the period of study food intake and body weights of animals increased gradually. Animals fed oxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 and 4 weeks showed 33 and 15% spontaneous hemolysis of red blood cells in vitro. Under identical experimental conditions animals given unoxidized phosphatidylcholine showed 14.5 and 13.4% hemolysis for 2 and 4 week’s period, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in thymus, spleen, kidney, heart, liver and lung significantly increased in rats given oxidized phosphatidylcholine as compared to unoxidized group. Furthermore, in oxidized phosphatidylcholine group TBARS values in kidney, liver and lungs continued to rise for 4 weeks of treatment while TBARS level in heart, spleen and thymus was found to be decreased at the end of 4 weeks of oxidized phosphatidylcholine feeding. Plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterol was found to increase in rats who had received oxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 weeks. These findings suggest that excess and persistent intake of oxidized phosphatidylcholine can cause significant damage to organs.  相似文献   

20.
4mg and 8mg monosodium glutamate per gram body weight was administered subcutaneously for 6 consecutive days to normal adult male mice and its effect was seen on 31st day after the last injection on some antioxidant enzymes in heart. A significant dose dependent increase in lipid peroxidation and xanthine oxidase level was observed, whereas the activity of free radical scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase was decreased in both monosodium glutamate treated groups (Group-2 and Group-3). So, the present work suggested that monosodium glutamate at dose level of 4mg/g body weight and above induced oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue by changing the activity of free radical initiating enzyme such as xanthine oxidase and scavenging enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase.  相似文献   

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