共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
用影像分析等方法对2名男子铅球优秀运动员背向滑步推铅球最后用力过程中躯干转动的动作结构、速度变化等特征进行研究.结果表明,在最后用力阶段,运动员右髋合速度总体趋势上升,达到峰值速度后迅速下降,肩、髋轴的转动幅度在此阶段要远远大于过渡阶段,同时.肩、髋轴的转动速度都迅速增加,肩轴转动速度明显大于髋轴的转动速度,但髋轴先于肩轴达到峰值速度;躯干动作是一种在前振同时进行有序转动的复合运动,右肩的合速度在t1～t2阶段呈下降趋势;人体重心速度的变化在过渡阶段受OY方向的速度影响较大,而受OZ方向的速度影响不大;至最后用力阶段,OY方向身体重心速度迅速下降,OZ方向的身体重心速度急剧上升,而OX方向的人体重心速度对人体重心合速度影响最小. 相似文献
2.
掷标枪最后用力阶段右腿工作的形与质 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在掷标抢最后用力阶段中，右腿着地后的用力动作与右脚的着地形式密切相关，右髋出现向前转送动作与停转动作是左腿着地后的减速制动以及右脚呈拖拉状动作的必然结果。右腿顺势用力促使左脚尽快着地反映了右腿工作的实质。 相似文献
3.
选定进入2013年全国田径大奖赛（苏州站）女子铅球决赛运动员巩立姣最后用力阶段技术为研究对象,研究结果显示：右侧技术中,右踝关节蹬伸比较积极,右膝角幅度大整个右侧各关节伸展比较充分;左侧技术中,左膝角偏小,蹬伸幅度、左膝关节缓冲幅度与世界优秀运动员一致;最后用力阶段各环节特征技术中,左脚着地瞬间身体重心速度、右髋速度、右肩速度都低于3位优秀运动员,而铅球出手瞬间右肩速度、右肘速度较强,另外最后用力出手瞬间,出手高度和出手速度都低于我国3位世界级优秀运动员相应指标。 相似文献
4.
推铅球如何改进左侧制动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在推铅球技术中(以右手推铅球为例),最后用力时左侧制动是其中的一个关键环节,左侧制动的主要作用就是在最后用力时以身体左侧为轴转动,增加身体转动半径,也就增大了右肩角动量,提高了最后用力的鞭打速度,加快出手速度,从而提高成绩。有的运动员用力顺序很好,但就是最后出手速度不理想,这是因为在最后用力时没有正确体会到左侧制动,造 相似文献
5.
优秀女子铅球运动员背向滑步推铅球爆发用力阶段速度节奏特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对我国优秀女子铅球运动员爆发用力阶段相关运动环节及铅球的速度节奏进行了研究。结果表明：左踝与其他环节动作协调匹配形成的左侧支撑制动轴，不仅关系到下肢的动量有效地向上传递和形成稳固的双腿支撑，还可使铅球在出手瞬间的最高点合成适宜的出手初速度；铅球加速阶段，肩轴加速赶超髋轴，左肩制动与右肩前顶动作成为影响铅球出手初速度的重要因素。 相似文献
6.
《山东体育学院学报》1998,(3)
根据观察世界优秀标枪运动员的技术图片,发现有些地方与传统的教科书相悖。认为在最后用力的准备阶段,右腿的动作是蹬伸而不是蹬转。右髋的转动主要是由于左腿的制动所造成的。右脚在最后用力的用力阶段直至枪出手,应始终与地面保持接触,右腿与左腿骨盆一起承担起鞭柄的作用,而不仅是左腿 相似文献
7.
以我国女子铅球运动员刘相蓉为研究对象,运用生物力学方法对其推铅球技术的动作进行生物力学分析。研究发现：在滑步阶段,刘相蓉左腿摆动最高速度出现的时机过早,蹬摆技术动作之间连接不理想,右腿离地时小腿与地面夹角过大;在过渡步阶段,重心速度起伏过大,单支撑时间过长;在最后用力阶段,超越器械姿势比较充分,但躯干用力动作操之过急、髋部动作向前不够,表现在用力点不是很突出,加速效果不是很显著、出手时的速度不够快、出手角度偏低。 相似文献
8.
男子标枪运动员“第二支撑制动现象”的运动学特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
谭建共 《西安体育学院学报》2000,17(4):32-36
借助KS— 16mm高速摄影机 ,对我国第五届大学生运动会前 8名男子标枪运动员最后用力双支撑阶段的投掷动作进行了拍摄。研究结果 :把髋理解为“第二支撑制动环节” ,有助于对该环节的重视 ,更有助于了解其在最后用力过程中产生制动所发挥的作用。“第二支撑制动现象”的出现 ,对上肢的“鞭打”动作 (投掷效果 )有着直接的影响 相似文献
9.
文章以女子铅球运动员马乔为研究对象,运用生物力学方法对其推铅球技术进行运动学特征分析。结论：在滑步阶段,马乔左腿摆动最高速度出现的时机过早,蹬摆技术动作之间连接的不理想,右腿离地时小腿与地面夹角过大;在过渡步阶段,重心速度起伏过大、单支撑时间过长;在最后用力阶段,马乔的超越器械姿势比较充分,但躯干用力动作操之过急、髋部动作的前不够,表现在用力点不是很突出,加速效果不是很显著、出手时的速度不够快、出手角度偏低。 相似文献
10.
对我国优秀男子铁饼运动员投掷技术的运动学分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
通过对我国优秀男子铁饼运动员旋转掷铁饼技术的速度结构特征和动作结构特征的初步分析,发现我国男子铁饼运动员与国外优秀运动员的主要差距是双支撑起转阶段和旋转阶段铁饼的速度损失较大。腾空和过渡时间长、肩髋柔韧性差、最后用力时机晚等是影响我国运动员铁饼速度发挥的主要因素。 相似文献
11.
运用三维图像解析方法,对张峻的旋转推铅球技术中过渡阶段的身体各主要关节角度变化进行运动学分析,目的在于通过了解在不同的时空中张峻各主要环节的角度变化,对其技术进行有效地诊断。张峻推铅球技术的过渡阶段中,投掷成绩在19 m以上时的肩髋夹角都在50°以上,且肩髋夹角与投掷成绩呈显著正相关;随着铅球成绩的提高,左肩角逐渐减小,右肩角变化不大,左髋角度逐渐加大,右髋角的变化不太明显,左膝角度有所增大,而右膝角的变化不明显。 相似文献
12.
Marc R. Portus Bruce R. Mason Bruce C. Elliott Max C. Pfitzner Richard P. Done 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):263-284
In this study we analysed technique, ball speed and trunk injury data collected at the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) from 42 high performance male fast bowlers over a four year period. We found several notable technique interrelationships, technique and ball speed relationships, and associations between technique and trunk injuries. A more front‐on shoulder alignment at back foot contact was significantly related to increased shoulder counter‐rotation (p < 0.001). Bowlers who released the ball at greater speeds had an extended front knee, or extended their front knee, during the front foot contact phase (p < 0.05). They also recorded higher braking and vertical impact forces during the front foot contact phase and developed those forces more rapidly (p ≤ 0.05). A maximum hip‐shoulder separation angle occurring later in the delivery stride (p = 0.05) and a larger shoulder rotation to ball release (p = 0.05) were also characteristics of faster bowlers. Bowlers suffering lower back injuries exhibited typical characteristics of the ‘mixed’ technique. Specifically, the hip to shoulder separation angle at back foot contact was greater in bowlers who reported soft tissue injuries than in non trunk‐injured bowlers (p = 0.03), and shoulder counter‐rotation was significantly higher in bowlers who reported lumbar spine stress fractures than non trunk‐injured bowlers (p = 0.01). The stress fracture group was also characterised by a larger hip angle at front foot contact and ball release, whereas a more flexed front knee at ball release characterised the non trunk‐injured group. 相似文献
13.
Technique factors related to ball release speed and trunk injuries in high performance cricket fast bowlers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Portus M Mason BR Elliott BC Pfitzner MC Done RP 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2004,3(2):263-284
In this study we analysed technique, ball speed and trunk injury data collected at the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) from 42 high performance male fast bowlers over a four year period. We found several notable technique inter-relationships, technique and ball speed relationships, and associations between technique and trunk injuries. A more front-on shoulder alignment at back foot contact was significantly related to increased shoulder counter-rotation (p < 0.001). Bowlers who released the ball at greater speeds had an extended front knee, or extended their front knee, during the front foot contact phase (p < 0.05). They also recorded higher braking and vertical impact forces during the front foot contact phase and developed those forces more rapidly (p < or =0.05). A maximum hip-shoulder separation angle occurring later in the delivery stride (p = 0.05) and a larger shoulder rotation to ball release (p = 0.05) were also characteristics of faster bowlers. Bowlers suffering lower back injuries exhibited typical characteristics of the 'mixed' technique. Specifically, the hip to shoulder separation angle at back foot contact was greater in bowlers who reported soft tissue injuries than in non trunk-injured bowlers (p = 0.03), and shoulder counter-rotation was significantly higher in bowlers who reported lumbar spine stress fractures than non trunk-injured bowlers (p = 0.01). The stress fracture group was also characterised by a larger hip angle at front foot contact and ball release, whereas a more flexed front knee at ball release characterised the non trunk-injured group. 相似文献
14.
我国优秀男子链球运动员投掷技术的运动学特征 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
车晓波 《上海体育学院学报》1999,(1)
采用运动生物力学等研究方法,对所获数据进行定量分析。结果显示．我国优秀男子链球选手掷球时,球速增量较小．影响了出手高度。原因在于．人体旋转速度较慢．ｄ／ｓ比率低;下肢双支撑阶段髋角增幅过大．右脚落地时髋、膝关节角度偏大等。 相似文献
15.
16.
项丽静 《西安体育学院学报》2012,29(4):501-505
通过运用三维运动学分析的方法,对陕西省优秀男子标枪运动员胡海龙和国内优秀的选手的最后用力技术研究发现,胡海龙最后用力时间严重偏长,特别是双支撑时间过长,过渡阶段技术差,右脚着地瞬间身体重心的速度大,身体移动的速度快,"交叉步"速度快,过渡阶段对身体重心的控制能力减弱,增加了缓冲的时间,右腿蹬伸不积极、左脚着地速度慢。过渡阶段下肢移动速度较快,不利于超越器械动作的形成,用力顺序存在着问题,器械出手瞬间右髋速度较低,下肢向投掷方向蹬伸不积极,转动速度慢。 相似文献
17.
Steve Leigh Michael T. Gross Li Li 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):173-193
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between discus throwing performance and the following technical parameters: hip–shoulder and shoulder–arm separation, trunk forward–backward tilt, throwing-arm elevation angles, and the absolute and relative throwing procedure phase times. Videographic data of 51 male and 53 female discus throwers' competitive performances were captured during major meets. The three-dimensional coordinates of 21 body landmarks and the discus were obtained for each thrower's best trial using direct linear transformation. The technical parameters were reduced from the three-dimensional data at six critical instants during the throwing procedure. Hierarchical stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the relative influence of linear combinations of the technical parameters on discus throwing performance. Specific techniques associated with linear combinations of certain technical parameters were identified using canonical correlations. Males and females were analysed separately. Suggestions for controlling the height of release and the vertical component of the speed of release using an effective technique are made. 相似文献
18.
Gareth Irwin Timothy A. Exell Michelle L. Manning David G. Kerwin 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(6):610-616
Understanding the technical requirements and underlying biomechanics of complex release and re-grasp skills on high bar allows coaches and scientists to develop safe and effective training programmes. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the functional phases between the Tkatchev and Kovacs skills and to explain how the angular momentum demands are addressed. Images of 18 gymnasts performing 10 Tkatchevs and 8 Kovacs at the Olympic Games were recorded (50 Hz), digitised and reconstructed (3D Direct Linear Transformation). Orientation of the functional phase action, defined by the rapid flexion to extension of the shoulders and extension to flexion of the hips as the performer passed through the lower vertical, along with shoulder and hip angular kinematics, angular momentum and key release parameters (body angle, mass centre velocity and angular momentum about the mass centre and bar) were compared between skills. Expected differences in the release parameters of angle, angular momentum and velocity were observed and the specific mechanical requirement of each skill were highlighted. Whilst there were no differences in joint kinematics, hip and shoulder functional phase were significantly earlier in the circle for the Tkatchev. These findings highlight the importance of the orientation of the functional phase in the preceding giant swing and provide coaches with further understanding of the critical timing in this key phase. 相似文献
19.
Steve Leigh 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):269-284
The aim of this study was to identify associations between discus throwing performance and the technical parameters of: hip–shoulder and shoulder–arm separation, trunk forward–backward tilt, and throwing-arm elevation angles. Video data of male and female discus throwers' competitive performances were captured during major competitions. Real-life three-dimensional coordinates of 21 body landmarks, and the discus's centre, were obtained for 94 trials using the direct linear transformation procedure. Each technical parameter was reduced at six critical instants. The trend of each parameter across four standards of performance was analysed separately for both sexes. For the female throwers, hip–shoulder and shoulder–arm separations after the flight phase, as well as forward–backward trunk tilts at the beginning and end of the throwing procedure were associated with performance. For male throwers, only the hip–shoulder separation immediately before the flight phase was associated with performance. These findings suggest that the relationships between technical parameters and discus throwing performance are different for males and females. Our results suggest that elite female discus throwers are reliant on effective technique throughout the throwing procedure to achieve long distances, whereas male discus throwers may have a relatively homogeneous technique, and a dependence on physical strength to achieve their long throws. 相似文献