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1.
随着当代社会信息化的发展,桥梁养护管理系统的构建和完善是国内外桥梁养护管理的必然趋势。本文指出在信息系统与组织管理水平密切相关的今天,系统的绩效评估是桥梁养护管理的重要组成部分。并根据信息系统绩效的特点探讨了信息系统绩效动态评估的含义和建立指标体系的一般步骤,最后建立了基于用户满意的系统绩效评估指标体系。 相似文献
2.
Donald H. Kraft 《Information processing & management》1981,17(6):349-361
A model of a user's scan of the output of an information storage and retrieval system in response to a query is presented. Rules for determining the user's optimal stopping point are discussed and compared. A dynamic model for determining the proper stopping point using decision theory under risk with changing utilities is used as the basis for a Bayesian model of user scanning behavior. An algorithm to implement the Bayesian model is introduced and examples of the model are given. The implications for retrieval systems design and evaluation are discussed. 相似文献
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双向聚类在文献计量学中的应用初探——以医院绩效评价为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用双向聚类方法揭示我国医院绩效评价研究的核心作者及其热点研究方向,发现存在的主要问题。以CNKI中医院绩效评价为主题的文献作为研究对象,从作者和关键词两个维度,利用gCLUTO1.0软件进行双向聚类分析。结果显示目前国内医院绩效评价可以划分为5个核心作者群和7个热点主题,研究内容正在不断深入和细化,但在评价对象分级、整体性、内涵、指标设计和信息系统等方面仍然存在着诸多问题。双向聚类方法能够快速捕捉某个领域的主流研究热点及代表人物,分析结果较好地满足了预期目标。 相似文献
4.
《Information processing & management》1986,22(4):287-298
This report describes the design of an interface for information retrieval systems intended for novice users. The main design goal is to provide a system that can be used without training, external help or documentation. Design decisions are largely based on the literature on human factors in interactive computer systems. The major design features of the system are the use of menus and fill-in-the blank modes of command entry, display windowing and an extensive two-level online help facility providing step by step guidance for the user during command/query entry. A preliminary evaluation of the system indicates that it can in fact be used by people unfamiliar with information retrieval systems, without the aid of any external help, documentation, or training. 相似文献
5.
当前，在信息资源管理领域，有关信息自动化处理方面的研究较多涌现，相关的实用系统也在开发实验。自动分类便是其中之一。本文结合基于VSM理论的实用行业自动分类系统的开发实现，对构建分类概念空间的思路、步骤及主要技术，包括权值确定、算法构思、正确性及效率评价等相关问题进行讨论。 相似文献
6.
Daqing He Peter Brusilovsky Jaewook Ahn Jonathan Grady Rosta Farzan Yefei Peng Yiming Yang Monica Rogati 《Information processing & management》2008
Exploratory search increasingly becomes an important research topic. Our interests focus on task-based information exploration, a specific type of exploratory search performed by a range of professional users, such as intelligence analysts. In this paper, we present an evaluation framework designed specifically for assessing and comparing performance of innovative information access tools created to support the work of intelligence analysts in the context of task-based information exploration. The motivation for the development of this framework came from our needs for testing systems in task-based information exploration, which cannot be satisfied by existing frameworks. The new framework is closely tied with the kind of tasks that intelligence analysts perform: complex, dynamic, and multiple facets and multiple stages. It views the user rather than the information system as the center of the evaluation, and examines how well users are served by the systems in their tasks. The evaluation framework examines the support of the systems at users’ major information access stages, such as information foraging and sense-making. The framework is accompanied by a reference test collection that has 18 tasks scenarios and corresponding passage-level ground truth annotations. To demonstrate the usage of the framework and the reference test collection, we present a specific evaluation study on CAFÉ, an adaptive filtering engine designed for supporting task-based information exploration. This study is a successful use case of the framework, and the study indeed revealed various aspects of the information systems and their roles in supporting task-based information exploration. 相似文献
7.
Ian A. MacLeod T. Patrick Martin Brent Nordin John R. Phillips 《Information processing & management》1987,23(6)
In this article we discuss the need for distributed information retrieval Systems. A number of possible configurations are presented. A general approach to the design of such systems is discussed. A prototype implementation is described together with the experiences gained from this implementation. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Information Management》1987,7(3):131-146
The evaluation of alternative management information systems can aid systems analysts determine appropriate information support for managers, aid managers to become informed participants in the system design process, and aid the planning of information systems in response to changes in the firm. Synthesizing microeconomic and contingency theories, this paper performs a cost analysis of two popular manufacturing information systems. The relative cost-effectiveness of these two systems is hypothesized and then validated using a random survey of manufacturing firms across the USA. A logistical regression of the data provides estimates of the relative information system cost-effectiveness in various manufacturing contexts. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]近半个世纪以来,研究者在信息查询系统分面导航的设计和评价中积累了丰富的研究成果,但这些成果却一直处于分散杂乱状态,不能很好地指导信息查询系统的设计。[方法/过程]本文采用文献调查法和文献分析法,根据影响信息查询系统可用性的情境框架,从系统、任务、用户等方面对这些成果进行分析综合。[结果/结论]由此组织成一个支持信息查询系统分面导航设计的知识体系并就其设计提出相关建议。 相似文献
12.
The evaluation of exploratory search relies on the ongoing paradigm shift from focusing on the search algorithm to focusing on the interactive process. This paper proposes a model-driven formative evaluation approach, in which the goal is not the evaluation of a specific system, per se, but the exploration of new design possibilities. This paper gives an example of this approach where a model of sensemaking was used to inform the evaluation of a basic exploratory search system(s) in the context of a sensemaking task. The model suggested that, rather than just looking at simple search performance measures, we should examine closely the interwoven, interactive processes of both representation construction and information seeking. Participants were asked to make sense of an unfamiliar topic using an augmented query-based search system. The processes of representation construction and information seeking were captured and analyzed using data from experiment notes, interviews, and a system log. The data analysis revealed users’ sources of ideas for structuring representations and a tightly coupled relationship between search and representation construction in their exploratory searches. For example, users strategically used search to find useful structure ideas instead of just accumulating information facts. Implications for improving current search systems and designing new systems are discussed. 相似文献
13.
Roberto R. Kampfner 《Information processing & management》1985,21(5):401-414
An organizational information system can be viewed, in a broad sense, as a computational model of organizational activity and function. Logical requirements of information systems are defined, according to this view, as constraints imposed by the logical structure of such a computational model on the design, implementation and operation of information systems. In this study a formal model for the specification of logical requirements is presented in detail and its role as a tool for systems development is discussed. Three main advantages of the specification of logical requirements that can be capitalized through the use of this formalism are: (1) logical requirements are invariant with respect to specific means in which information processing is actually accomplished; (2) they can be easily related to relevant aspects of organizational activity and function; and (3) they can be related to basic components of the corresponding software systems, either existing or being developed. 相似文献
14.
Information retrieval systems consist of many complicated components. Research and development of such systems is often hampered by the difficulty in evaluating how each particular component would behave across multiple systems. We present a novel integrated information retrieval system—the Query, Cluster, Summarize (QCS) system—which is portable, modular, and permits experimentation with different instantiations of each of the constituent text analysis components. Most importantly, the combination of the three types of methods in the QCS design improves retrievals by providing users more focused information organized by topic.We demonstrate the improved performance by a series of experiments using standard test sets from the Document Understanding Conferences (DUC) as measured by the best known automatic metric for summarization system evaluation, ROUGE. Although the DUC data and evaluations were originally designed to test multidocument summarization, we developed a framework to extend it to the task of evaluation for each of the three components: query, clustering, and summarization. Under this framework, we then demonstrate that the QCS system (end-to-end) achieves performance as good as or better than the best summarization engines.Given a query, QCS retrieves relevant documents, separates the retrieved documents into topic clusters, and creates a single summary for each cluster. In the current implementation, Latent Semantic Indexing is used for retrieval, generalized spherical k-means is used for the document clustering, and a method coupling sentence “trimming” and a hidden Markov model, followed by a pivoted QR decomposition, is used to create a single extract summary for each cluster. The user interface is designed to provide access to detailed information in a compact and useful format.Our system demonstrates the feasibility of assembling an effective IR system from existing software libraries, the usefulness of the modularity of the design, and the value of this particular combination of modules. 相似文献
15.
高技术公司R&D部门的员工绩效评价 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
对于高技术公司而言 ,R&D部门的员工绩效测度存在着较大的复杂性。本文指出 ,高技术公司R&D部门员工绩效评价体系不仅仅是为薪酬及奖励的分配提供依据 ,它还应对公司的人力资源管理和员工行为的导向性激励起推动作用。在此基础上 ,对绩效评价基础信息的获取、薪酬与绩效评价结果之间关系的确定、绩效评价的支持体系进行了分析。最后 ,本文对高技术公司R&D部门员工绩效考评的若干问题进行了进一步的探讨和总结。 相似文献
16.
Tables in documents are a widely-available and rich source of information, but not yet well-utilised computationally because of the difficulty in automatically extracting their structure and data content. There has been a plethora of systems proposed to solve the problem, but current methods present low usability and accuracy and lack precision in detecting data from diverse layouts. We propose a component-based design and implementation of table processing concepts which can offer flexibility and re-usability as well as high performance on a wide range of table types. In this paper, we describe a system named TEXUS which is a fully automated table processing system that takes a PDF document and detects tables in a layout independent manner. We introduce TEXUS’s own table processing specific document model and the two-phased processing pipeline design. Through an extensive evaluation on a dataset comprised of complex financial tables, we show the performance of the system on different table types. 相似文献
17.
方案设计是整个产品设计过程中非常重要的一环。产品的性能、成本等指标往往取决于其方案设计阶段。然而,对于设计方案的优劣,设计者往往只凭经验定性地给出评价。有时,这种评价是片面的、带有主观的。提出了一种对减速器设计方案进行模糊评价的数学模型,可以实现对减速器设计方案的客观、量化评价。对模型的求解方法进行了讨论,并给出了一个实例。 相似文献
18.
Fuzzy-model-based tracking control of Markov jump nonlinear systems with incomplete mode information
Dan Cui Yue Wang Hongye Su Zhaowen Xu Haoyi Que 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2021,358(7):3633-3650
This paper considers the tracking control problem for nonlinear Markov jump systems based on T–S fuzzy model approach with incomplete mode information. It is assumed that the mode transition rate matrix is not a priori knowledge and only partial information is available. Moreover, the mode where the system stays when operating is not fully accessible to the designed controller. In this incomplete mode information scenario, a hidden Markov model based mechanism is modified to simulate the mode deficiency mapping. The incomplete transition rate matrix is well defined in the form of a polynomial. Based on this, by constructing a polynomially parameter-dependent Lyapunov matrices and linear matrix techniques, sufficient conditions are established to ensure the stochastic stability and a prescribed tracking performance. The controller design scheme are presented by solving a series of LMIs. Examples are given in the end to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed results. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(15):8080-8092
The finite-time positiveness and distributed control problem is studied for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear multi-agent systems. The objective is to design a suitable distributed controller which makes the closed-loop multi-agent systems be positive and finite-time stabilizable and satisfy the given H∞ performance index. Sufficient conditions are initially established on the existence of the finite-time distributed controller by using proper multiple Lyapunov functions and the design criteria are presented in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an example of multi-agent systems with six agents is presented to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed methods. 相似文献
20.
Ann Blandford Anne Adams Simon Attfield George Buchanan Jeremy Gow Stephann Makri Jon Rimmer Claire Warwick 《Information processing & management》2008
The strongest tradition of IR systems evaluation has focused on system effectiveness; more recently, there has been a growing interest in evaluation of Interactive IR systems, balancing system and user-oriented evaluation criteria. In this paper we shift the focus to considering how IR systems, and particularly digital libraries, can be evaluated to assess (and improve) their fit with users’ broader work activities. Taking this focus, we answer a different set of evaluation questions that reveal more about the design of interfaces, user–system interactions and how systems may be deployed in the information working context. The planning and conduct of such evaluation studies share some features with the established methods for conducting IR evaluation studies, but come with a shift in emphasis; for example, a greater range of ethical considerations may be pertinent. We present the PRET A Rapporter framework for structuring user-centred evaluation studies and illustrate its application to three evaluation studies of digital library systems. 相似文献