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1.
博洛尼亚进程述论 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
作为欧洲高等教育改革重大举措的博洛尼亚进程,即欧洲高等教育区建设进程,是在高等教育国际化和欧洲经济政治一体化的背景下产生的.它以建构欧洲高等教育区为目标,旨在加强各成员国之间高等教育的可比性和兼容性,增强欧洲高等教育的吸引力和竞争力,提高欧洲高等教育的质量,重塑欧洲高等教育的辉煌.1999年6月,欧洲29国教育部长共同签署<博洛尼亚宣言>,提出建设欧洲高等教育区的具体构想、行动纲领和工作计划.其后,经过历次会议特别是5次部长峰会的评估和改革,逐步形成"学位体系建设、质量保证、学位互认、促进流动、联合学位、终身学习、社会维度和机会均等、提升就业力、全球化背景下的欧洲高等教育"等新的行动目标,并在学制改革、质量保证、学分互换、学位互认等方面取得明显进展.2007年的伦敦会议明确提出,要建设"全球化背景下欧洲高等教育区".从<索邦宣言>欧洲高等教育区的设想到EHEA的形成规模,从当初的4个发起国到现在的46个成员国,博洛尼亚进程走过了10年,其内容不断丰富,目标日益完善,原则广受认同,且一直处于发展、改革和完善之中,致力于协调进程在各国实施进度的差异、保持进程趋同化发展中的多样性、寻求不同民族和国家在区域性合作和竞争中的平衡. 相似文献
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欧洲高等教育区域背景下的学分互换制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
伴随着欧洲经济一体化的进程,欧洲的高等教育也日益走向联合。在建设欧洲高等教育区域的框架内,为了方便学生的流动和国际课程的发展,欧洲学分互换制扮演着重要的角色。这篇文章主要从欧洲学分互换制的演变,欧洲学分互换制的主要特征,欧洲学分互换制所需要的主要文件,欧洲学分互换制的咨询顾问,获得欧洲学分互换制认可的权利和义务,大学在欧洲学分互换制中所承担的作用,欧洲学分互换制的发展近况,以及欧洲学分互换制对我国的启示这八个部分全面介绍了欧洲学分互换制的发展状况。 相似文献
3.
Gábor Halász 《European Journal of Education》2015,50(3):350-371
This article evaluates the outcomes of the efforts of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries to make their education systems more effective in enhancing broader social and economic goals. It focuses on those 11 Central and Eastern European countries which became members of the EU in 2004 or following this date. First, it presents a short analysis of how educational goals were connected with the broader goals of social and economic progress before and during the first phase of the transition period after the collapse of Communism. It then analyses the impact of the accession of these countries to the EU, including the impact of some European mechanisms that have contributed to the strengthening of linkages between education and social-economic progress. The third part of the article attempts to evaluate the outcomes of the relevant national education reforms, development programmes and policies, most of them generated by these mechanisms, in the light of a number of selected indicators. A key conclusion of the article is that the adoption of the lifelong learning approach of the EU has been a major engine to strengthen the role of education in social and economic development in the CEE region, but most countries still need further efforts to translate this approach into coherent and effective national policies and to implement them so that they produce relevant and significant outcomes. 相似文献
4.
Higher education systems need to increasingly transform in order to face new challenges of society in a modern and global context. Both Europe and China are facing challenges in restructuring their higher education systems and embracing the potential for higher education to deliver innovative teaching and learning as well as social and economic services for a changing society. This paper analyses the challenges to European and Chinese universities today and elaborates on the implications of these challenges for EU-China higher education collaboration. An analysis of challenges and relevant strategies in these two contexts can offer us insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each system. This can act as a solid basis for future collaborations or as potential barriers. Thus, this paper endeavors to fill in the gap regarding EU-China higher education cooperation by reducing the knowledge deficit and bringing mutual understanding, respect, trust, and ultimately benefit to both sides. 相似文献
5.
Simon Bell Chris Douce Sandra Caeiro Antonio Teixeira Rosa Martín-Aranda Daniel Otto 《Open Learning》2017,32(2):95-102
Higher Education (HE) is experiencing disruption from technologies, demographics, the globalising world and longer life expectancy. Historically Higher Education has had a legacy of being seen as the requirement for an educated ‘elite’, there has been a policy ambition set in various countries (including the UK) for it to become the expectation for much wider segments of the population as a whole. As students become ‘everyone’ and learning becomes ‘all the time’ Distance Teaching and Research Institutions have a tremendous opportunity but there are also many disruptions and barriers to overcome. Higher Education institutions have an important role within Education for Sustainable Development and sustainable lifestyles; one of the important goals and targets of the United Nations Sustainable Development goals for 2030. Higher Education can contribute to sustainability in many ways – social, technical and environmental; globally and locally. In particular distance-learning universities due to the flexibility in the learning process, use of technologies, and inter-disciplinary approach to teaching and learning, constitute key factors in education for sustainable development. But what will this contribution look like? In this paper, the responses from senior leaders in four major European distance-learning universities are presented, compared and discussed. The tentative conclusions draw out some strategic imperatives for sustainable higher education in the twenty first century. 相似文献
6.
到2007年,推动欧洲高等教育一体化建设的博洛尼亚进程已实施八年。针对2010年建成"欧洲高等教育区"的目标,对过去两年博洛尼亚进展中的成绩和问题进行了分项目的分析,指出了欧洲高等教育未来发展需要努力的十二个方面。 相似文献
7.
Citizenship education has been an important part of the European Union’s (EU) agenda to integrate a European dimension into schools’ curricula. The usage of European symbolism in citizenship education curriculum material has been an especially important (yet understudied) means not only to promote a distinct European identity and increase knowledge on EU-related topics, but also to regulate (young) EU citizens and population. The paper analyses the content related to the EU and European dimension in citizenship education textbooks and workbooks at the lower-secondary school level in Slovenia. It demonstrates that, through diverse symbolic displays, which are understood as a specific governmental technique, the idea of a European community as a site of opportunities is promoted while students are stimulated to understand themselves as subjects who must be active and responsible EU citizens. Moreover, European symbolism is employed to nurture and promote Slovenian identity as being purely European and, as such, distinct from earlier Balkan-situated, Yugoslav and socialist forms of identity and belonging. 相似文献
8.
石健 《新疆职业大学学报》2009,17(1):6-8,29
较之于欧盟,欧盟伙伴国职业教育和培训领域的发展现状与之差距甚远。在欧洲睦邻政策框架下。欧盟职业教育和培训政策及信息对这些国家在谊领域的改革产生了较大影响,并取得了一定成就。欧洲培训基金的经验表明,这些国家的改革成功与否主要取决于这些国家各相关机构和团体的态度以及是否能够正确理解欧盟的信息。 相似文献
9.
欧盟和东盟两个区域组织在地理位置上分别位于东西半球,在国际社会分属南北两方,历史文化、语言、经济、政治和教育体制以及社会发展水平都不同。欧盟与东盟高等教育政策演进与实施过程中,两区域组织在高等教育政策目标、介入方式、演进及合作形式等方面具有一定相通性,但两区域组织政策制定的历史背景、过程等方面存在着巨大差异,各自保持着独特性,对比中发现两区域组织存在一个深层问题:即民族国家与区域化组织的冲突与抗争问题。 相似文献
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随着欧洲高等教育国际化趋势不断加速,为了鼓励欧洲国家之间的高等教育机构,特别是大学促进学生的交流与合作,欧洲共同体以及后来的欧盟出台了一系列的高等教育政策,其中之一是"伊拉斯谟—曼德斯计划"。通过阐述"伊拉斯谟—曼德斯计划"的实施背景、内容并对其加以评析,提供了我们了解欧洲高等教育跨国合作的一个独特视角。 相似文献
13.
高等教育全球化的挑战——学术研究者视野中的德国博洛尼亚进程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Johannes Wildt 《高等教育研究》2007,(12)
"博洛尼亚进程"是29个欧洲国家的教育部长于1999年在意大利博洛尼亚提出的欧洲高等教育改革计划,旨在保证欧洲高等教育的质量,建立统一的欧洲高等教育体系。为了应对高等教育全球化的挑战以及适应工业社会向知识社会转变的形势,德国大学围绕提高高等教育的质量推行了一系列改革措施,建立了新的质量保证和质量管理体系,调整了新的公共管理策略;重组了整个课程体系,革新教学观念和教学方式,实现了从以教师为中心到以学生为中心的教学方式和学习方式的转变;开展大学教师教学发展项目,提升大学教师的教学能力。 相似文献
14.
Csilla Stéger 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(3):332-347
This article aims at raising awareness of the key role the EU already plays in matters of teacher policy. It takes stock of European teacher policy related documents and activities, such as relevant strategies, presidency priorities, Council Conclusions, Commission working documents, the activities of thematic working groups, of networks, of data gathering and research, and the available supports of the Lifelong Learning Programme and of the European Social Fund. Based on this, the article provides a clear picture of the labour market need-driven, pragmatic context of teacher policies and also the main shared European teacher policy concepts, such as teacher competence profiles, the continuum of professional development and the support of teacher educators. These fundamental concepts were shared, developed and fine tuned in the process of Member States peer learning, a crucial and highly effective method of cooperation, which is also presented in the article. The article concludes by identifying both sides of the two-way interaction process of Europeanisation taking place between Member States and the EU in teacher policy development. 相似文献
15.
A. De Juanas Oliva P. Fernández Lozano R. Martín del Pozo M. González Ballesteros E. Pesquero Franco E. Sánchez Martín 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2009,32(4):437-454
Taking as reference the proposals of the European Higher Education Area, the aim of this study is to identify the competencies which a wide sample of teachers in Spanish primary schools (6–12 age group) consider to be important for their professional performance and which they use in their everyday teaching, and to what extent their university training prepared them for their practising professional development. To do this, an ad hoc instrument was devised and applied to experienced practising teachers and to teacher trainees who were on teacher training placements during the last semester of their course. The results of the study show that initial teacher training should deal in depth with the competencies related to the organisation and management of teaching–learning, the use of new technologies in the primary classroom, the involvement of the families, education in values, social skills and skills for working in professional groups. Finally, proposals are made for training based on the articulation between theory and practice, to allow the professional competencies mentioned to be developed and used in practice, as well as encouraging close collaboration between teacher trainers and experienced practising teachers. 相似文献
16.
Quality assurance in the political context: in the midst of different expectations and conflicting goals 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Maarja Beerkens 《Quality in Higher Education》2015,21(3):231-250
Higher education quality assurance systems develop within a complex political environment where national level goals and priorities interact with European and global developments. Furthermore, quality assurance is influenced by broader processes in the public sector that set expectations with respect to accountability, legitimacy and regulatory quality. As a result, quality assurance systems often face different and even conflicting goals from different parts of society. The traditional goals of securing minimum standards and facilitating improvement within universities are augmented with such goals as providing information to the public, supporting inter-institutional competition and positioning institutions or higher education systems in the global competition. The relative priority of these goals is in a constant change over time. This paper aims to map the main tensions that emerge from the conflicting demands and discusses the extent to which impact evaluation can address some of the difficulties. 相似文献
17.
美国高等教育繁荣探究及对我国的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张慧明 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2004,8(4):29-32
美国高等教育在不太长的时间内得到极大的繁荣和发展的主要原因有四：一是美国大学开辟了“所有”有价值的学习领域，特别是与毕业生就业有关联的、与现有技术的行业和知识性的专门职业有关的学科；二是不断涌现出来的教育家和改革家所进行的周期性的课程实验，有力地推进了大学教育的人才培育模式的创新，使大学的人才培养与社会需求紧密相关；三是欧洲的科学家和学者提升了美国大学所有的学科和学术成就领域；四是全国对俄技术的恐惧，激起了国内知识分子的期待，带来了学术的繁荣。这些对我高等教育的改革和发展都是有启迪意义的。 相似文献
18.
大学图以利益相关者理论为基础,在五大高等教育利益主体的影响下确定了多维度多指标的分类标准,通过分类工具呈现了每所大学发展现状和特色,力图引导欧洲高等教育机构多样化发展。其以利益相关者理论为基础,侧重分类维度和指标的社会属性和分类结果的自然呈现,体现了欧洲高校分类新的动向,为我国高校分类理论和实践提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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在博洛尼亚进程下,确立欧盟教师教育的共同原则、开展欧盟教师教育的共同行动、发布欧盟教师教育的共同宣言乃是欧盟在教师教育领域的探索与创新之举。尽管目前欧盟在该领域内尚存不少问题,但其积极的姿态表明,欧盟教师教育必将成为提升欧盟各国教师质量、推动欧洲高等教育区和建构文化欧盟的重要力量。 相似文献