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从《燕青打擂》看北宋的相扑活动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小说《水浒传》第七十四回《燕青智扑擎天柱》，叙述浪子燕青与任原相扑比赛的全过程，详尽而生动地再现了我国北宋时期相扑的场面。本文就此人手，广泛参考有关文献典籍和当代学人的研究成果。对我国北宋时期相扑活动的各个方面进行粗浅的探讨。 相似文献
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喜欢体育的人们都知道,相扑是日本的国技,两名体形有如“肉山”的男相扑手在一个圆圈内进行力量与灵敏的角逐,使许多日本观众如痴如醉。但对近年来出现的女子相扑,却被不少日本人视为“国耻”,认为只是卖弄色情的玩意儿。而在95年的巴黎电影节上,居然出现了谁也想不到的日本女子相扑的节目。这次表演是日本恐怖片导演中野本雄带到巴黎的,这位中野先生还担任“引司” 相似文献
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采用文献资料调查方法整理分析《水浒传》中的相扑高手及其社会分层,并对相扑技术和规则做了系统挖掘,主要结论:《水浒传》中的相扑高手众多,既有男性也有女性,上至达官贵人,下至黎民百姓,相扑活动普及于社会的各个阶层。《水浒传》中的相扑技术既有以勇猛取胜的也有以巧取胜的,与现代相扑不同的是允许拳击和脚踢。《水浒传》中描写的燕青打擂是比较正式的相扑比赛,有一套严格完整的场地、服饰及比赛规则,其它的相扑基本都是相扑双方因矛盾而产生的争斗,甚至是性命相搏,只是把相扑作为一种格斗技巧,不遵循一般的规则。 相似文献
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文章对舞龙运动开展现状和促进女子舞龙发展的意义进行了分析探讨，分析了女子舞龙开展的优势、劣势，提出以女子舞龙发展来促使整个舞龙运动进一步发展，必须走一条适合女性自身条件、具有女性特色的舞龙道路。文章针对这个发展方向，对当前《国际舞龙竞赛规则》的补充和完善提出建议。 相似文献
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我国古代的摔跤亦称角抵、角力、相扑或争交。这项体育活动源远流长,自原始社会至清代,长期传流,不断演进。在我国古代那啸风吟雨,龙争虎斗般的争交场上,不仅有魁梧的男子角斗,而且有矫健的女子相搏。早在一千七百多年前的西晋时期,在吴国的宫廷里就出现了女子相扑活动。据《江表传》记载,吴国末帝孙皓为了寻欢作乐,曾经指令制作宫廷玩物的官署,用金子作了数以千计妇女首饰——“步摇假髻”,并“令宫人著以相扑”,就是叫宫女们把这种金首饰戴在头上来摔跤。谁抢到对手戴的金质步摇假髻,就归谁所有。宫女们争抢 相似文献
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2015年,Miss等知名女性电竞选手参加了TGA上《英雄联盟》项目的女子邀请赛。那是TGA尝试女子电竞的开端。5年后,当对电竞的看法由新兴转向成熟时,当2020年把整个电竞产业带入了风险和机遇并存的境地时,TGA毅然决然地启动了《王者荣耀》项目女子赛。像是同一个故事以不同的版本一再演绎一样。这是第一个头部项目的女子电竞联赛,诞生于TGA的舞台。 相似文献
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目的：通过分析第二届青运会排球专项身体素质成绩、项目设置及与比赛名次的关系,为青年排球专项身体素质测试及训练提供有借鉴意义的参考。方法：收集第二届青年运动会男排U18组和女排U17组24支球队的专项身体素质成绩和比赛名次进行统计并分析二者相关性。结果：男排U18组和女排U17组助跑摸高的成绩分别为(3.24±0.11) m、(2.91±0.11) m,占总分比为20.1%、21.9%;半“米”字移动成绩分别为(15.66±0.74) s、(16.95±0.84) s,占总分比为20.8%、18.1%;30 m跑成绩分别为(4.35±0.18) s、(4.98±0.23) s,占总分比为23.2%、18.2%;抛掷实心球成绩分别为(12.32±1.82) m、(9.22±1.45) m,占总分比为23.0%、22.1%;男子1 500 m项目平均成绩为(337.14±28.79) s,占总分比为12.8%,女子800 m成绩为(183.10±22.28) s,占总分比为19.6%。男排U18组和女排U17组身体素质总分与比赛名次呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),即身体素质总分越高,比赛名次越靠前。结论与建议：男排U18组和女排U17组各队助跑摸高成绩差距最小,半“米”字移动、抛掷实心球和1 500 m(800 m)跑成绩差距较大;女排U17组身体素质项目各项得分较为均衡,成绩设置合理,男排U18组1 500 m项目设置的必要性及得分设定需进一步分析研讨;青年排球专项身体素质成绩越高,比赛名次越好,目前采用的专项身体素质测试方法较为合理,对竞赛成绩有较好预测性。 相似文献
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Melissa C. Wiser 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(13):1656-1676
Men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse share a name, but their histories differ. Both sports developed and became organised in close concert with the race, class and gender expectations of the eras. As a result, the sports began with rules that reflected those norms. Over time, the sports developed separately and generated unique forms, even as they sustained moments of interaction. Therefore, men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse are different sports. Using comparisons as the mode through which to view the sports, this article explores the organised beginnings of men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse to establish that the sports began and continued within identity-based norms. Through the discussion of the practical distinctions and critical understandings of the differences between the games, the author poses that these dissimilarities are relevant in considerations of the separate sports as they continue to change in the larger US sporting context. As sports such as basketball demonstrate, these arguments matter because broad-scale comparisons of women's sports to men's frequently render women's sport participants, and the sports they play, inferior. Notably, women's lacrosse participants also employed comparisons to distinguish and claim their history as unique from that of men's lacrosse. A comparative analysis highlights points of disjuncture between the sports and contextualises the importance of gender in the articulations of difference. 相似文献
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目的：探析短道速滑个人项目两届冬奥会及冬奥会与世锦赛体力分配策略规律差异。方法：收集整理索契、平昌冬奥会，以及2014—2017年世锦赛短道速滑个人项目相关数据，分析单圈用时、肯德尔相关系数。结果：（1）冬奥会各单项单圈用时不同程度地少于世锦赛，平昌不同程度地少于索契；（2）除2016世锦赛500 m，其他赛事均全程具有显著相关（P＜0.05）；（3）除索契冬奥会女子1 000 m，其他赛事均较早出现显著相关（P＜0.05），平昌冬奥会男子与女子均在第7、8圈为高相关（r≥0.70）；（4）平昌冬奥会1 500 m男子第12、13圈，女子第13圈为高相关（r≥0.70），两者均从第9圈开始出现显著相关（P＜0.05）。结论：500 m出发位置尤为重要，高速滑行中稳固站位能力需求突出，冬奥会中对全程维持速度能力的要求逐步提高；冬奥会1 000 m与1 500 m比赛争夺有利位置战术的实施位置较以往更为靠后。 相似文献
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Santiago Veiga Andreu Roig Miguel A. Gómez-Ruano 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):919-926
The main objectives of the present research were (1) to examine the relationships between the distances travelled underwater during the start and turn segments with swimming race performance at the elite level and (2) to determine if the individualised-distance start and turn parameters affect the overall race performance. The race parameters of the 100 and 200?m events during 2013 World Championships were measured by an innovative image-processing system (InThePool® 2.0). Overall, 100?m race times were largely related to faster start velocities in men's breaststroke and freestyle events. Conversely, overall, 200?m race times were largely related to longer starting distances in the women's butterfly events, to longer turn distances in men's and women's backstroke and women's butterfly events and to shorter turn distances in women's freestyle events. Changes on the start or turn velocities could represent moderate time improvements in most of the 100?m events, whereas modifications on the start or turn distances (especially in the last turn) could provide elite swimmers with time improvements of practical importance on the 200?m events. The evaluation of races by individualised-distance parameters should be provided to elite swimmers in order to decide the most appropriate race segment configuration for each event. 相似文献
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A notational analysis of singles events at all four Grand Slam tournaments between 1997 and 1999 was conducted to determine the influence of the sex of the player and court surface on elite tennis strategy. Rallies of 7.1 ± 2.0 s in women's singles were significantly longer than those in men's singles (5.2 ± 1.8 s P < 0.001). Rallies of 6.3 ± 1.8 s at the Australian Open, 7.7 ± 1.7 s at the French Open, 4.3 ± 1.6 s at Wimbledon and 5.8 ± 1.9 s at the US Open were recorded. Rallies were significantly longer at the French Open than at any other tournament ( P < 0.05) and significantly shorter at Wimbledon than at any other tournament ( P < 0.05). In women's singles, 52.8 ± 12.4% of points were baseline rallies, significantly more than in men's singles (28.6 ± 19% P < 0.001). The proportion of baseline rallies played at the French Open (51.9 ± 14.2% of points) was significantly greater than at the Australian Open (46.6 ± 12.5%), Wimbledon (19.7 ± 19.4%) and the US Open (35.4 ± 19.5% P < 0.05). The results show that both the sex of the player and surface of the court have a significant influence on the nature of singles tennis at Grand Slam tournaments. 相似文献
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Nikki Wedgwood 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(3):396-414
Women have wanted to play Australian Rules football throughout the game's history, yet given it ritually celebrates male superiority, few have actually played the game. This paper looks at the socio-historical circumstances leading to the eventual establishment of a women's league, based on media coverage and interviews with current and former members. By focusing on their association with two men's football organizations – one that helped them get started, and the other that allowed them to use their men's clubs as home bases for their women's teams – it also explores the extent to which playing a male-dominated game means having to play on male-defined terms. 相似文献
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In 2012, five Qatari women participated in a qualitative research study, which aimed to explore the negotiation of opportunity to be members of Qatar's first national women's football team. Qatar is a conservative Islamic country which is experiencing rapid modernisation. Part of this modernisation includes the increasing visibility of sport, for example the successful bid for the 2022 men's Football World Cup. In response to this bid, the first Qatari women's national football team was established in 2011. The project was positioned within a social constructivist framework. Five out of 12 squad members, over the age of 18, volunteered to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interview questions probed the women's experiences and influences on their opportunities and journey to membership in the national team. From a thematic analysis, issues such as the management of gender norms and the influence of significant others dominated the data. This research indicated that the women's agency enabled them to manage their situation with a range of strategies and to change attitudes towards women footballers. The winning of the bid to host the men's World Cup has been a catalyst for change in making spaces for Qatari sportswomen. 相似文献
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《Sport in History》2013,33(2):280-298
This article focuses on the development of women's cricket in a West Yorkshire town – Brighouse – in the 1930s. It situates this subject within the context of the growth of women's cricket more generally, and goes on to explore the personality and uniqueness of women's cricket in the town. The article identifies key issues in the way that women's cricket was perceived at the time, particularly in the pages of the Brighouse & Elland Echo, the local newspaper. As such, it considers the novelty of the sport, the gender stereotyping that was an important aspect of newspaper coverage, the relationship between women's and men's cricket, and also the marketing of key fixtures. 相似文献
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Miguel-Angel Gómez Alberto Lorenzo Sergio-José Ibañez Jaime Sampaio 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1578-1587
Abstract The aim of the present study was to identify the importance of basketball performance indicators in predicting the effectiveness of ball possessions in men's and women's basketball, when controlling for situational variables and game periods. The sample consisted of 7234 ball possessions, corresponding to 40 games from the Spanish professional leagues. The effects of the predictor variables on successful ball possessions according to game period were analysed using binary logistic regressions. Results from men's teams show interactions with number of passes and ending player during the first five minutes, with starting and ending zone, defensive systems, screens used and possession duration during the middle thirty minutes, and there were interactions with passes used, possession duration and players involved during the last five minutes. Results from women's teams show interactions with starting and ending zone, passes used, defensive systems and ending player during the first five minutes, and with starting and ending zone, and screens used during the middle thirty minutes. The results show no interaction with situational variables in men's basketball, while league stage was important during the middle thirty minutes and last five minutes in women's basketball, whereas match status was only important during the last five minutes. 相似文献
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Roberto Lobietti Simon Coleman Eduardo Pizzichillo Franco Merni 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1469-1476
Abstract Knee injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament lesions and patellar tendonitis are very frequent in volleyball, and are often attributed to micro traumas that occur during the landing phase of airborne actions. The aim of the present study was to compare different jumping activities during official men's and women's volleyball games. Twelve top-level matches from the Italian men's and women's professional leagues were analysed. The jumps performed during the games were classified according to the landing technique used by the player (left or right foot or both feet together), court position, and ball trajectory. Chi-square analyses were performed to detect differences in landing techniques between the sexes, court positions, and trajectories when serving, attacking, blocking, and setting. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the sexes for block, set, and spike but not for the jump serve. The frequency of landings on one foot was related to court position and the trajectory of the sets: when spiking faster sets, the players were more likely to use a one-footed landing. The present results should help coaches and physiotherapists to devise appropriate training and prevention programmes, and reveal the need for further detailed biomechanical investigations of the relationships between landings and knee injuries. 相似文献