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在融合教育背景下,特殊教育学校的职能必将做出相应的转变,特殊教育学校作为资源中心的功能将日益强烈.特殊教育学校必须重新定位,成为融合教育的支持者;特殊教育学校的功能从单一教育功能转变为多重服务功能,即为特殊儿童提供评估服务,承担起“资源教室”功能,成为融合教育学校教师及家长的“培训中心”,发挥“巡回指导”的作用;特殊教育学校教师角色也随之发生转变,由单一教育者角色转变为兼具“教育者”、“合作者”、“协调者”和“督导者”的多重角色. 相似文献
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市属特殊学校（中心）因为具有各种优越条件,具有成为区域特殊教育＂中心校＂的天然优势,应该发挥区域特殊教育＂中心校＂的作用;这些作用主要体现在六个方面。然而,现实中森严的行政壁垒及由此而致的＂中心校＂职能赋予缺乏,妨碍着其＂中心校＂作用的充分发挥。要消除这些因素,促进区域特殊教育的发展,必须建立以之为中心的区域特殊教育网络。 相似文献
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Joyce Gubbels Karien M. Coppens Inge de Wolf 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2018,22(11):1137-1153
There is a global trend towards including children with special needs in mainstream schools instead of placing them in special schools. However, the numbers of students in special schools varies greatly among regions due to variations in educational systems, funding arrangements – and the incentives that are associated with these arrangements – and demographic trends. In the Netherlands, a new policy aimed at inclusive education was introduced in 2014, together with financial measures to equalise funding for students with special needs across the country. The present study explored the effects of this equalisation policy, as well as the demographic trend of population decline, on dropout rates and participation rates in special education (namely, special schools for mainstream education and schools for special education). The data were retrieved from nation-wide registration systems. The results showed that population decline did not affect participation rates in special education, whereas decreases in funding did result in greater declines in participation rates in special education. Moreover, decreases in funding also resulted in higher dropout rates in areas with growing student populations. Although the reform of funding arrangements resulted in lower participation in special education, higher dropout rates might be a cost of this shift towards inclusive education. 相似文献
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近年来新疆特殊教育事业发展速度较快,但总体情况仍不容乐观。主要问题有:残疾人受教育程度普遍偏低,特殊教育学校布局不够合理,特殊教育项目学校建设工程整体进度缓慢,特殊教育师资培养培训体系不完善,专业教师数量不足且素质不高等。本文在分析新疆特殊教育基本情况的基础上,结合新疆特殊教育发展中存在的问题,提出了加快特殊教育学校建设速度,全面推进随班就读,全面提升残疾儿童义务教育的普及水平,加强特殊教育师资队伍建设,加快特殊教育教师专业化成长,完善特殊教育支持保障体系,营造良好的特殊教育氛围等对策。 相似文献
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中国特殊儿童义务教育发展中的问题调查报告 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文采用问卷调查与访谈的方法,对135名特殊学校校长的感受、看法进行调查分析,揭示出我国特殊儿童义务教育发展问题在于:(1)特殊学校的经费、资源匮乏;(2)特殊学校的管理缺乏科学性、规范性;(3)地方对特殊教育缺乏重视、对特殊学校的管理方式较为专制;(4)特殊学校的课程改革缺乏科学引领;(5)特殊教育师资数量不足、专业化程度不高;(6)大部分特殊学校生源不足、特殊学校缺乏专业师资、校际间缺乏沟通交流。结论:产生这些问题的根本原因在于法律的不完善、政策落实的不到位、地方政府管理者的观念落后。 相似文献
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资源教室是普通学校或特殊学校为有特殊需要儿童提供支持和帮助的特定场所,在随班就读的保障体系中占有重要地位。根据我国实际情况,特殊教育学校也应该建立资源教室,而且要加快步骤,并尽快升格为资源中心和后援中心,为有特殊需要的儿童服务。 相似文献
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特殊教育学校文化包括物质文化、制度文化与精神文化三方面的内容,它们是影响特殊教育学校良好发展的重要因素。然而,当前特殊教育学校文化建设过程中面临着三种困境：学校文化是坚持本土内生还是异地移植;是选择一元观念还是多元观念;是继承传统还是开拓创新。为了解决特殊教育学校文化建设中存在的困境,特殊教育学校应该注重校长办学理念的科学性,彰显学校文化的全纳理念;创建特殊教育学校的生态文化,构建特殊学校师生的学习共同体;加强特殊教育教师的合作文化,促进校本课程的开发与实施。 相似文献
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采用自编问卷对河北省111所特殊教育学校进行调查。结果显示:河北省特殊学校职业教育发展比较落后,且发展不平衡。主要存在职业教育专业项目少、无科学教学计划、课程结构简单;教学方法传统单一,教材、专用教室、场地和设施紧缺;职业教育专职教师少,兼职教师多,“双师型”教师紧缺等问题,严重影响了特教学校职业教育的发展。为此建议:制定全省特教学校职业教育规划,促进职业教育全面平衡发展;调整专业结构,规范教学管理;加大职业教育投资力度,改进教学方法;加强特教师资队伍建设,提高教学质量。 相似文献
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《Support for Learning》2004,19(1):31-37
Conductive education is a distinctive style of teaching and learning for pupils with physical difficulties. It is practised in the UK in some maintained, non‐maintained and independent special schools and centres (here collectively termed ‘conductive‐education schools’). In this article Mike Lambert investigates the extent to which these conductive‐education schools have links with mainstream schools, and the purposes and nature of such links It discusses what conductive‐education schools may need to do if they are to develop effective and valuable roles in respect to mainstream schooling This report has relevance for all schools, but particularly for those special schools with an interest in, or practising, conductive education and for mainstream schools interested in working with them. 相似文献
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韩国特殊教育现状的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
随着普通教育的普及化 ,韩国特殊教育也进入了一个普及化的阶段。现在韩国特殊教育已经形成一个比较完善、系统的特殊教育体系 ,从学前特殊教育到中小学特殊教育以及高等特殊教育 ,都为残疾儿童提供与正常儿童一样的受教育权。本文从韩国学前特殊教育、中小学特殊教育、高等特殊教育方面入手 ,探讨韩国特殊教育的现状和发展趋势 相似文献
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自1980年以来,国家加强对特殊教育的重视并出台更多指导特殊教育发展的法律、法规。盲校是满足视障学生需求并开展特殊教育活动的专门场所。盲校教师作为特殊教育教师,不仅需要具备普通教师的技能,还需加强对特殊教育和特殊教育学生的理解。加深对盲校课程设置的原则和策略认知从而确定教学原则和教学方法,依据专业发展途径实现教师的专业成长。 相似文献
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《Exceptionality》2013,21(2):77-95
This research examined the relation of school-level changes in the reading performance of students in general and in special education to school environmental variables associated with effective schools reforms in 56 Southern California schools. Applying a joint production model of outcomes, we predicted that school-level general and special education performance change related inversely to one another and differentially to effective environ- mental characteristics. Results showed inverse relations between changes in general and special education students' performance in sample schools. Inconsistent and differential relations between environmental characteristics associated with effective schools and the performance changes of the two groups of students were also evidenced. The implications of these findings for the educational opportunities of students with mild disabilities in the context of contemporary general and special education reforms are discussed. 相似文献
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Bente Lilljan Lind Kassah Deborah Phillips 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2018,65(3):341-354
Even though Ghana has embraced international calls for mainstream education, many children with intellectual disabilities still receive education in segregated special schools. This article discusses the views of seven informants on the importance of special schools in Ghana. After securing the consent of our informants, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews, transcribed and subjected the data to thematic analysis. The following views on the education of children with intellectual disabilities in special schools emerged; availability of dedicated teachers, variations in learning activities, playing the preparatory role, inclusion on their premises, discrimination and cultural stereotypes. The findings indicate that special schools still play important roles in the education of children with intellectual disabilities in Ghana. 相似文献
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Ufuk Ozkubat 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(5):500-514
The purpose of this study was to compare the social skills of five groups of children: children with visual impairments attending inclusive education schools, children with visual impairments attending schools for the blind, children with intellectual impairments attending inclusive education schools, children with intellectual impairments attending segregated special education schools, and typically developing children. A hundred and sixty-nine children aged from 7 to 12 participated in the study. The children's social skills were rated by their teachers on the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) – Turkish Form. The results suggested significant group differences between children attending inclusive education schools and children attending special education schools. Analysis of the findings indicated that children with visual impairments and children with intellectual impairments had poorer social skills than typically developing children; however children with visual impairments and children with intellectual impairments attending inclusive education schools had higher social skills than children attending segregated special education schools. The findings of the study were discussed and suggestions for future research were provided. 相似文献
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Hélène Leenders Carla Haelermans Johan de Jong Mélanie Monfrance 《Teachers and Teaching》2018,24(6):719-743
This paper shows how parents’ perceptions of parent–teacher relationship practices differ between different types of schools with respect to children’s special needs and the socio-economic status of these children. Using a questionnaire, we compare parents’ views from two special education schools, two at-risk schools serving low SES-children, and two mainstream primary education schools in the southern part of the Netherlands. The theoretical framework is based on Epstein’s Model of Parental Involvement. The results illustrate that parents and teachers in special education and at-risk schools are very much accustomed to ‘two-way communication’, in contrast to mainstream schools, and that this is valued highly by these parents. Furthermore, teachers in special and at-risk schools are more familiar with interacting with parents, involve them more in decision-making and more often co-ordinate homework practice with parents. 相似文献
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论义务教育阶段私立学校教育服务的属性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
服务的本质是一种特殊的社会关系。义务教育阶段私立学校的教育即是一种特殊的服务。本文论述了义务教育阶段私立学校教育服务的一般属性及其特殊性。义务教育阶段私立学校教育服务的一般属性包括:需求导向性、选择性及以情感和沟通为纽带的相互协作性。义务教育阶段私立学校教育服务的特殊属性主要体现在:义务教育阶段私立学校教育服务的自主性与规定性并存、私有性与公共性并存、适应性与超越性并存。 相似文献
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D. Papadopoulou P. Malliou N. Kofotolis S.P. Vlachopoulos E. Kellis 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2017,64(1):76-87
The purpose of this study was to examine parental perceptions about Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of typical education and special education students in Greece. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) was administered to the parents of 251 children from typical schools, 46 students attending integration classes (IC) within a typical school and 97 students attending special education (segregated) schools. A two-way analysis of covariance indicated that, compared to their typically developing peers, children attending special education schools and IC were reported by their parents to have lower PedsQL scores. Compared to children attending special education schools, children attending IC showed no differences in all PedsQL domains but the emotional domain score (p < .05). Based on parents’ responses, further improvements in special education settings and environments in the Greek educational system might be necessary to improve the HRQOL of students with disabilities. 相似文献
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李广超 《广东职业技术师范学院学报》2014,(6):129-134
清末,广东特殊教育肇始于来华传教士所创办的特殊学校,这一时期所创办的学校主要为教会办学和私人办学。民国时期特殊教育继续发展,又出现了政府办学和官方办学。近代这些特殊学校除了开设一些简单而实用的课程外,还开设了职业教育课程。这些课程使部分残疾儿童学有所用．毕业后能自食其力,并回归主流社会。近代广东特殊学校的办学经验及其教训可为现代特殊教育提供有益的借鉴。 相似文献