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1.
ABSTRACTThis study examines the practice of adaptation and translation (localisation) of Open Educational Resources (OER). It employs a sociocultural perspective to focus on the experiences of practitioners (localisers) who undertook the localisation of a suite of 125 OER created as part of a teacher professional development programme in India. This localisation process generated eight unique versions of the OER in five languages. Drawing on project reports, practitioner interviews and analysis of the adapted OER, the study explores how localisers created meaning for the task, the situational and linguistic factors that influenced and mediated their decisions to adapt the materials – or not – and the skills and experiences that emerged through the process. Although the findings revealed that changes to the materials were limited, suggesting that enacting localisation is more difficult than perhaps suggested by OER proponents, the analysis indicated forms of localisers’ emerging professional agency through this endeavour. 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACTOpen Educational Resources (OER) are becoming a significant, mission-driven trend within educational literature. To help address rising costs, instructors and designers are looking to OER to effectively replace traditional instructional content, which requires more than just identify and replace. Drawing from 51 OER studies conducted in countries across the five continents, this systematic literature review explored the empirical themes evident in the current research on a global scale. This review found (1) discoverability, sustainability, and remixing are significant barriers that stand in the way of OER disrupting traditional textbook models; (2) there is no significant difference in learning outcomes when instructors incorporate OER; and (3) implementation of OER as instructional strategies is challenging but can be effective in supporting positive learning outcomes when properly designed. The paper concludes with a discussion of gaps in the literature, considerations for implementation and further directions for future research. 相似文献
3.
Veronica McGowan 《Open Learning》2020,35(1):24-45
ABSTRACTEvidence exists that American institutions of higher education are well-entrenched in the consideration of mechanisms for supporting the implementation of Open Educational Resources (OER) and alternative textbooks. Literature reveals that developing and implementing OER is a significant undertaking in terms of time and human resources. This study deploys content analysis of a sample of United States regionally based higher education institutional websites to determine the current state of institutional support mechanisms to implementers just embarking on the OER journey. Findings reveal that institutions have made strides in the development of faculty mini-grants and stipends with guidelines, proposal checklists, and weighting mechanisms to inform decision making. However, due to widespread language across the stratified sample emphasising award pool and individual limits, it is clear that OER funding is still seeking wider support as a permanent funded resource. Sponsorship of institutional OER initiatives seems split between institutional library functions and teaching and learning centres. Other issues, such as ownership and licensing, are significantly underdeveloped in field implementation or fall in a large continuum of practices. Recommendations of shared responsibility and use of data driven initiatives are provided that may improve institutional support of faculty OER adoption, adaption and creation. 相似文献
4.
Giselle Martins dos Santos Ferreira Márcio Silveira Lemgruber 《Learning, Media and Technology》2019,44(3):315-326
ABSTRACTNearly two decades have passed since the Open Educational Resources (OER) movement was launched. Its success in Brazil can be illustrated with the establishment of a UNESCO Chair in Open Education in 2014, in one of the country’s most prestigious universities. Crucially, OER were included in the 2014–2024 National Education Plan, a key piece of national educational legislation, as a category of educational technologies framed as tools. Assuming metaphors such as this play a key role in the ways we think, speak and act, this article presents a critical perspective on OER in Brazil. Examining the implications of the main metaphors used to construe OER in local media and academic sources, the text argues that these metaphors reflect hegemonic discourses on educational technology, concealing the non-neutrality of technological artefacts, obscuring issues concerning curriculum and pedagogy, and overlooking actual local needs. The article discusses issues concerning local OER advocacy, positioned in respect to specificities of a context where education, albeit a constitutionally established right, may be poised to undergo radical changes in the near future. 相似文献
5.
Shironica P. Karunanayaka 《Distance Education》2018,39(1):87-109
AbstractWhile there is growing recognition and acceptance of Open Educational Resources (OER) and Open Educational Practices (OEP) in teaching and learning, designing for their integration remains very challenging for educators. Adopting OER and OEP in their profession requires significant changes in practitioners’ pedagogical thinking and practices, which can be supported by the design of appropriate professional development experiences. At the Open University of Sri Lanka (OUSL), significant successes in addressing this challenge have been achieved with the design and development of a rigorous approach and a robust model to support adoption of OER and OEP by practitioners using Scenario-based Learning (SBL). In this paper we explore the efficacy of a scenario-based approach to learning in the integration of OER by practitioners, reflecting on how the SBL approach was tested and refined over three continuing professional development (CPD) interventions conducted at the OUSL over 2013–2017. Based on the findings, we discuss what design strategies of the three CPD interventions best supported the adoption of OER and OEP by practitioners, how effective have been the theoretical constructs and the strategies adopted in the design of CPD interventions, the impacts of the CPD interventions and implications of these experiences for the future. 相似文献
6.
ABSTRACTThis special issue of Learning, Media and Technology contributes to a growing need, not only for critical accounts of digital education that resist the global, but also for a more diverse representation of the multiplicitous practices of teaching and learning with technology across the globe. It builds on important work that has examined open education initiatives in the Global South [Arinto, P. B., C. Hodgkinson-Williams, and H. Trotter. 2017. "OER and OEP in the Global South: Implications and Recommendations for Social Inclusion." Adoption and Impact of OER in the Global South, 577–592] and highlighted ‘missing voices’ in educational technology development [Davis, R. 2015. The Missing Voices in EdTech: Bringing Diversity into EdTech. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press]. It is through such critical enquiry that research can continue to cut through the discursive regimes of simplistic disruption and enhancement from a pervasive education technology industry. This means aligning research in this area, less with grand narratives that portray digital education as an external and universal force capable of radical transformation, and more with accounts that acknowledge an already-present political economy of educational technology, in which specific devices and applications succumb to everyday practices of negotiation, consumption, and resistance, particular to the contexts in which they manifest. 相似文献
7.
《Distance Education》2012,33(2):165-184
Success in open educational resources (OER) has been reported by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA and the Open University in the UK, among others. It is unclear, however, how valuable OER are in learning and teaching. Approaches to OER policy and sustainability are just two other key aspects that remain unresolved across the sector. Based on the findings from the Open, Transferable, Technology-enabled Educational Resources (OTTER) project at the University of Leicester, UK, 1 we introduce the OER mix framework: purpose, processes, product, and policy. We argue that different mixes of the four Ps can generate different approaches to OER. We discuss the relevance of the framework and its importance for social inclusion and widening access to higher education. We also discuss the implications of the OER mix for the openness agenda. Institutions may find value in adapting and applying the framework. We invite colleagues to critique it and report back. 相似文献
8.
从加拿大的远程教育发展趋势看开放大学的文化使命(上) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加拿大各开放大学在传播本国文明、打造覆盖世界各地的远程教育校园文化过程中,践行着其特定的文化使命。其主要表现是:在远程教育课程文化建设上,呈现出本土化、技能化、民族化的发展趋势,在校园文化的建设上显示出全球化、殖民化、产业化的发展趋势。其办学实践表明:只有立足发展课程文化,不断拓展校园文化空间,才能为开放大学成功担负远程教育文化传播使命,提供强有力的人文支撑。 相似文献
9.
Abstract This paper proposes that excellence in teaching resides in a reflective, self‐critical, theoretically informed approach. A training programme for new teachers is used as an example of how the approach advocated can be put into practice. Evidence is presented which indicates that academic teachers pursuing such an approach develop conceptions of teaching which can contribute to improved practice; and which may also contribute to changing thinking about teaching and learning in departments. It is argued that encouraging reflective pedagogy has the potential of engaging academics in making the cultural changes necessary to professionalise and enhance the status of teaching. Finally, it is suggested that, although the methodology used by the inspection teams of the Teaching Quality Assessment (TQA) is problematic, the impetus provided can be used as an opportunity to explore and establish creative and worthwhile ways of improving the quality of teaching. 相似文献
10.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(3):417-433
Abstract A number of schools in South Africa appear to be struggling with the changes that the government is introducing to improve the quality of education and lay a strong foundation for the country's societal transformation. Leadership has been found to be one of the factors that are associated with how schools cope with change and its complexities. This article focuses on a conceptual examination of the national Advanced Certificate: Education (School Management and Leadership) programme's capacity for promoting sustainable leadership in schools. The findings from the critical analysis of the qualification's documentation suggest that the current formulation of this school leadership development programme does not address the complexities of leadership and change, and is thus unlikely to adequately contribute towards leadership effectiveness or its sustainability in schools. It may, however, contribute to short- term school improvements, policy compliance, management effectiveness or economy and/or administrative efficiency. 相似文献
11.
Sanjaya Mishra 《Distance Education》2017,38(3):369-380
Enthusiasts and evangelists of open educational resources (OER) see these resources as a panacea for all of the problems of education. However, despite its promises, their adoption in educational institutions is slow. There are many barriers to the adoption of OER, and many are from within the community of OER advocates. This commentary calls for a wider discussion to remove these barriers to mainstreaming OER in teaching and learning and argues for a rethinking of the idea of ‘open’ to make it more inclusive by redefining the concept. It reminds us of the original thinking behind OER – which was to create universally available educational resources that can improve the quality of teaching and learning. This commentary posits arguments against conflating OER and open education, questions the narrow definitions of OER, and raises issues around how to be more flexible and open to mainstreaming OER and removing barriers from within the OER movement. 相似文献
12.
ABSTRACTThis ethnography, based on fieldwork in Dili, Timor-Leste between 2015 and 2017, adopts an orthodox sociological theorising of agency to investigate the ways in which people in Dili negotiate the numerous interacting structural barriers to digital education. Having identified a lack of attention to learner agency in the literature on the promotion and adoption of MOOCs and OER in the Global South (King, Pegrum, and Forsey [2018]. ‘MOOCs and OER in the Global South: Problems and Potential’. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 19 (5): 2–20. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v19i5.3742), the paper addresses Connell’s [(2008). Southern Theory: The Global Dynamics of Knowledge in Social Science. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin] influential criticism of the imbalances in global knowledge production, and explores the parallels in technologically enhanced learning. A new concept- Southern agency- is developed through the stories of three Timorese students and their engagement with digital education, focussing on the influences of local infrastructure, family, literacies and the colonial legacy. The paper highlights the need for more extensive research into local practices of learning with technologies and advocates Southern agency as a heuristic device to gain valuable insights into the lived experience of Southern learners. 相似文献
13.
《Pastoral Care in Education》2013,31(2):35-41
This article explores some evidence about tutoring as an effective strategy to support young people’s learning. It is argued that the central goal of the tutor is to provide support for students’ learning. How the activities, relationships and skills of the tutor contribute to the achievement of this goal is then explored. The author emphasizes the tutor’s unique position in the school and how it can contribute to learning for students as individuals and in groups. 相似文献
14.
Margaret H. Cooney Michelle Buchanan Debra Parkinson 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2013,34(3):151-159
Abstract This article discusses the importance of including a teacher‐as‐researcher strand in college courses at both undergraduate and graduate levels. It describes four competency areas that contribute to the ability to engage in classroom inquiry including frequent and quality clinical experiences, practicing data collection methods of authentic assessment, opportunities to learn reflective practices, and experience using the inquiry cycle. Two undergraduate courses in early childhood education and a masters degree program in teaching & learning provide illustrations for embedding the teacher‐as‐researcher strand into the teacher education program. The article discusses the potential for classroom inquiry to stimulate renewal in university and public school settings. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. 相似文献
15.
Frank D. Tallman 《The American journal of distance education》2013,27(2):43-57
Abstract Correspondence education can provide college‐level instruction that is efficient, economical, and sensitive to the changing needs of traditional and adult learners. However, to ensure the development of the educational environment necessary for effective education to occur, providers need to be aware of factors that contribute to student satisfaction and persistence in correspondence education. This article examines the relationship between student satisfaction and course completion in relation to the provision and perceived quality of instructional and student‐support services. 相似文献
16.
Wang Xiaochen Chen Tingting Zhang Yihan Yang Harrison Hao 《Education and Information Technologies》2021,26(4):3825-3844
To better understand the sustainable development of open educational resources (OER), this paper aimed to break through the original ‘fixed’, highly structured evaluation system and develop an open and flexible “1?+?X” evaluation framework of OER by using the modified Delphi method. “1” refers to the mandatory basic criteria that the repository must reflect essential attributes and core functions, which are consist of four components: information content, learning process, system technology, and user experience. “X” refers to optional distinctive criteria that the repository shall focus on one or more developmental orientations, which may include: resource evolution, international collaboration, inclusiveness and equality, open educational practices, and value-added services. Optional “X” criteria, in line with the criteria’s diversity aims, can lead to the sustainable development of OER and globalized lifelong learning. The framework of this study provides a basis for the evaluation and optimization of existing OER repositories, and also serves as functional scaffolding for the construction of new repositories.
相似文献17.
The IMPOER project (implementation of open educational resources, OER) aimed to implement OER in a nursing programme at Dalarna University, Sweden. The university and its nursing programme have long engaged in e-learning, and the nursing programme has recently been awarded the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities E-xcellence Associates Quality Label. The quality award was based on the creation of a roadmap for the continuous development of e-learning and the implementation of OER. The results of the study illustrated that overall, the students and the educators were positive about using OER. They considered that this approach was a new way of learning, and they appreciated the fact that OER were free and easy to access. However, they felt overwhelmed by the amount of material that was available and they were concerned about quality. If the use of OER is to be sustainable, a change in attitudes and practices among students and teachers is likely needed regarding the use of resources on the web. 相似文献
18.
《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2012,64(3):209-225
Abstract This paper outlines the key characteristics of a new paradigm for the management of British Vocational Education and Training. This paradigm is based on measurement of outcomes and payment by results in a market context. The clearest example of this paradigm, thus far, is the Youth Credit scheme, where young people pay for their training by means of a voucher. Based on an investigation of one of the first pilot schemes, we show that despite the existence of the new quality controls within this new paradigm, training of poor quality was experienced by several of the young people we studied. The experience of one young woman is presented as a detailed case study, from which we draw pointers to what quality training might consist of. These include: the importance of a quality learning process, which must be coherent and coordinated, including a mutually reinforcing relationship between on and off the job training, and with effective professional relationships between the learner and those others involved with training provision. The current obsession with markets and outcomes largely ignores such characteristics and may, therefore, contribute to a lowering of training quality whilst claiming to do the reverse. 相似文献
19.
This article presents the results of qualitative research carried out among Polish centenarians who have not experienced loneliness. Objectives: An attempt to find factors protecting against loneliness. A total of 17 cases were included in the research. Method: A collective case study (Stake, 2009) with in-depth interview was applied to the research carried out by the authors. The results show that activity together with personal characteristics (lifelong optimism) allows the building of positive social relationships and contribute to protection against loneliness among the oldest old. Discussion and Implications: The centenarians interviewed experienced many traumatic events in their lives and still they did not know the feeling of loneliness. The cases researched were diverse with respect to social and economic status, health condition, and family status but the common aspect was their lifetime activity and their high level of optimism. The lifelong activity of the respondents allowed them to build social relationships and establish new acquaintanceships, both intra- and intergenerationally. Promoting examples of “positive long-livers” may play preventive role and contribute to the quality of life in late old age, and as societies are ageing, the results are also important for public health. 相似文献
20.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(3):311-316
Trainee teachers' ideas about links between vehicle emissions and global environmental issues were studied using a 'graphic' questionnaire. Most respondents understood that cars contribute to global warming; two thirds identified carbon dioxide as being responsible. Half thought that heat from car exhausts causes the greenhouse effect. Two thirds realised that cars contribute to Acid Rain, but the unorthodox idea that carbon dioxide was culpable was predominant. Two thirds of the students thought, erroneously, that cars damage the ozone layer. It is suggested that students' thinking is over-generalised, and that misinterpretation of diagrams, errors in logic and non-specific language may contribute to their misperceptions. There is a possibility that misconceptions about this issue will be perpetuated in the classroom. Although there may not be room in students' curricula for more teaching about environmental issues, the environmental impact of cars could provide metaphors to illustrate general principles of learning and teaching. 相似文献