共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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运用信号传递理论,分析了不同类型的卖家发送不同类型的保障标记信号的均衡:当传递信号成本无差异时,不同类型的卖家混同于不发送信号的精炼贝叶斯均衡;只有传递信号成本在不同类型的卖家之间有差异时,才会产生唯一的分离均衡,即高质量卖家选择发送信号,低质量卖家不发送信号,卖家的类型显示能够有效地解决网络交易中的信息不对称问题。 相似文献
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研究了知识链组织合作创新过程中信息对称和信息非对称条件下的最优激励契约。研究表明:信息对称条件下代理组织知识投入的努力程度更高,核心企业可以获得更高的收益。 相似文献
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防止对称信息合谋的报酬契约研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锦标制度容易导致合谋问题的发生，现有的防止合谋的非对称机制是以歧视作为区分代理人的标志。这与许多国家维护公平就业的做法相违背。本文在强调代理人能力差异的基础上，建立防止合谋的非对称机制。并证明当能力差异为公共信息时，合谋收益就可以据此公共信息进行分配，因此双方的能力差异并不足以使代理人之间产生严重的利益冲突并导致利益集团的崩溃，从而无法防止合谋的发生。 相似文献
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试论馆际互借与图书馆资源优化配置的关系 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
馆际互借使图书馆的馆藏资源获得了延伸和补充，已逐步成为图书馆信息资源建设与服务的重要组成部分。本文论述了图书馆资源优化配置的概念与内涵，分析了馆际互借与图书馆资源优化配置的密切关系和相互作用。 相似文献
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This paper presents a field-flow method for separating particle populations in a dielectrophoretic (DEP) chip with asymmetric electrodes under continuous flow. The structure of the DEP device (with one thick electrode that defines the walls of the microfluidic channel and one thin electrode), as well as the fabrication and characterization of the device, was previously described. A characteristic of this structure is that it generates an increased gradient of electric field in the vertical plane that can levitate the particles experiencing negative DEP. The separation method consists of trapping one population to the bottom of the microfluidic channel using positive DEP, while the other population that exhibits negative DEP is levitated and flowed out. Viable and nonviable yeast cells were used for testing of the separation method. 相似文献
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This study investigates empirically whether patents can be signals to financial markets, thus reducing problems of asymmetric information. In particular we study how patenting behaviour impacts on the way investors perceive software firms’ growth potential through an increase in the amount invested at the initial public offering (IPO) of firms in the US and Europe. This study performs regressions on the relationship of patent applications before IPO and the amount of money collected at the IPO, while controlling other factors that may influence IPO performance. We also attempt to account for a potential source of endogeneity problems that can arise for self-selection bias and simultaneity between the number of patent applications prior to going public and the amount of money collected at IPO. We find significant and robust positive correlations between patent applications and IPO performance. The signalling power of patenting is significantly different for US and European companies, and is related to the difficulty in obtaining a signal and its scarcity. An additional patent application prior to IPO increases IPO proceeds by about 0.507% and 1.13% for US and European companies, respectively. Results suggest that a less ‘applicant friendly’ patenting system increases the credibility of patents as signals and their value for IPO investors. 相似文献
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In a multi-agent framework, distributed optimization problems are generally described as the minimization of a global objective function, where each agent can get information only from a neighborhood defined by a network topology. To solve the problem, this work presents an information-constrained strategy based on population dynamics, where payoff functions and tasks are assigned to each node in a connected graph. We prove that the so-called distributed replicator equation (DRE) converges to an optimal global outcome by means of the local-information exchange subject to the topological constraints of the graph. To show the application of the proposed strategy, we implement the DRE to solve an economic dispatch problem with distributed generation. We also present some simulation results to illustrate the theoretic optimality and stability of the equilibrium points and the effects of typical network topologies on the convergence rate of the algorithm. 相似文献
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This article is part II of a three part series. In part I we described the theoretical framework for developing an “intelligent information retrieval” tool, based on three principles from medical diagnosis theory. In part II, the present article, we outline a prototype of an “intelligent” IR tool, whose purpose is to facilitate information access for an undergraduate seeking information for a history term paper. Our objective is to create a tool that will (i) draw-out the undergraduate's query to the information system by taking the student through the task of doing the term paper and (ii) diagnose the student's information need by measuring his or her degree of topic integration. The degree of integration indicates a class of information need. The classes of information need are based on Kuhlthau's six stage information search process (ISP) model (each stage is a separate information need, demanding different information to satisfy it). The measurement instrument is based on (i) principles from Shannon's mathematical theory of communication and (ii) principles of uncertainty expansion and reduction from differential diagnosis theory. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the problem of decentralized adaptive backstepping control for a class of large-scale stochastic nonlinear time-delay systems with asymmetric saturation actuators and output constraints. Firstly, the Gaussian error function is employed to represent a continuous differentiable asymmetric saturation nonlinearity, and barrier Lyapunov functions are designed to ensure that the output parameters are restricted. Secondly, the appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and the property of hyperbolic tangent functions are used to deal with the unknown unmatched time-delay interactions, and the neural networks are employed to approximate the unknown nonlinearities. At last, based on Lyapunov stability theory, a decentralized adaptive neural control method is proposed, and the designed controller decreases the number of learning parameters. It is shown that the designed controller can ensure that all the closed-loop signals are 4-Moment (or 2 Moment) semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Two examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. 相似文献
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由于WLAN数据传输方式的特殊性,认证协议对WLAN的安全性十分重要。文章提出了一种基于对称密钥机制实现双向认证和密钥分配的WLAN认证协议,可提供MN和AP间的双向认证,并且应用BAN逻辑对其安全性进行了分析,证明该协议是安全的。 相似文献
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The recent development of microfluidic “lab on a chip” devices requires the need to continuously separate submicron particles. Here, we present a PDMS microfluidic device with sidewall conducting PDMS (AgPDMS) composite electrodes capable of separating submicron particles in hydrodynamic flow. In particular, the device can service dual functions. First, the AgPDMS composite electrodes embedded in a sidewall of the device channel allow for performing AC-dielectrophoretic (DEP) characterization through direct microscopic observation of particle behavior. Characterization experiments are carried out for numerous parameters including particle size, medium conductivity, and AC field frequency to reveal important dielectrophoresis DEP information in terms of the crossover frequency and positive/negative DEP behavior under specific frequencies. Second, the device offers an advantage that sidewall AgPDMS composite electrodes can produce strong DEP effects throughout the entire channel height, and thus the robustness of the on-chip particle separation is demonstrated for continuous separation in a flowing mixture of 0.5 and 5 μm particles with 100% separation efficiency. 相似文献