共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
张路 《沈阳体育学院学报》2007,26(5):31-34
以BMI22标准体重改进模型为基本方法,以2005年辽宁省学生体质与健康调研组采集的辽宁省14个市地城乡38 861名7~18岁青少年儿童的身高、体重作为原始数据,对辽宁省青少年儿童的营养状况、肥胖与营养不足发生规律和特点进行了比较研究。结论:肥胖发生率高于营养不足发生率,城市组肥胖和营养不足发生率均高于乡村组;肥胖与营养不足发生率高峰为青春发育期;男生肥胖发生率高于女生,女生营养不足发生率高于男生;沈阳肥胖发生率最高,鞍山营养不足发生率最高。 相似文献
2.
青少年儿童正处在生长发育阶段,身体各项指标每时每刻都在变化。他们现在的身体状况如何关系到他们的未来。为了知道未来的情况就需要预测。本文在分析研究大量资料的基础上找出了贵州省青少年儿童未来身体形态、素质水平的简便计算方法,为改进学校体育卫生工作,促进青少年儿童生长发育,为运动员选材提供了参考信息。 相似文献
3.
通过对儿童BMI的判定标准的实效性分析,探寻更为理想的体脂评价方法,为制定儿童肥胖防治和健康促进策略提供依据.结论:原模型应用于7～12岁学生不适宜,其标准存在明显的偏高性,该模型应用该人群实效不够理想;7～12岁城市学生的BMI指数存在年龄、性别差异,对该类人群的MBI评价不适宜进行年龄和性别的合并;改进模型判定标准实效理想,改进模型克服了原模型的偏性的不足,其客观性、合理性、精确性均明显优于原模型. 相似文献
4.
毛浓选 《西安体育学院学报》2008,25(5)
为了探讨散打运动员在比赛中技战术动作运用的合理性和实效性,选择高水平散打运动员22名,运用“攻防格斗应答能力测试仪”和“Kistler－9287B三维测力台”,对不同体重级别运动员格斗应答能力、击打力量进行了对比分析。 相似文献
5.
青少儿心脏机能台阶试验方法及评定标准的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
前言当前国内外对青少年儿童体质的研究领域很广。有关心脏机能的评定,引起普遍重视。在进行体质研究和对运动员心功能的评价过程中,我们借鉴哈佛台阶试验方法,在运动负荷的组成方面,根据中国青少儿体型、体质特点作了改进,(下称改进台阶试验方法)并用改进的台阶试验方法在湖北省范围内测试了较大样本,研究与制订了湖北省7—16岁儿童少年心功能评定标准。 相似文献
6.
《国家体育锻炼标准》(以下简称《标准》)是国家的一项体育制度,是国家鼓励我国青少年儿童积极参加体育锻炼的基本要求,每个青少年儿童都有义务遵照国家这一体育制度,为保卫祖国和建设祖国积极锻炼身体。按道理《国家体育锻炼标准》应在我国各级各类学校中广泛开展,特别是1982年修 相似文献
7.
本文作者采用国家体委科研所制造的WL-Ⅱ握力计,对我国1004名青少年儿童的抓握运动复制误差值作了测定,并用横断法进行了统计分析,结果发现,青少年儿童的抓握运动准确性,在7～13岁期间发展提高最快,13～15岁时准确性明显下降,15～20岁呈恢复性提高,20～22岁的变化不明显。在体操运动训练的作用下,这种运动的准确性,在7～22岁期间,训练者高于无训练者。而且,在青春期这种运动的准确性发生下降及其之后恢复的时间,训练者比无训练者短。 相似文献
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迄今为止 ,由于没有合适的评价中小学生各年龄段身体形态的标准 ,因而国内尚未把中小学生的身体形态评价列入学生的个体体质考评中。本文对 1995年中国学生 7～ 2 0岁各年龄段的检测数据用克托莱指数法进行计算 ,发现直接用克托莱指数评价我国中小学生的形态发育水平和匀称度不适用。通过对北京、珠海 2地 7840名 7～ 18岁中、小学生 1998年的实测数据用凯特莱 BIM2 2改进模型及本文提出的 个体体重个体身高 ÷ 平均体重平均身高 指数评价方法进行统计及对比研究 ,得出本研究更简便 ,适用性更强 ,可直接用于体质考评中。 相似文献
10.
大学生体质健康标准中身高标准体重指标的回归分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以身高标准体重评分标准为依据，建立评分标准体重分布界线回归模型。按评分标准中规定的体重分布，将南京农大工学院472名男生和299名女生分为5组，分别建立学生实际体重分布回归模型，并与评分标准体重分布界线回归模型进行比较，了解学生身高标准体重测试成绩的具体分布，为指导教学实践活动提供理论依据 相似文献
11.
Constitutional factors are relevant for outstanding performance in team handball. Only a few studies focus on female players, and positional specialization is likely to be necessary regarding constitutional demands. Therefore, the current study will research constitutional aspects concerning the different playing positions in female team handball with respect to the association between specialization and success. For this purpose, 654 female players from German clubs at all performance levels were tested regarding age, body height, body weight and body fat percentage in addition biographical data with respect to their handball career. These findings make it possible to calculate an expertise index stating the success of every player. Specialization can be quantified by applying a suitable formula to the data. After statistical analysis it is evident that there are significant differences between the positions regarding constitutional factors (e.?g., body height with p < 0.001, wing players being the smallest players). Expertise correlates with different constitutional performance factors for each position, e.?g. body height in goalkeepers (correlation coefficient 0.301). While specialization correlates positively with expertise regarding particular constitutional performance factors on some positions, e.?g. body height for half backs and goalkeepers (0.392; 0.306), it correlates negatively regarding the percentage of body fat for half backs (?0.267) and body weight for centre backs (?0.389). Consequently, position specialization is most probably contributing to success in female team handball. 相似文献
12.
划船动力学方程的建立 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
以赛艇动力学方程为基础,与皮、划艇的操桨模型进行比对,综合归纳出完整而统一的划船动力学方程,揭示了在划船操桨过程中人体质心移动产生人体冲力的力学依据,并指出应用该理论的要点,为划船运动学、划船生物力学的发展提供了理论参考。对划船训练科学化、智能化亦将产生深远影响 相似文献
13.
Paul M. Vanderburgh Lloyd L. Laubach 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(1):49-59
The adverse effect of increasing age and/or body weight on distance run performance has been well documented. Accordingly, nearly all five kilometer (5K) road races employ age categories and, sometimes, a heavier body weight classification. Problems with such conventions include small numbers of runners within older age categories and the advantage given to the lightest runners within each weight category. We developed a 5K Handicap (5KH), a model that calculates an adjusted run time based on the inputs of actual 5K run time, age, and body weight for men and women. This adjusted time, then, can be compared between runners of different ages and body weights. The purpose of this paper was to explain, in detail, the derivation of the 5KH formula using published theoretical and empirical findings on age, body weight and distance run time relationships. To our knowledge, the 5KH is the first such model and overcomes the problems associated with being heavier within one weight class and having too few runners in certain age categories. We are currently undertaking large-scale validation studies and evaluation of its race day implementation. 相似文献
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《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(2):127-143
The purpose of this study was to develop and cross-validate anthropometric body composition equations for the elderly (i.e., ≥ 65 years old). This was undertaken due to a lack of accurate and reliable body composition equations for the elderly. One-hundred fifty male (n = 75) and female (n = 75; mean age = 70 years, SD = 3.71 years) elderly were randomly assigned to either an equation development sample (n = 50) or an equation validation sample (n = 25), respectively. The male and female development and validation sample groups, respectively, were joined to make combined development (n = 100) and validation (n = 50) samples. Hydrodensitometry was used to determine participant body density, percent fat, fat-free mass, and fat weight for use as the criterion variables by which prediction equations could be developed and validated. The equations presented are for the prediction of body density [body density = 1.0554 + .0142 (gender) + .0267 (height) - .00022 (midaxillary) - .00086 (hip circumference)], percent fat [% fat = .1688 (body mass index) + .542 (hip circumference) -.1639 (weight) -5.7033 (gender) -7.9498], fat-free mass [fat-free mass = 30.3769 + 8.0108 (height) + .824 (weight) - .1355 (suprailiac) - .5419 (hip circumference)], and fat weight [fat weight = .2449 (weight) + .5218 (hip circumference) - .076 (thigh circumference) - 4.0299 (gender) - 37.8619]. The equations provided estimates that were not statistically different from the hydrostatically determined criterion variables but were statisfically different from estimates derived from other published "elderly" body composition equations. 相似文献
16.
我国多数男生引体向上得"零"分,使上肢力量测评出现"地板效应"。采用量化研究和质性研究两种范式提高研究效度。量化研究对学生体质与健康调研数据和监测数据进行方差分析、多重比较和回归分析,结果表明：（1）每5~10年,男生的握力、体重、身高、BMI、引体向上均值差异显著;（2）年龄、握力、体重、身高、BMI分别显著预测引体向上成绩,体重和握力是影响我国男生引体向上成绩的主要影响因素。质性研究结果表明,引体向上"零"分主要有四个方面的原因：体重增长难挡,力量增长受限,个体认知偏差,社会支持薄弱。结论：我国男生引体向上"零"分的首要原因是体重增长较快,其次,主要肌群绝对力量和耐力增长不足,男生对引体向上的认知有偏差,学校、家长、社会支持较弱;借助政策控制体重、发展肌力、完善测评标准、促进男生积极练习引体向上十分重要。 相似文献
17.
我国多数男生引体向上得"零"分，使上肢力量测评出现"地板效应"。采用量化研究和质性研究两种范式提高研究效度。量化研究对学生体质与健康调研数据和监测数据进行方差分析、多重比较和回归分析，结果表明：（1）每5~10年，男生的握力、体重、身高、BMI、引体向上均值差异显著；（2）年龄、握力、体重、身高、BMI分别显著预测引体向上成绩，体重和握力是影响我国男生引体向上成绩的主要影响因素。质性研究结果表明，引体向上"零"分主要有四个方面的原因：体重增长难挡，力量增长受限，个体认知偏差，社会支持薄弱。结论：我国男生引体向上"零"分的首要原因是体重增长较快，其次，主要肌群绝对力量和耐力增长不足，男生对引体向上的认知有偏差，学校、家长、社会支持较弱；借助政策控制体重、发展肌力、完善测评标准、促进男生积极练习引体向上十分重要。 相似文献
18.
对评价大学生身体成分方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究在校大学生身体成分测量的最佳方法,采用皮褶法、生物电阻抗法(BAI)、身体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)和身高标准体重法,分别对随机抽取的220名大学生进行身体成分测试,并进行相关分析。结果发现:1.BAI、皮褶法、BMI和WHR可用来测量和评价大学生的身体成分,但其准确性依次是BAI>皮褶法>BMI>WHR;2.《标准》中身高标准体重不能客观有效地评价身体成分,故建议选用体脂百分比。 相似文献
19.
Maurice Jetté Roger Gauthier Jean Mongeon 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):396-403
The purpose of the study was to develop a simple field procedure for estimating ideal body weight. The statistical relationship between weight loss and girth measurements was analyzed in 40 male subjects. It was established that a decrease in total body weight was highly correlated (r = .842) with a decrease in abdominal girth while chest girth remained relatively stable. A regression equation was formulated to predict weight loss necessary to achieve ideal body weight corresponding to 15% of body fat or less on the basis of the chest abdominal girth relationship. The equation was as follows: (kg to lose) = .457 + .758 (Δ cm) where Δ cm are the missing centimeters required to achieve a positive difference of 12 cm between the chest and abdominal girths. The equation was employed on 40 other male subjects whose body density had been determined earlier by the hydrostatic procedure. Statistical analyses between the mean ideal body weight computed on the basis of 15% body fat and by the regression equation for these subjects revealed no significant difference. Data analyses of independent studies have also indicated that a 12 cm difference between chest and abdominal girth was associated with approximately 15% of body fat or less. It was suggested that in a field situation, the regression equation could prove a useful tool in predicting ideal body weight. 相似文献
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着重从人体多环节链的相对运动来分析撒手时人体质心运动和翻转角动量的大小 ,并推导出了理论计算公式。研究认为 ,人体质心运动与翻转角动量大小由各环节之间复杂的相对运动关系所决定 ,随着人体运动环节数目的增加 ,分析这些环节的相对运动对人体质心运动和角动量的协同作用效果 ,将变得十分复杂。 相似文献