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Huberty JL Ransdell LB Sidman C Flohr JA Shultz B Grosshans O Durrant L 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2008,79(3):374-384
The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine factors related to physical activity adherence to understand why women continue to participate in long-term exercise after completing a structured exercise program. Data were collected from focus groups, interviews, and e-mails, and analysis used grounded theory. The central category related to physical activity adherence was self-worth. Motivation, activity enjoyment, priorities, body image, ability to access support, and self-regulation skills had an impact on the self-worth of nonadherers and adherers. Women must value themselves enough to continue to participate in physical activity once they start. Exercise and fitness professionals are encouraged to use strategies to increase self-worth and long-term adherence to physical activity. Some recommended strategies include (a) increasing motivation and enjoyment relative to activity, (b) making activity a high priority in a woman's life, (c) improving or deemphasizing body image, (d) increasing a woman's ability to access support, and (e) facilitating the use of self-regulation strategies. This study is the first to examine qualitative perspectives of exercise adherence among women who completed a structured exercise program. Several concepts related to adherence presented in the quantitative literature are confirmed and enhanced in this study. 相似文献
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There has been very limited research on the use of self-worth protection strategies in the achievement context of school physical education (PE). Thus the aim of the present study was to examine some antecedents and consequences of defensive pessimism and self-handicapping. The sample comprised 534 British pupils (275 females, 259 males) recruited from two schools who responded to established questionnaires. Results of structural equation modelling analysis indicated that self-handicapping and defensive pessimism were positively predicted by fear of failure and negatively predicted by competence valuation. In addition, defensive pessimism was negatively predicted by physical self-concept. In turn, defensive pessimism negatively predicted enjoyment in PE and intentions to participate in future optional PE programmes. Self-handicapping did not predict enjoyment or intentions. Results from multi-sample structural equation modelling showed the specified model to be largely invariant across males and females. The findings indicate that although both strategies aim to protect one's self-worth, some of their antecedents and consequences in PE may differ. 相似文献
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Abstract There has been very limited research on the use of self-worth protection strategies in the achievement context of school physical education (PE). Thus the aim of the present study was to examine some antecedents and consequences of defensive pessimism and self-handicapping. The sample comprised 534 British pupils (275 females, 259 males) recruited from two schools who responded to established questionnaires. Results of structural equation modelling analysis indicated that self-handicapping and defensive pessimism were positively predicted by fear of failure and negatively predicted by competence valuation. In addition, defensive pessimism was negatively predicted by physical self-concept. In turn, defensive pessimism negatively predicted enjoyment in PE and intentions to participate in future optional PE programmes. Self-handicapping did not predict enjoyment or intentions. Results from multi-sample structural equation modelling showed the specified model to be largely invariant across males and females. The findings indicate that although both strategies aim to protect one's self-worth, some of their antecedents and consequences in PE may differ. 相似文献
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采用问卷调查的方法,对967名大学生的锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持性进行调查,并分析不同体育锻炼情况的大学生在锻炼承诺与锻炼坚持性上的不同,结果表明,锻炼时间、锻炼方式、锻炼效果和身体自我感觉的不同在锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持性上存在差异。 相似文献
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Despite the known benefits of habitual exercise in patients with heart disease, less than half of these patients exercise regularly and many of those who initiate programs fail to maintain physical activity routines over the long term. The aim of this research was to examine processes related to short- and long-term regulation of exercise to gain a clearer understanding of why people might fail to maintain intended behavioral changes. We modeled intention formation and plan formulation to investigate the distinct roles of self-efficacy and motivation (self-determination) in different phases of behavior change. Our results showed self-efficacy to be more relevant to exercise intentions and motivation to exercise planning. This research provides evidence supporting the proposition that the psychological processes related to short- and long-term regulation of behavior change differ and suggests that people might fail to continue regulating intended behavior owing to a lack of self-determined motivation. 相似文献
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研究充分考虑到个体差异和不同社会环境对锻炼坚持行为的影响,识别了影响体育锻炼坚持的主要心理和行为因素,构建了大学生体育锻炼坚持结构模型,采用问卷调查法和统计分析法对模型进行分析和验证,研究结果显示,体育锻炼承诺对大学生体育锻炼坚持影响重要,学校制度因素对于大学生体育锻炼坚持具有较大效果,大学生退出体育锻炼现象的根本原因就在于体育锻炼意图不强。提出以下建议:大学阶段体育教学的核心任务应致力于使大学生形成参与体育锻炼的心理倾向并养成体育锻炼的行为习惯,大学体育教育的核心在于改善大学生的体育偏好而不是过多的强调影响体育锻炼的外因。 相似文献
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采用分层抽样法调查了我国上海市、天津市、成都市、武汉市和福州市5城市的2187名18～69岁的居民,主要调查了他们的运动愉快感产生情况,以及居民运动愉快感的产生与他们的体育锻炼方式和运动量的关系,并研究了有、无运动愉快感居民的心境状态、健康状况的区别。结果表明:有63.74%的居民体验到了运动愉快感,这部分居民大多是2人或2人以上结伴或集体进行体育锻炼,而且他们的运动量显著大于无运动愉快感的居民。有、无运动愉快感的居民其心境状态和健康状况也有差异,有运动愉快感的居民其心境状态显著性地好于无运动愉快感的居民,并且他们的总体健康状况(包括身体健康、心理健康、社会健康)也显著性地好于无运动愉快感的居民,说明运动愉快感是一种积极的情绪体验,是达到身心健康的一个重要的中间变量。因此,建议我国城市居民通过选择合适的运动项目、适宜的运动量,并采取结伴锻炼的方式进行体育锻炼。 相似文献
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Guided by social cognitive theory (SCT), we investigated whether exercise self-regulatory efficacy beliefs can be activated nonconsciously in individuals experienced and inexperienced in exercise self-regulation, and whether these beliefs are automatically associated with exercise self-regulation processes. The study used a 2 (Exercise Self-Regulation Experience Group) × 3 (Prime Condition) between-subjects design in which individuals experienced and inexperienced in exercise self-regulation were randomly assigned to receive subliminal, supraliminal, or no priming of exercise self-regulatory efficacy beliefs. Participants completed hypothetical diary entries, which were assessed for exercise self-regulatory efficacy and self-regulation expressions using content analyses with a SCT coding system and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) text analysis program. For both exercise self-regulation experience groups, self-efficacy priming led to more expressions of low exercise self-regulatory efficacy and dysfunctional exercise self-regulation strategies compared with the control prime. For participants experienced in exercise self-regulation, supraliminal priming (vs. control priming) led to more expressions of high exercise self-regulatory efficacy and functional exercise self-regulation strategies. For the experienced groups, priming led to automaticity of exercise expressions compared with the control condition. For inexperienced participants in the subliminal prime condition, priming led to automaticity of self-regulatory efficacy beliefs and work-related goals compared with the control condition. Automatic activation of exercise self-regulatory efficacy and exercise self-regulation processes suggests that self-regulation of exercise behavior can occur nonconsciously. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):716-722
AbstractA longitudinal framework was used to examine the hypotheses of (1) whether physical activity predicts changes in physical self-worth or (2) whether physical self-worth predicts changes in physical activity in adolescent girls. Participants (n=272) completed measures of physical self-worth and participation in physical activities at three different points spanning a two-year interval. A cross-lagged panel model using structural equation modelling analyses indicated that physical self-worth predicted subsequent physical activity and physical activity in turn predicted subsequent physical self-worth across time. Findings demonstrated a reciprocal relationship between physical self-worth and physical activity during early adolescence. This study supports the use of the reciprocal effects model (REM) in gaining an understanding of the cross-lagged relationships between physical self-worth and participation in physical activities amongst adolescent girls. 相似文献
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探索大学生体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性的现状及其相互关系。通过文献法与访谈法对体测结果关注的概念及维度进行界定,自编大学生《体测结果关注问卷》,并修订大学生《锻炼坚持性问卷》,运用这两个问卷对1219名在校大学生进行调查。通过方差分析、相关分析和回归分析,发现大学生的体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性在性别、年级方面存在显著差异,体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性显著相关,体测结果关注可以预测锻炼坚持性。其中,体测自较关注是预测锻炼坚持性及努力投入与情感体验因子的主导因素,《标准》评价关注最能预测锻炼行为。研究发现了体测自较关注对锻炼坚持性的重要意义,建议在实践教学中不仅要通过结果性评价满足学生对《标准》评价的关注,更要重视通过体质增值评价提高学生对体测自较的关注,进而有效促进学生的锻炼坚持性。研究为大学生体质健康促进的教学干预提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Exercise has been suggested as an effective adjunctive treatment for a range of mental health conditions. In this study, we explored the perceptions of exercise held by course directors of doctoral training programmes in clinical psychology in England. Given the exploratory nature of the study, we used a qualitative design incorporating semi-structured interviews. Although most participants held favourable attitudes regarding exercise, this was related more to exercise being seen as a positive lifestyle activity that is worth encouraging, rather than exercise being recommended as an adjunctive treatment for mental health problems. Inductive analysis identified four themes that underpinned such a response: inconsistent positions on the evidential criteria used to evaluate the role of exercise, which masked themes regarding the perceived 'simplicity' of exercise interventions, a practical adherence to a mind-body dichotomy, and the incompatibility of exercise with traditional models of understanding and treating clinical conditions. The barriers we have highlighted will continue to hinder the consideration of exercise as a common therapeutic adjunct at present. Although further research is required to examine the relationship between exercise and mental health, consideration must also be given to how such research should be disseminated to mental health professionals. 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、问卷调查法及数理统计法对高职院校学生参加体育锻炼现状进行调查.研究发现：山西省高职院校的学生参与体育锻炼以健身和娱乐功能为主,但参与的强度和频数明显较低;男同学对待体育锻炼的态度明显高于女同学;在锻炼项目上,男同学倾向于同场对抗类和力量类运动项目,女同学更倾向于健身类和隔网对抗类运动项目;场地器材不足、宣传不够、体育锻炼意识差是制约大学生参加体育锻炼的主要因素. 相似文献
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运动愉快感与锻炼的心理效应 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
李林 《山东体育学院学报》1999,(1)
运动愉快感是与锻炼心理效应有关的非常重要的变量和因素。探讨了运动愉快感的定义、重要性以及影响运动愉快感产生的因素和运动愉快感的研究工具,并指出了将来的研究方向 相似文献
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锻炼坚持性的国外研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为促进国内锻炼坚持性的研究，使我国更多的民众从锻炼中受益，对国外锻炼坚持性的大量研究予以综述，提出锻炼坚持性的指导方针，并介绍国外在锻炼坚持性领域的未来研究方向。 相似文献
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文章采用问卷调查法,考察不同性别大学生参加阳光体育运动的各种锻炼动机的差异,以及锻炼动机与锻炼坚持性的关系。结果表明:大学生参加阳光体育运动的健康动机最强,社交动机和外貌动机最弱;乐趣动机和能力动机方面男大学生显著强于女大学生,两者在其他动机没有显著差异;他们的健康动机、乐趣动机和能力动机与锻炼持续性显著相关,社交动机和外貌动机与锻炼持续性没有显著相关。 相似文献
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Lissa M. Spencer Jennifer A. Alison Zoe J. McKeough 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2013,24(3):30-35
Purpose
To determine the opinions and attitudes toward exercise in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had completed a randomised controlled trial of 12-months maintenance exercise.Methods
Participants were eligible for recruitment to the maintenance exercise study if they had COPD and had completed an 8-week pulmonary rehabilitation program. They were randomized into an Intervention Group (IG) that consisted of once weekly, supervised hospital-based maintenance exercise plus home exercise for 12 months or a Control Group that undertook unsupervised home maintenance exercise for 12 months. At the end of the 12 months, participants completed a survey consisting of 23 questions using a visual analogue scale (VAS) of 100 mm.Results
Forty-eight participants completed the 12 month study and 36 participants (75%) completed the survey [IG mean (SD): age 65 (8) years, FEV1 58 (20) % predicted; CG: age 66 (8) years, FEV1 67 (17) % predicted]. No between group difference was found for the importance of exercise, the benefits of the program or the importance of support from the physiotherapist. However, the IG reported exercising more regularly, having more enjoyment of being involved in the maintenance exercise program, greater benefit in general well-being, and better physical fitness.Conclusions
At the completion of the 12 month exercise study, the survey results showed that all participants reported positive attitudes towards both supervised and unsupervised maintenance exercise programs, with the IG reporting greater benefits.Key Words: COPD, survey, maintenance exercise program 相似文献20.
通过1194名上海市市民关于锻炼阶段,锻炼乐趣,以及锻炼自我效能的问卷调查。探讨了锻炼对健康生活质量（HRQOL）的影响,以及锻炼各阶段的心理效应变化。结果显示锻炼阶段与HRQOL相关。控制了体重指数（BMI）和锻炼阶段后,锻炼乐趣,锻炼自我效能与生活质量显著相关。结果不仅有力证明锻炼对HRQOL的影响,还证明锻炼带来的积极心理效应也直接影响HRQOL。从结果可以推测,加强我国居民锻炼行为与相关心理效应可以增强健康相关生活质量。锻炼阶段,锻炼乐趣与锻炼自我效能是预测健康相关生活质量的重要指标。 相似文献