共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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R. Scott Kretchmar 《体育哲学杂志》2017,44(1):55-71
The article is intended to reveal important similarities between fiction and sport. I build on Jonathan Gottschall’s discussion in The Storytelling Animal: How Stories Make Us Human by celebrating the significance of stories and their ‘witchy power’ and by examining factors that demonstrate similarities between fiction and sport. I suggest that an unmistakable semantic, structural, and cultural kinship exists between the two. This argument requires a discussion of play theory, play resources and constitutive rules, the semantic power of problems and the uncertainty they produce, and the role of ‘frames’ in bringing problems to life. I conclude by noting the unique frame capabilities of ‘the big game’ and zero-sum dichotomous sporting motifs. 相似文献
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Stacy L. Lorenz 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(17):1973-1986
This essay describes a plan for investigating the cultural meanings of hockey in Canada by examining media narratives of high-level amateur and professional hockey during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In particular, this project analyzes English Canadian newspaper coverage of Stanley Cup games between 1894 and 1907, as well as the telegraph reconstructions that enabled fans to share a simultaneous experience of distant games. Media coverage of hockey brought Canadians into local and national communities of interest, while constructing narratives of manhood, regional rivalry, and civic pride. Hockey played a significant role in the construction of gender and class identities, and in debates about amateurism, professionalism, and community representation in sport. By exploring key issues related to media, gender, and community identities in early hockey, this research addresses important gaps in the study of sport history and the analysis of sport and Canadian popular culture. 相似文献
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马拉松·整体设置·体力波·滚动式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对马拉松训练,必须赋予"整体设置"的眼光."整体设置"眼光的焦点,在于能量榆出功率水平.马拉松水平的表达,在时间过程中,应该以"体力波"(完整的训练阶段)作为基本环节.早先的马拉松进步,是."间断式"的;如果由"间断式"转变为"滚动式",将实现马拉松训练发展史上的一个跨越. 相似文献
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成功的训练不仅涉及到过负荷,同时必须避免大量过负荷练习与不充分恢复相结合。运动员可经历短期运动成绩下降。这一功能性过量训练在恢复后,可提高运动成绩。当训练和恢复之间平衡被破坏,可发生非功能性的过量训练(NFOR)。区分NFOR和过度训练综合症非常困难(OTS),取决于临床结果和排除诊断。诊断OTS的关键词是"延长性的不良适应",以及生物、神经生化和激素调节上的机制。普遍认为OTS症状比NFOR严重,如疲劳、成绩下降、情绪障碍。尽管目前没有单一的标志物可检测OTS,定期监测运动成绩、生理、生化、免疫和心理上的指标可能是最好的策略:发现不能够应对训练应激的运动员。 相似文献
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Claire Brewster 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(10):965-984
AbstractThe concept of women engaging in physical recreation was anathema to late nineteenth-century Mexican society. While underlying scepticism continued throughout the decades that followed, post-Revolutionary reforms provided a surprisingly open arena within which both men and women could practice sport. We analyze how the issue of gender influenced these reforms and the degree to which this affected popular participation in sports. Identifying media coverage as a barometer of broader society’s perceptions of female sporting activity, we consider the salient trends in the Mexican press, how these changed over time, and the ways in which female journalists approached women’s sport. Our findings suggest the need for caution in leaping to gender-based assumptions and provide evidence that, in some respects, male journalists became more enlightened than their female counterparts in confronting underlying prejudices. 相似文献
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"sport-体育":中国体育认识上的最大误区--再谈体育(PE)与竞技(sport)的本质、功能、目标、手段和主体 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
王学锋 《山东体育学院学报》2003,19(1):16-18,22
进一步阐明作为教育组成部分的体育，与作为身体娱乐文化组成部分的竞技之间的本质区别与联系。明确指出，体育的本质功能是增强体质，主体是社会中的每一个个体；而竞技的本质功能是竞争取胜，主体仅是那些能适应竞技特性(竞争性、规则性和娱乐性)的人。 相似文献
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过度训练对大鼠心肌线粒体内钙、MDA及磷脂酶A2的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究过度训练状态下心肌组织损害的变化规律，采用建立一般训练和过度训练大鼠模型，应用形态学手段和分子生化技术，对训练后两组大鼠心肌线粒体内钙含量、脂质过氧化反应产物丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、心肌组织匀浆内酸性磷酸酶（Acid Phosphatase,ACP）和β莆萄糖醛酸酶（Beta-glucronidase)、磷脂酶A2（PLA2）等指标做了定位和定量研究。结果表明，第4周末，一般训练组和过度训练组大鼠心肌线粒体内钙含量、MDA和GSH-Px、SOD、PLA2活性和心肌ACP、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶的活性未见异常改变明显降低；第8周末，心肌ACP和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶明显增加。结果提示过度训练后心肌线粒体的结构和功能产生了明显变化，这些变化可能是引起过度训练状态下心肌损伤的主要原因。 相似文献
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Dilwyn Porter 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(7-8):641-658
AbstractStephen Hardy’s tripartite sports product (1986), as subsequently refined by George Sage (2004) and recently reconfigured by Wray Vamplew (2018), remains the starting point for any study of entrepreneurship in and around sport. Recent work in business history, especially Daniel Wadhwani and Christina Lubinski’s advocacy of ‘new entrepreneurial history’ (2017), also has implications for sports historians. These perspectives are crucial for identifying and exploring some key characteristics of entrepreneurship, here defined as an essentially creative process during which opportunities are enacted and developed rather than discovered and exploited. Emphasis is placed on innovation and on how new combinations are effected. A provisional taxonomy of new combinations is developed and three principal categories – parasitic, strategic, and symbiotic – are suggested, each relating to the tripartite sports product in a different way. These abstract formulations are illustrated by examples drawn mainly form the business history of late-nineteenth and early twentieth-century sport. 相似文献
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AbstractDespite frequent claims that invasive methods of sex verification and early procedures for doping detection were used in 1966 and 1967 at different major international sport competitions, little is known about the origins and rationales for implementing such procedures. This paper focuses on the drug testing and sex verification protocols implemented at the 1967 Pan-American Games held in Winnipeg. Specifically, it explores the conditions that led to these protocols, as well as the details of and the arguments invoked for their implementation. To do so, archival material, media coverage featured in English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish newspapers and magazines across the Americas, and oral histories are analyzed and discussed. The paper demonstrates that neither the sex verification nor the drug testing protocol was mandatory for all athletes and only two very specific groups of athletes were targeted. It also demonstrates that in the case of the former, exceptions were made within the specific group targeted. The paper concludes that the rudimentary protocols applied at the 1967 Pan-American Games likely informed the IOC Medical Commission’s doping and sex-testing policies implemented at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics and Grenoble Winter Olympics. 相似文献
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Two studies were conducted to investigate the paradoxical behavior of obsessively passionate individuals: they tend to continue involvement in their passion activity despite reporting the activity as a source of ill-being. We suggested that elevated self-esteem in activity engagement could be one such persistence-promoting factor. In Study 1, we found that obsessively passionate individuals reported lower levels of global self-esteem compared with harmoniously passionate individuals, whereas they reported similar levels of activity-related self-esteem. We suggest that this indicates that obsessively passionate individuals try to compensate for low global self-esteem by utilizing self-esteem contingencies in their passion activity. Study 2 showed that activity-related self-esteem among obsessively passionate individuals was found to be strongly related to comparative performance evaluations, whereas no such relationship was found among harmoniously passionate individuals. We suggest that self-esteem contingencies related to comparative performance criteria represent a persistence-promoting factor among obsessively passionate individuals. 相似文献
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Abstract We offer an examination of the processes athletes undertake following a sporting experience in order to learn how to interpret their anxiety-related symptoms as facilitative to performance. Six experienced, elite athletes were interviewed regarding the reflective practices adopted following both positive and negative critical incidents with a view to generating knowledge about their competitive anxiety symptoms. Composite sequence analysis procedures were employed to allow data to be considered as meaningful sequences for both the positive and negative incidents. Findings showed distinctions between the effects of positive and negative incidents on the reflective and learning processes and how this influenced the further appraisal of competitive anxiety symptoms. Support is provided for the use of reflective practice as a framework for experiential learning within sport. 相似文献
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Daniel Gorman 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(4):611-634
The intersections between sport and empire, and between sport and the emergence of internationalism in the early twentieth century, have attracted much recent attention from historians. Less attention has been paid to how these relationships became intertwined. This article suggests that the interrelationship between imperialism and internationalism had a profound impact on sport in the interwar years, challenging Victorian and Edwardian ideals of amateurism. This argument is tested through a study of a signature imperial event founded in 1930, the British Empire Games. The first British Empire Games, held in Hamilton, Ontario, are often portrayed as a display of popular imperialism. This article suggests that while imperialism was certainly one aspect of the event, it was not the only one. The article examines the various meanings which organizers, participants and supporters attached to the Games. Local and national organizers in Canada used the Games to convey civic and national identities to the rest of the Empire. The athletes themselves were ambivalent about imperialism, placing the Games instead within the emerging international sporting community. 相似文献
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