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从历史角度看,教师专业发展源于并镶嵌于教师专业化,教师专业发展是教师个体提升专业能力的过程,经历了从国家本位教师专业化走向学校本位教师专业发展的历程。关于学校本位主要有三种理解:地理概念、政治概念和组织概念,只有把这三种理解联系起来,才能揭示学校本位的本质,即学校本位是以学校为基地、以建构学习共同体为载体,学校自由支配各种教育资源,为学生、教师和学校的发展谋福祉,并为发展的结果负责。综合起来,学校本位教师专业发展就是学校运用专业权力,自主配置教师专业发展所需要的资源,为教师提供专业服务。促使教师专业性得以扩展与提升的过程具体由三方面要素构成:学校自主、市场规约、教师合作。 相似文献
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教师教育一体化的实施大体有三种模式:一是以大学为本位模式,在我国,主要体现为高师本位模式,因为高等师范院校是我国培养教师的主要基地;二是以教师任职学校为本位的模式,简称"校本"模式;三是以大学和中小学相结合为本位的模式,主要指"教师专业发展学校"模式. 相似文献
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学校本位教师专业发展涉及三个要素:一是需求驱动,即教师专业发展必须是基于教师自身的兴趣与需求,它揭示了教师专业发展的源动力;二是专业合作,即对于教师个体而言,专业发展的重要路径和标志在于如何通过专业合作提升自身基于情景的专业知识和智慧,它揭示了教师知识是基于情景的,而情景知识的获得有赖于教师同伴为了实现知识共享而开展的专业合作;三是支持制度,即无论作为个体还是群体,教师专业发展都是一种过程,需要学校建立一套支持的制度,以保障此过程是专业的、可持续的,它揭示了教师专业那种持续的发展过程有赖于专业的支持制度的保障。本文以上述三个普遍要素作为三个维度,试图建构学校本位教师专业发展的分析框架。 相似文献
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高质量的教育亟需高质量的教师专业发展。学校本位教师专业发展在发展场域、发展要素和发展保障等层面深度契合教师专业高质量发展的时代诉求,强调学校作为教师专业发展的主体场域、突出学校促进教师专业发展的实践品性、注重专业教师和专业学校的融合共生,彰显了浓厚的时代意蕴。但在具体实践中,学校本位教师专业发展则面临主体角色迷失、目标定位失衡、课程支撑不力、评价导向不强、内生动力不足等现实问题。突破现有困境须以学校为主体,从更新主体观念、构建进阶目标、优化课程体系、改进教师评价及完善保障制度等层面深度推进学校本位教师专业发展,提升教师专业发展的优质性。 相似文献
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宋萑 《集美大学学报(教育科学版》2007,8(1):37-42
相对传统教师发展的范式,即自上而下的发展模式——校本教师发展强调教师为改革的中心,教师发展应立足于教师工作的环境和脉络之中,以课堂和学校为本位。教师专业学习共同体则关注教师发展的脉络化,强调通过在学校中建构专业学习共同体,实现教师学习和实践的共享,从而提升教师质素,并实现学校向学习型组织的转变。校本教师发展与教师专业学习共同体在学校脉络这一平台上实现融合,教师在学校的专业学习共同体之脉络中,借由分享领导、集体学习、共享实践,并最终形成教师发展的学校本位之系统建构。 相似文献
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美国教师教育理念特点及其启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张红 《辽宁教育行政学院学报》2010,27(1):145-147
教师教育理念是对教师教育活动的理性认识,经历了知识本位、技能本位和专业发展化三个发展阶段。知识本位时期具有知识的年长者即可成为教师;技能本位阶段注重对教学技能的培养,以教师能力发展为目标,强调教师演示教学知识的能力;专业发展化阶段强调教师是具有专业性要求的职业,是不可以替代的,只有接受专业训练,才能成为更有效,更高水平的教师,强调教师的反思性、合作性。 相似文献
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英国职业学校教师标准从教师＂专业能力＂视角切入,以教师＂专业能力＂成长为核心,从教师的专业品质、专业知识与理解、专业技能三个方面,根据教师不同职业生涯阶段,划分为五个发展层次;其教师专业能力标准具有层次性、系统性、操作性的特点,以期对当前我国职业学校教师专业标准的研究具有一定的启发性。 相似文献
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教师是教师专业发展的主体,教师专业发展需以教师为本位。然而在现实中,工具取向、制度取向和技术取向的教师专业发展严重偏离了教师本位。存在主义是一种关于人的哲学思潮,肯定个人的价值,从实现路径、保障、目标和归宿为教师本位的教师专业发展提供了新的视角。 相似文献
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2007年以来,合肥市教育行政主管部门以课题研究为载体,在合肥地区中小学教师中全面推进教师专业化发展。为了解教师参加专业化发展课题研究活动的基本情况,我们在合肥地区中小学中开展了一次问卷调查,调查重点为教师专业化发展的主要影响因素,并根据调查分析结果,对进一步深入开展"有效推进合肥地区教师专业化发展"课题研究提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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Telling and writing personal stories is a powerful means of fostering teachers' professional growth. However, little attention has been paid to the professional and personal growth of teacher educators/researchers who engage with students and research participants in personal storytelling and autobiographical writing. This article explores the contribution of writing to the development of personal narratives of practice among teacher educators/researchers, and considers the potential of the writing workshop as a space where diverse voices can find expression. Drawing on phenomenological and narrative methods, we examine work with both pre-service and experienced teachers, describing the ways that space was created for a 'dialogue within difference' where participants could express themselves fully. The main questions addressed are: how does personal writing enable teacher educators to understand the experience of students; how do we as teacher educators/researchers learn about ourselves through the mirror of our students' writing and our response to it; and how do the institutional contexts of university and college affect the processes by which stories are told, reflected on and re-storied? 相似文献
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Since closing the gap between different levels of professional development for teachers has been identified as a particular need in our profession, capturing the results of professional coursework can help teacher educators better understand and meet the unique needs of teachers with different levels of experience. This study examined the effects of professional development on early career (EC) and experienced (EXP) teachers during an advanced master’s degree programme in the USA. Qualitative analysis of 47 teacher portfolio reflections and 11 post-programme interviews investigated how EC and EXP teachers engaged in programme learning experiences to determine the ways that coursework influenced their professional growth. Differences between EC and EXP teachers were noteworthy, indicating that these two groups responded to professional development experiences differently. Ongoing research to determine effective differentiated approaches toward professional development for both novice and EXP teachers remains a key area for teacher education research, most particularly with a goal of measuring the results of professional development on improving PK-12 student performance. 相似文献
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于涛 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,(6):58-59
反思能力对幼儿教师的专业发展具有重要的推动作用。幼儿教师要想获得专业发展,必须深刻认识反思的意义,了解反思能力及幼儿教师专业发展,理解反思能力对幼儿教师专业发展的意义。 相似文献
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Ardra L. Cole 《Teaching and Teacher Education》1991,7(5-6)
In this paper I explore the connection between workplace relationships and teacher development. Using a conceptual framework built on Brim and Wheeler's (1966) ideas on self-socialization and Erickson's (1963) theory of psychosocial development I draw on information gathered in year one of a 2-year qualitative study of teacher socialization to explore the following questions: With whom do beginning teachers form relationships in their new professional contexts? What is the nature of these relationships? What functions do they serve? Are some relationships more important at some times than others? How do certain relationships facilitate or constrain the various aspects of teacher development? Can facilitating relationships be contrived? Can contrived relationships be facilitating? And, finally, what role does context play in all of this?The focus on relationships grows out of a need to understand better the role of the “other” in the professional growth process. By examining information gathered through conversations with 13 new teachers I will uncover and explore some of the issues pertaining to professional relationship formation and development particularly in relation to teacher socialization and the psychosocial aspects of teacher development. These insights will be used as a basis for a discussion of formalized induction programs which feature forms of institutionally imposed collaborative arrangements. Drawing on some of the recent work on teacher culture and collegiality (Hargreaves, 1990; Little, 1990; Rosenholtz, 1987, 1989), Barth's (1990) ideas on school improvement through the creation of a “community of learners”, and on Noddings' (1986) and Gherke's (1987) notions on the building of caring and helping communities, I will discuss the limitations of some of the recent trends in professional development for new teachers. I will recommend an alternative approach to new teacher induction, one that takes into account the individuality of the teacher, the school culture, and the socialization process. In essence, I will argue for a “natural” and integrated approach to teacher induction. 相似文献
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Jorge Ávila de Lima Maria João Tavares Silva 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2018,30(1):7-26
This paper reports the main findings of a study that sought to understand how teachers and department heads perceived and experienced the implementation of a classroom observation system in a teacher evaluation context. The data was collected through a teacher and department head survey and interviews with department heads who were responsible for classroom observation. The findings show that respondents regarded classroom observation as an inadequate teacher evaluation instrument. It was also viewed as one of the features of the teacher evaluation system that least contributed to the teachers’ professional development. Department heads felt torn between their intermediate management role as teacher observers and their professional role as teacher peers. Cultural norms of individual professional autonomy that regulated relations among colleagues prevented department heads from using information, gathered through classroom observation, to nourish in-depth professional discussions about concrete educational practices. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to better understand teacher tensions in professional development. The population under study
was practicing mathematics teachers engaged in a week-long professional development institute. Data sources included observations,
interviews, and teacher products (such as registration forms, surveys, journals, and notebooks). The data were analyzed to
determine what tensions were evident in the institute and how those tensions arose. In this paper, we examine participants’
tensions in a professional development situation when their expectations did not match reality. We have done so by presenting
a theoretical model of professional development based on an instructional rhombus that illuminates the actual and applicatory
aspects of teachers’ professional development experiences. The main tensions expressed by the teachers were related to the
content and pedagogy of the institute. This study points toward the importance of teachers’ expectations in professional development. 相似文献
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Emmy Vrieling Antoine van den Beemt Maarten de Laat 《Studies in Continuing Education》2019,41(1):76-93
It is increasingly recognised that social learning by teachers can stimulate professional development. In this study, we search for the social behaviour patterns which can act as a catalyst for professional development, with an explicit focus on student teachers’ learning. Based on the ‘Dimensions of Social Learning (DSL) Framework’, including 4 dimensions and 11 indicators of social learning, the present study explores the social configuration of one network of primary teachers (n?=?12), student teachers (n?=?12) and teacher educators (n?=?2). Two research questions guide this exploration: (1) What patterns of social behaviour in teacher networks are likely to lead to professional learning? (2) What network facilitation guidelines can be discerned to assist teachers and teacher educators wishing to optimise student teachers’ professional development? Data collection consisted of video recordings, reflective notes and semi-structured interviews with network members. The findings paint a picture of how social learning in teacher networks is related to the group’s social configuration. Observation criteria and student facilitation guidelines are suggested to support professional development within teacher networks. For each dimension in the DSL Framework, one point of attention is discerned to optimise students’ learning in teacher networks. 相似文献
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Karen Goodnough 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(17):2181-2204
ABSTRACTThis case study focuses on the professional learning of 38 K-9 teachers who engaged in a professional development (PD) programme in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) through collaborative action research (CAR). Through the lens of CHAT or Cultural-Historical Activity Theory, the author examined what teachers were learning, the contextual factors that influenced their learning and classroom practice, and the outcomes of this PD initiative. The changing activity system of the teachers is described, as well as how they addressed contradictions in their practice. Addressing these contradictions resulted in an expansion of their object and professional growth. The study contributes to a growing body of research in teacher education which applies CHAT as a conceptual framework to understand teacher professional learning and how interactions among activity system components influence teachers’ development and practice. 相似文献
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Taking into account the pressing need to understand more about what teacher educators’ professional development characterises, this article adopts a mixed method approach to explore Flemish (Dutch-speaking part of Belgium) teacher educators’ professional development needs and opportunities. Analysis results of a large-scale survey study with 611 teacher educators and analysis of five qualitative focus groups (with 24 teacher educators) are presented. The results confirm the lack of attention for teacher educators’ professional development in the Flemish teacher education system. Moreover, the findings indicate a structural need for participation in professional development activities that are linked to teacher educators’ own practices, organised as long-term sustainable professional development trajectories, and formally recognised. To conclude, a professional development agenda for research, policy and practices related to teacher educators’ professional development is discussed. 相似文献