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限制肌血流量运动训练对非系统训练者血中抗氧化酶活性影响的实验研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
魏国 《沈阳体育学院学报》2003,(2):40-42
通过研究递增缺血强度的限制肌血流量运动训练前后血中抗氧化酶活性的变化 ,探讨限制肌血流量运动训练对机体脂质过氧化水平和抗氧化能力的影响。 相似文献
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运动增加了氧耗量,导致机体抗氧化能力的下降以及脂质过氧化机率的提高,同时还降低了红细胞膜的流动性。但经过专业训练后的运动员,其机体的抗氧化能力及红细胞膜流动性却有增强的趋势。由此认为规律性的专业运动训练能提高机体抗氧化能力以及增强红细胞膜的流动性。 相似文献
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少年男子武术套路运动员递增负荷运动中血氨、血乳酸、VE/VO2变化特征的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定了少年男子武术套路运动员组(12人)和普通对照组(5人)在连续递增负荷的蹬车运动中血氨、血乳酸、VE／VO2指标的变化曲线。结果显示，两组人员在运动过程中血氨、血乳酸、VE／VO2指标随运动强度的增加有规律上升，运动初期上升速度缓慢，当运动负荷增加到100W以上，三种指标上升速度加剧。结果提示，少年男子武术套路运动员比对照组有较好的心肺机能，血氨、血乳酸、VE／VO2指标与运动强度有高度相关性，三种指标联合使用可以更精确地评定运动强度、机体的机能状态及训练程度，指导少年武术套路运动员的运动训练。 相似文献
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不同负荷运动训练对大鼠红细胞膜特性的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过实验研究得出以下结论:(1)一次急性运动可造成红细胞的破坏增多,但小负荷的运动训练可以通过增强机体的抗氧化能力,改善红细胞膜性能等途径,最终增加动物血液中红细胞的数量,使其有氧代谢能力及抵抗力竭运动造成的能力均提高。大负荷的训练结果不但使红细胞的破坏增加,且单个红细胞的机能也明显下降,在训练结束后可能发生运动性贫血。(2)大负荷训练后RBCM流动性下降,与其丙二醛(MDA)含量及抗氧化酶SOD活性的变化高度相关。 相似文献
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隔药灸神阙可以增加耐力训练再力竭大鼠骨骼肌组织中的抗氧化酶活性,提高骨骼肌组织的抗氧化功能,减轻耐力训练再力竭运动对大鼠骨骼肌组织造成的脂质过氧化损伤,改善运动造成的自由基代谢紊乱。 相似文献
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隔药灸神阙可以增加耐力训练再力竭大鼠心肌组织中的抗氧化酶活性,提高心肌组织的抗氧化功能,减轻耐力训练再力竭运动对大鼠心肌组织造成的脂质过氧化损伤,改善运动造成的自由基代谢紊乱. 相似文献
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《体育科技文献通报》2004,(4)
G804.4限制肌血流量运动训练对非系统训练者血中抗氧化酶活性影响的实验研究=The experimental researchinto the influence of trains of restrictive volumeof blood flow at different level on anti-oxideenzyme in unsystematic trainer's blood[刊,中,A]／魏国(沈阳师范大学体育系)∥沈阳体育学院学报.-2003.(2).-40-42图3表3参5(SJ)血流量//训练//氧化酶//影响 通过研究递增缺血强度的限制肌血流量运动训练前后血中抗氧化酶活性的变化,探讨限制肌血流量运动训练对机体脂质过氧化水平和抗氧化能力的影响。 相似文献
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李进华 《沈阳体育学院学报》2015,(2):87-91
为了解耐力训练对大鼠心肌组织抗氧化防御系统SOD同工酶活性和mRNA表达的变化,运用分光光度法对6周耐力训练及一次性定量负荷运动后大鼠心肌组织主要抗氧化酶活性检测,并用RT-PCR法检测SOD同工酶mRNA表达。结果显示:耐力训练及一次性定量负荷运动大鼠心肌MDA水平显著下降(P<0.05),T-AOC显著升高(P<0.05),Cu Zn-SOD mRNA、Mn-SODmRNA表达增加,SOD活性和Cu Zn-SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:耐力训练激活了心肌SOD同工酶mRNA表达,进而引起SOD活性和总抗氧化能力的提高,增强了机体清除自由基的能力,有效地起到氧化预适应的作用;耐力训练后再进行一次性定量负荷运动时,机体抗氧化能力明显提高,清除自由基的能力增强,减少了自由基对机体的损伤,提高机体抗运动疲劳能力。 相似文献
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大气颗粒物是对人体健康危害极大的污染物。人体在大气污染的环境中进行运动,随着通气量的增加,吸入体内颗粒物数量也增多,运动者会出现一些呼吸系统功能下降的症状,对健康和运动能力造成不利的影响。针对大气颗粒物对运动者健康和运动能力造成的影响做一综述。 相似文献
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This review discusses the leading hypotheses concerning ventilatory control during submaximal exercise. The ventilatory response at the onset of submaximal exercise has been studied extensively. It is generally agreed that expired ventilation (VE) increases rapidly at the initiation of exercise followed by a slower increase in VE until a steady state is reached. In general, there are four schools of thought concerning the mechanisms that are responsible for the exercise hyperpnoea. Two of the hypotheses relate the increase in VE to neural regulation. One group argues that the increase in VE during work is primarily due to afferent neural feedback to the ventilatory control centre while the other group proposes that efferent neural activity can explain the hyperpnoea. A third group of hypotheses submit that humoral mechanisms must be actively involved in the increase in VE during exercise. The leading hypothesis in this area is based on experiments that suggest that CO2 return to the lung provides a stimulus for ventilatory control. Finally, the fourth supposition is that the exercise hyperpnoea may be due to both neural and humoral mechanisms. In summary, although there is persuasive evidence that both humoral and neural factors may play a role in mediating the exercise hyperpnoea, the basic question of whether the response is due solely to humoral or neural mechanisms remains unresolved. 相似文献
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探讨优秀女子蹼泳队员心肺机能适应性变化和能量代谢特征,为培养蹼泳竞技人才提供训练效果评定的理论依据。通过对我国优秀女子蹼泳队员与一般女子蹼泳队员在递增负荷运动过程中气体代谢变化特征进行比较研究发现,运动开始时实验组肺通气机能动员速度快于对照组;中等强度时,实验组摄氧量（VO2）增加速度减缓;高等强度时,对照组呼吸频率（RR）、心率（HR）、氧通气当量（VEO2）和通气量（VE）迅速增加;力竭时实验组RR、氧脉搏（O2P）、VE和VO2均高于对照组。 相似文献
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We measured the effects of stride rate, resistance, and combined arm-leg use on energy expenditure during elliptical trainer exercise and assessed the accuracy of the manufacturer's energy expenditure calculations. Twenty-six men and women (M age = 29 years, SD = 8; M body weight = 73. 0 kg, SD = 15.2) participated. Twenty-two participants performed two tests, one without the arm poles (leg-only) and the other with arm poles (combined arm-leg). The other 4 participants performed one test without the arm poles. Both tests consisted of six 5-min stages (two stride rates, 110 and 134 stridesmin-1, and three resistance settings: 2, 5, and 8). Steady-state oxygen uptake (VO2), minute ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. Repeated measures analysis of variance determined higher (p <. 001) VO2, VE, and RPE, but not HR, during combined arm-leg versus leg-only exercise at any given intensity. Increases in stride rate and resistance increased VO2, VE, RPE, and HR with the greatest effect on VE and HR from Levels 5 to 8. The manufacturer's calculated energy expenditure was overestimated during both tests. Although the oxygen cost for elliptical trainer exercise was calculated to be approximately 0.1 mlxkg(-1) per stride and 0.7 mlxkg(-1) min-1 per resistance level, VO2 varied widely among individuals, possibly due to differences in experience using the elliptical trainer gender, and body composition. The elliptical trainer offers (a) a variety of intensities appropriate for most individuals and (b) both arm and leg exercise. Due to the wide variability in VO2, predicting the metabolic cost during elliptical trainer exercise for an individual is not appropriate. 相似文献
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We measured the effects of stride rate, resistance, and combined arm-leg use on energy expenditure during elliptical trainer exercise and assessed the accuracy of the manufacturer's energy expenditure calculations. Twenty-six men and women (M age = 29 years, SD = 8; M body weight = 73.0 kg, SD = 15.2) participated. Twenty-two participants performed two tests, one without the arm poles (leg-only) and the other with arm poles (combined arm-leg). The other 4 participants performed one test without the arm poles. Both tests consisted of six 5-min stages (two stride rates, 110 and 134 strides.min-1, and three resistance settings: 2, 5, and 8). Steady-state oxygen uptake (VO2), minute ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. Repeated measures analysis of variance determined higher (p < .001) VO2, VE, and RPE, but not HR, during combined arm-leg versus leg-only exercise at any given intensity. Increases in stride rate and resistance increased VO2, VE, RPE, and HR with the greatest effect on VE and HR from Levels 5 to 8. The manufacturer's calculated energy expenditure was overestimated during both tests. Although the oxygen cost for elliptical trainer exercise was calculated to be approximately 0.1 ml.kg-1 per stride and 0.7 ml.kg-1.min-1 per resistance level, VO2 varied widely among individuals, possibly due to differences in experience using the elliptical trainer, gender, and body composition. The elliptical trainer offers (a) a variety of intensities appropriate for most individuals and (b) both arm and leg exercise. Due to the wide variability in VO2, predicting the metabolic cost during elliptical trainer exercise for an individual is not appropriate. 相似文献
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短期高强度训练对优秀篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为了调查短期高强度训练对篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响 ,对 2 0名 (男、女各 10名 )优秀篮球运动员 ,进行跑台渐增负荷运动直到力竭为止。同时测定气体代谢最大吸氧量 (VO2max)、通气量 (VE)、血乳酸(BLa)、心率 (HR)、血睾酮 (T)、皮质醇 (Cor)及血红蛋白 (Hb)。结果为 :1)短期高强度训练期后男、女两组无氧阈 (AT)值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但VO2max却未有显著性差异 ;2 )短期高强度训练期后男、女两组Hb值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而T、Cor在训练期前后却未有显著性差异。其结果表明 ,短期高强度训练并不能提高VO2max,而AT却明显提高。提示可采用AT值作为反映篮球运动员有氧耐力的指标。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):559-566
Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exercise intensity on coincidence anticipation timing [CAT] performance at different stimulus speeds. Fourteen young adults (11 males and 3 females) volunteered to participate in the study following ethical approval. After familiarisation, coincidence anticipation was measured using the Bassin Anticipation Timer under three conditions: rest, moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise with stimulus speeds of 3, 5 and 8 mph, set using an incremental running protocol until the participants reached a steady state of 70% and 90% of heart rate reserve (HRR), respectively. Results indicated a significant exercise intensity×stimulus speed interaction (p=0.0001) for absolute error (AE). There were no significant differences in AE across exercise intensities at a stimulus speed of 3 mph (p>0.05). AE was poorer during high-intensity exercise (90% HRR) compared to rest (p=0.022), and moderate-intensity (70% HRR) exercise (all, p=0.004 or better) at 5 and 8 mph. Variable error (VE) was similar across exercise intensities at stimulus speeds of both 3 and 5 mph (p>0.05). At a stimulus speed of 8 mph, VE was significantly poorer during high-intensity exercise compared to rest (p=0.006) and moderate-intensity exercise (p=0.008). There were no significant differences for constant error (p>0.05) across exercise intensities or stimulus speeds. High-intensity exercise is associated with poorer CAT performance. However, stimulus speed plays a key role within this association where faster stimulus speeds were associated with a more marked decrease in coincidence anticipation performance. 相似文献
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目的:通过对体育学院大学生进行为期一周的间歇性低氧刺激,观察刺激前后递增负荷运动心率、通气量、摄氧量及定量负荷时血乳酸的变化,探讨间歇性低氧刺激对人体最大摄氧量及通气阈的影响。方法:本实验分两个阶段,每阶段做两次运动负荷。12名体育系男生在实验室常氧条件下在跑台上采用Bruce方法进行递增负荷运动至力竭。间隔3天后进行75%最大摄氧量的定量负荷运动,运动时间为9min,定量负荷后立即进行连续7天,每天1h的12%~10%O2的常压间歇性低氧刺激。低氧刺激完成后第二天再次进行上述两种运动方案。在极限递增负荷至力竭运动前后分别测定心率(HR)、递增负荷至力竭时间(t)、最大摄氧量(VO2max%)、血乳酸(Bla)及定量负荷时Bla等指标。结果:(1)低氧刺激后,递增负荷至力竭运动时HRmax增加(P0.01),VEmax上升(P0.01),呼吸商(R)增加(P0.05),t明显延长(P0.05),Bla明显增加(P0.05),定量负荷运动Bla显著降低(P0.05);(2)间歇性低氧刺激后通气阈时,HR、VE、VO2max%、HRmax%均显著性变化(P0.05),其中VE、VO2max%低氧刺激前后差异非常显著(P0.01)。结论:经过间歇性低氧刺激,受试者在进行递增负荷的力竭性运动时运动时间明显延长,心率在运动后增加,人体通气阈时相对应的心率百分数、最大摄氧量百分比、肺通气量均明显提高,这表明人体有氧耐力和极限负荷运动能力均得到增强。 相似文献