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1.
Dynamic behaviour of automotive dry clutches depends on the frictional characteristics of the contact between the friction lining material, the flywheel, and the pressure plate during the clutch engagement process. During engagement due to high interfacial slip and relatively high contact pressures, generated friction gives rise to contact heat, which affects the material behaviour and the associated frictional characteristics. In practice excess interfacial slipping and generated heat during torque transmission can result in wear of the lining, thermal distortion of the friction disc, and reduced useful life of the clutch. This paper provides measurement of friction lining characteristics for dry clutches for new and worn state under representative operating conditions pertaining to interfacial slipping during clutch engagement, applied contact pressures, and generated temperatures. An analytical thermal partitioning network model of the clutch assembly, incorporating the flywheel, friction lining, and the pressure plate is presented, based upon the principle of conservation of energy. The results of the analysis show a higher coefficient of friction for the new lining material which reduces the extent of interfacial slipping during clutch engagement, thus reducing the frictional power loss and generated interfacial heating. The generated heat is removed less efficiently from worn lining. This might be affected by different factors observed such as the reduced lining thickness and the reduction of density of the material but mainly because of poorer thermal conductivity due to the depletion of copper particles in its microstructure as the result of wear. The study integrates frictional characteristics, microstructural composition, mechanisms of heat generation, effect of lining wear, and heat transfer in a fundamental manner, an approach not hitherto reported in literature. 相似文献
2.
For a single-motor parallel hybrid electric vehicle, during mode transitions （especially the transition from electric drive mode to engine/parallel drive mode, which requires the clutch engagement）, the drivability of the vehicle will be signifi- cantly affected by a clutch torque induced disturbance, driveline oscillations and jerks which can occur without adequate controls. To improve vehicle drivability during mode transitions for a single-motor parallel hybrid electric vehicle, two controllers are proposed. The first controller is the engine-side controller for engine cranking/starting and speed synchronization. The second controller is the motor-side controller for achieving a smooth mode transition with reduced driveline oscillations and jerks under the clutch torque induced disturbance and system uncertainties. The controllers are all composed of a feed-forward control and a robust feedback control. The robust controllers are designed by using the mu synthesis method. In the design process, control- oriented system models that take account of various parameter uncertainties and un-modeled dynamics are used. The results of the simulation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms. 相似文献
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4.
邓超 《湖北成人教育学院学报》2013,19(4):5-9
通过对混凝土搅拌筒的几何结构进行了理论分析,建立了完整的数学计算模型,通过MATLAB强大的积分计算功能,分别得出了混凝土搅拌筒搅动力矩、驱动功率、有效容积、搅拌筒重心坐标,大大减少了技术人员的计算量,提高了计算速度与精度。 相似文献
5.
纸基摩擦材料的组成与工艺研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
纸基摩擦材料是自动变速器和湿式刹车装置使用的重要摩擦材料。材料性能决定车辆运行的安全性和平稳性,反过来又受到组成与制备工艺的制约。本文综述了近年来纸基摩擦材料的组成与工艺研究进展。 相似文献
6.
研究目的：为求解钢轨（短波）波磨处的高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触建立有限元模型,研究影响高速钢轨波磨发展的重要因素。削新要点：1．求解不同牵引条件下轮轨间的瞬态法和切向滚动接触问题,并考虑真实轮轨几何和钢轨波磨,最高模拟速度达500km／h;2．基于模拟结果,解释了中国高速线路上发现的钢轨波磨很快稳定下来的现象。研究方法：1．详细分析钢轨波磨处高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触的法、切向解以及由此导致的V-M等效应力和摩擦功沿轨面的波动;2．变化波磨波长、波深及重要滚动参数如速度和牵引系数等,研究它们对波磨处滚动接触行为的影响;3．对比上述有限元模型与传统多体动力模型在波磨处的法向轮轨力结果。重要结论：1．法、切向轮轨力及法、切向接触应力均随着波磨几何呈周期性波动,但相位略有差异,V-M等效应力和摩擦功的波动形式接近切向接触应力;2．牵引系数越大,波磨处V-M等效应力和摩擦功的波动范围越大;3．名义参数下,对于所研究高铁系统,波长为80mm左右、速度为250-300km／h时波磨的动态响应最大,这与现场观测相符;4．传统多体动力模型会高估钢轨波磨激励的法向轮轨力;5．钢轨波磨会逐渐稳定下来,通过速度越高进入稳定越快。 相似文献
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In this paper,a hybrid adaptive compensation control scheme is proposed to compensate the friction occurrence and other nonlinear disturbance factors that exist in the high-precision servo system.An adaptive compensation controller with a dual-observer structure is designed,while the LuGre dynamic friction model with non-uniform parametric uncertainties characterizes the friction torque.Considering the influence of the periodic disturbance torque and parametric uncertainties,fuzzy systems and a robust term are employed.In this way,the whole system can be treated as a simple linear model after being compensated,then the proportional-derivative (PD) control law is applied to enhancing the control performance.On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory,the global stability and the asymptotic convergence of the tracking error are proved.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme has potentials to restrain the impact of disturbance and improving the tracking performance. 相似文献
8.
A dynamic velocity feed-forward compensation control (DVFCC) approach with RBF neural network (RBF-NN) dynamic model identification was presented for the adaptive trajectory tracking of industrial robots.The proposed control approach combined the advantages of traditional feedback closed-loop position control and computed torque control based on inverse dynamic model.The feed-forward compensator used a nominal robot dynamics as accurate dynamic model and on-line identification with RBF-NN as uncertain part to improve dynamic modeling accuracy.The proposed compensation was applied as velocity feed-forward by an inverse velocity controller that can convert torque signal into velocity in the standard industrial controller.Then,the need for a torque control interface was avoided in the real-time dynamic control of industrial robot.The simulations and experiments were carried out on a gas cutting manipulator.The results show that the proposed control approach can reduce steady-state error,suppress overshoot and enhance tracking accuracy and efficiency in joint space and Cartesian space,especially under highspeed condition. 相似文献
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By an iteration method, the influence of oil film inertia on piston skirt lubrication in a high speed engine is investigated. By alternately solving the Navier-Stocks equations and the Reynolds equation, the new iteration method can trace the variations of velocity field and pressure field with time. Based on this, the mixed-lubrication model suitable for the piston skirt of high engines is proposed. By introducing the inertia coefficient, the new lubrication model includes the inertia term in oil film. The model can be also used to solve for the lubrication performances of a piston skirt in low or medium speed engines and for lubrication problem in general excluding 相似文献
10.
Monte Carlo method was adopted to calculate the meshing error considering the manufacture error and assembly error of the meshing point along the time-varying contact line for helical gear pair. The flexural-torsion-axis dynamic model coupled was established under the tooth friction force and solved by the perturbation method to compute real dynamic tooth load. The change laws of the friction force and friction torque were obtained in a meshing period. The transmission error formulation was analyzed to introduce meshing excitations. The maximum dynamic transmission error, the maximum meshing force and the maximum dynamic factor were calculated under different speeds, external loads and damping factors. The conclusions can provide theoretical basis for the gear design especially in tooth profile correction. 相似文献
11.
腐蚀下浸渍石墨材料的摩擦磨损特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以火箭发动机涡轮泵石墨密封和核主泵水润滑石墨轴承为应用背景,针对浸渍石墨材料,研究烧制工艺和销盘配副下的摩擦磨损．通过控制工艺主参数烧制温度,制备了3种石墨化程度的试样;销盘配副试验结果表明：干摩擦状态下,随着石墨化程度的增加,试样的摩擦系数降低、磨损率增加;在腐蚀环境下,石墨化程度小的试样在pv为30时的摩擦系数和磨损率较未腐蚀时变化不大,随着石墨化程度的增加,试样的摩擦系数和磨损量均增加,磨损量约为无腐蚀情况下的2～3倍;随着声口值的增加,石墨的磨损率显著增加,摩擦系数降低．研究得到的基础摩擦学数据为密封和轴承浸渍石墨材料和工艺的选用提供了参考． 相似文献
12.
从三自由度超声波电机的原理与基本结构出发,先分析转子在静止情况下的力矩,接着分析转子在旋转情况下的力矩．随后通过转子转动时动平衡关系得到了求解摩擦驱动力矩和摩擦阻力矩的方法．最后,通过仿真结果对本文提出的数学模型做了初步验证,得到了一些有益的结果． 相似文献
13.
介绍一种高效节能、双逆变器结构、差频控制的交流调速实验系统系统。实现了一种两逆变器直流母线并联运行差频控制驱动电动机 -电动机结构方式的拖动系统。这是一种创新结构的调速系统 ,由于建立了同轴电磁转矩方式的负载关系 ,省去了传统的电动机 -发电机系统结构下的能耗电阻箱。系统实现了再生能量的全部回馈利用 ,调速系统消耗的电源功率仅仅是用于系统电动机激磁、损耗和变频器的开关损耗等。实验系统能实现不同负载类型和运行方式下的变频调速控制个种性能指标 相似文献
14.
利用扫描探针显微镜考察了硅基材料的摩擦磨损性能,同时考虑了环境因素、循环扫描次数的影响;通过实验设计,得出了该材料表面的形貌,初步分析了其摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:压电陶瓷的滞后效应和非线性效应的影响比较显著;随着外界湿度的增加,湿度对材料表面黏附力和摩擦系数有较大的影响;外加载荷和扫描循环次数直接决定材料表面的耐磨性能。 相似文献
15.
金属粉末轧制工艺能够生产一般工艺难于或无法生产且成分精确、性能优良的板带材,是制取高性能以及特殊用途材料的粉末冶金成形工艺。在粉末轧制工艺的力学行为研究中,传统的数学模型被证明所提供的作用有限,基于有限元方法的数值模拟为此提供了一种灵活高效的途径。基于把粉末体看作是可压缩连续体的假设,根据椭球面屈服准则推导了金属粉末体变形的弹塑性本构关系。采用了合适的本构关系积分算法,并对摩擦模型进行了分析。基于MSC．Marc平台的二次开发工具编制了相关的用户子程序,对铁基粉末的轧制过程进行了三维弹塑性有限元数值模拟。该程序的准确性已在对粉末闭模压制的数值模拟及实验对比中得到了验证。此外,分析了轧制速度、摩擦系数等对轧制力和相对密度分布的影响。 相似文献
16.
吕昊 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2009,7(2)
利用IsoMed2000等速测试/训练系统,对陕西省15名优秀男子散打队员进行测试.发现峰力矩和相对峰力矩偏低;等速向心收缩和等速离心收缩时伸肌群的峰力矩、总功和平均功率均大于屈肌的对应值,膝关节肌群力量偏低.建议按照散打运动项目特点加强专项力量训练,提高基础力量训练,加强专项力量训练,屈伸肌群比例训练,增加肌肉工作的实效性. 相似文献
17.
利用自行研制的往复式摩擦磨损实验机对内燃机活塞环-缸套进行了摩擦磨损实验,主要测试载荷、转速以及润滑方式对摩擦副磨损的影响,应用称重法测量活塞环的磨损量,结果表明：在极限载荷下,活塞环的磨损量随着载荷的增大而加剧;若转速较低,难以形成润滑油膜,磨损加剧;必须使摩擦副处于一种弹性流体动力润滑状态,才能降低磨损量。 相似文献
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用于被动力/力矩再现的新型磁流变液阻尼器 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研制了一种用于被动力/力矩再现的新型磁流变液阻尼器,该阻尼器能够在磁场的作用下产生连续变化的阻尼力/力矩.阻尼器的结构包括一个上盖和一个下盖,一个转子设置于上盖和下盖之间,转子与上下盖之间的间隙充满磁流变液,在磁场作用下其粘度变大时,转子相对于壳体将受阻尼力作用.阻尼力矩的模型主要由以下几部分组成:一是由磁场作用于磁流变液产生的力矩,二是由磁流变液的动力粘度产生的力矩,最后是由装置的摩擦产生的力矩.由动力粘度产生的力矩可以通过简单的方法进行计算,由摩擦产生的力矩可以通过实验测得,而由磁场产生的力矩则要通过电磁场的有限元分析得到.最后,对研制的阻尼器原型进行了性能实验,检验了设计方法的有效性. 相似文献
19.
We describe an investigation of the dynamic behavior of a hydraulically driven crane with a freely suspended payload during luffing and slewing motions. To simplify the task, the two movements are considered separately. Taking into account only one motion at a time, the crane is regarded as a three-link kinematic chain with revolute joints. The forward dynamics problem is solved for a crane with three rotational degrees of freedom, two of which describe the load swinging. In both the cases studied, the links are driven by a torque applied via a hydraulic drive, i.e., a linear actuator for the luffing case and a rack and pinion mechanism for the slewing motion. To compose the set of differential equations for the forward dynamics problem, a method based on a general Newton-Euler algorithm is used. From these simulations the time histories of various parameters, namely the swinging angles, hydraulic pressures, and joint forces, are determined. The results obtained via simulations are confirmed experimentally and a good agreement between the two outputs is observed. The results also show that a hydraulic drive system using fast opening flow direction control valves increases the load swing and imposes extensive inertial forces and problems of fatigue and reliability. 相似文献
20.
文章利用C 语言编制了ANSYS到FLAC的接口程序,模拟了砂土粘聚力、内摩擦角、标贯数、桩长细比、动荷载等因素对液化砂土中桩的弦振效应的影响,得出了相关的规律曲线及各因素影响的敏感曲线.研究结果表明,桩基弦振效应随砂土粘聚力、内摩擦角、标贯数、动荷载频率、桩弹性模量的增加而减小,随桩长细比、动荷栽振幅增加而增大. 相似文献