共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This paper studies the role of technology standards in firms’ product innovation in terms of both incremental innovation (within a technology life cycle) and radical innovation (beyond the present technology cycle). We first develop a theoretical model which predicts that technology standards can be used by firms as an “insurance” hedging against the risky process of developing new products. This insurance mechanism fosters incremental innovation and product growth especially for those further away from the technological frontier. Using data from a weighted panel of UK manufacturing firms over seven years, we find that the use of technology standards over past years significantly enables a firm’s incremental innovation while also reducing its incentive to deliver radical innovation. Additionally, we show that this relationship is contingent on a firm’s R&D intensity in line with predictions of our theoretical model. 相似文献
2.
利用2004-2012年中国车辆标准数据和442家汽车企业专利数据，采用结构方程模型，实证检验了企业双元创新如何在标准联盟组合的关系资本与高技术产业主导设计间发挥中介作用。结果表明：在标准联盟组合的商业关系与高技术产业主导设计间，企业探索式创新和利用式创新均起到部分中介作用；在标准联盟组合的政治关系与高技术产业主导设计间，企业探索式创新起到部分中介作用，而利用式创新的中介作用不显著。研究结论为主导设计与网络组织理论提供了新的经验和证据，为国家和企业推动高技术产业主导设计的确立提供了理论指导。 相似文献
3.
The notion of dominant designs refers to dominance in the market, hence the literature on dominant designs ignores the selection process that already takes place in pre-market R&D stages of technological innovation. In this paper we address the question to what extent pre-market selection takes place within an industry and how this may lead to dominance of one design over others before the market comes into play. Furthermore we study what selection criteria apply in the absence of actual market criteria. We do so through a historical analysis of design paths for hydrogen passenger cars.We argue that prototypes are used by firms in their internal search process towards new designs and at the same time as means of communicating technological expectations to competitors and outsiders. In both senses, prototypes can be taken as indicators of design paths in the ongoing search process of an industry.We analyzed the designs of prototypes of hydrogen passenger cars from the 1970s till 2008. A database is compiled of 224 prototypes of hydrogen passenger cars, listing the car's manufacturer, year of construction, hydrogen conversion technology, fuel cell type, and capacity of its hydrogen storage system. The analysis shows to what extent one design gained dominance and which strategies were adopted by the firms in their search processes.We conclude that indeed a dominant prototyping design has emerged: the fuel cell combined with high pressure gaseous storage. Actual and expected performance acted as selection criterion, but so did regulation and strategic behaviour of the firms. Especially imitation dynamics, with industry leaders and followers, is a major explanatory factor. Our main theoretical claim is that the selection of a dominant prototyping design is based on an interaction of sets of expectations about future performance of technological components and regulatory pressure that results in herding behaviour of the firms. 相似文献
4.
The power of integrality: Linkages between product architecture, innovation, and industry structure 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A substantial literature stream suggests that many products are becoming more modular over time, and that this development is often associated with a change in industry structure towards higher degrees of specialization. These developments can have strong implications for an industry's competition as the history of the PC industry illustrates. To add to our understanding of the linkages between product architecture, innovation, and industry structure we develop detailed product architecture measurements based on a previously proposed method [Fixson, S.K., 2005. Product architecture assessment: a tool to link product, process, and supply chain design decisions. Journal of Operations Management 23 (3/4), 345-369] and study an unusual case in which a firm - through decreasing its product modularity - turned its formerly competitive industry into a near-monopoly. Using this case study we explore how existing theories on modularity explain the observed phenomenon, and show that most consider technological change in rather long-term dimensions, and tend to focus on efficiency-related arguments to explain the resulting forces on competition. We add three critical aspects to the theory that connects technological change and industry dynamics. First, we suggest integrating as a new design operator to explain product architecture genesis. Second, we argue that a finer-grained analysis of the product architecture shows the existence of multiple linkages between product architecture and industry structure, and that these different linkages help explain the observed intra-industry heterogeneity across firms. Third, we propose that the firm boundary choice can also be a pre-condition of the origin of architectural innovation, not only an outcome of efficiency considerations. 相似文献
5.
利用1999至2013年拥有标准联盟参与经历的170家车辆生产企业的数据,研究标准联盟组合多样性对企业两类技术标准化能力(主导能力、跟随能力)的影响,及关系强度在上述影响中的调节作用。基于负二项随机效应回归模型的实证分析发现：标准联盟组合多样性与企业技术标准化主导能力呈正U型关系,与技术标准化跟随能力呈倒U型关系。在标准联盟组合资源向技术标准化能力转化的过程中,联盟关系强度发挥了显著调节作用：随着关系强度提升,联盟组合多样性与技术标准化主导能力的正U型关系曲线、与技术标准化跟随能力的倒U型关系曲线将变得更为陡峭。 相似文献
6.
目前对跨界搜索与创新之间关系的研究主要聚焦于技术知识跨界搜索,却忽视了市场知识跨界搜索的影响。本文利用270个中国制造企业调查数据,同时研究了技术知识和市场知识的跨界搜索对产品创新的影响,并探讨了两个重要情境变量—行业竞争强度和所有权类型的调节作用。实证结果表明:(1)技术知识和市场知识的跨界搜索都能促进产品创新;(2)行业竞争强度和所有权类型对上述关系存在着调节作用。随着行业竞争强度的增强,技术知识跨界搜索对产品创新的影响变大,而市场知识跨界搜索对产品创新的影响变小;相对于内资企业,外资企业进行市场知识跨界搜索对产品创新的影响较小,但是,并没有发现二者在技术知识跨界搜索与产品创新的关系有显著不同。 相似文献
7.
《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2001,12(1):63-76
Emerging markets are prone to technological uncertainty. Several approaches have been proposed as possible strategies for dealing with these uncertainties. The implications of adopting a hedging strategy are investigated in an industry where a dominant design has yet to emerge. Using the personal computer (PC) industry as a case study, this research shows that (1) firms are most likely to hedge prior to the emergence of a dominant design, (2) hedging is related to increased survival rates, and (3) hedging is related to higher market share. 相似文献
8.
Allan Afuah 《Research Policy》2004,33(8):1231-1246
In this paper, I explore the role that the impact of a technological change on a firm's co-opetitors plays in the firm's technology entry timing. I hypothesize that where a co-opetitor dominates in the co-opetitor-firm relationship, a firm's technology entry timing does not depend on the impact of the technology on the firm's capabilities as predicted by previous research. Rather, it depends on the impact of the change on the dominant co-opetitor. If the change is incremental to a dominant customer, for example, the focal incumbent firm will start development of the new technology before new entrants, irrespective of whether it is radical or incremental to focal firms. If the change is radical to the dominant co-opetitor, new entrant focal firms will start development of the new technology before incumbent focal firms. I explore these hypotheses using the case of three major technological changes in supercomputers: vector processors, minisupercomputers, and massively parallel processors. 相似文献
9.
We apply a cognitive lens to understanding technology trajectories across the life cycle by developing a co-evolutionary model of technological frames and technology. Applying that model to each stage of the technology life cycle, we identify conditions under which a cognitive lens might change the expected technological outcome predicted by purely economic or organizational models. We also show that interactions of producers, users and institutions shape the development of collective frames around the meaning of new technologies. We thus deepen our understanding of sources of variation in the era of ferment, conditions under which a dominant design may be achieved, the underlying architecture of the era of incremental change and the dynamics associated with discontinuities. 相似文献
10.
11.
针对创新组织的适应性行为,通过分析技术创新网络组织惯性产生的根源性,从结构惯性和认知惯性两个维度,探究组织惯性对渐进式创新和突破式创新的差异性影响,并引入网络嵌入性作为调节变量。以研发强度较高的行业为对象进行问卷调研,运用多元回归模型进行实证检验。研究结果表明:组织惯性对渐进式创新存在显著的正向影响,相比认知惯性,结构惯性更有助于促进渐进式创新;组织惯性与突破式创新之间存在显著的倒U型关系,相比结构惯性,适度的认知惯性更有助于促进突破式创新;关系嵌入在组织惯性对双元创新的影响过程中起到了显著的调控作用,结构嵌入的调控作用部分支持。研究结论有助于揭示技术创新网络组织的适应性行为特征,对于提升组织创新能力、维持网络稳定具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
《Research Policy》2023,52(3):104701
Despite digital piracy's well-documented impact on firm revenue, the relationship between piracy and firm innovation, including the creation of new intellectual property (IP) rights, is not well-understood. To fill this gap, this paper estimates the impact of piracy on innovation through a quasi-experimental design and explores the mechanisms driving this relationship using data on software firms. Leveraging a 2001 technological shock that suddenly enabled rising software piracy, we find increases in subsequent R&D spending, copyrights, trademarks, and patents for large, incumbent software firms. Furthermore, firms with large patent portfolios appear to disproportionately increase copyrights and trademarks following the piracy shock. After considering alternatives, our analysis suggests that impacted firms perceive piracy as a form of product-market competition that causes them to increase innovation and balance their IP portfolios. 相似文献
13.
十九大报告提出,创新是引领发展的第一动力,是现代化经济体系的战略支撑。报告明确要求深化科技体制改革,建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系。农业高新技术产业是科技创新与现代农业互动发展的加速器。新时代推进农业高新技术产业,要统筹优化产业环境、科技支撑、组织保障等要素,进行聚集与融合创新,着力打造实体经济、科技创新、现代金融、人力资源协同发展的产业体系,夯实产业发展基础,拓展产业发展空间与规模效益。文章从科技创新视角,分析了我国农业高新技术产业环境现状及需要解决的关键问题,阐述了新时代农业高新技术产业内涵及外延、产业政策着力点、创新主体发展趋势、创新体系建设等,并提出相关建议。 相似文献
14.
15.
Research suggests that in industries where firms compete primarily on the relative merits of their designs, performance feedback from repeated episodes of competitive rivalry often leads firms to focus their resources on progressively fewer design features. Applying 0185 and 0190 concept of ‘competitive repertoire simplicity’ we argue that the shift from broad to narrow set of technological options marking technological evolution is the product of multi-level interaction between competitive design decisions made at the individual firm level, and technological knowledge that accumulates at the industry level. Taking advantage of an elimination tournament called Robot Wars – where competition is transparent, regulated and is marked by repeat participation – we examine repertoire simplicity and its escalation over iterative episodes of dyadic rivalry. Using a data set of 296 robotic designs over 4 episodes of this design contest we find evidence for (a) escalating repertoire simplicity causing convergence in design configurations; and (b) hypothesized, but rarely tested, links between competition at the individual team level and technological evolution at the population level. 相似文献
16.
17.
在新形势下,习近平关于新时代科技创新系列重要论述为深度推进我国行业特色高校科技创新事业的发展改革确立了全方位的战略导向。通过词云分析等方法,研究把握习近平关于新时代科技创新系列重要论述的要义,以其为指导方向,针对我国行业特色高校科技创新发展存在的优势学科单一、基础学科缺乏,办学经费及各类资源有限,以及专业技术职务职称评定体系简单等问题,从以服务行业发展为宗旨、完善体制机制改革与创新生态环境建设、创新人才培养体系建设以及加强交叉学科建设和对外交流等方面,提出行业特色高校科技创新体系构建的路径建议。 相似文献
18.
本文利用等效益面方法和微观企业数据研究企业的效率问题，推导企业的技术进步贡献率，并选取了纺织业和电子设备制造业为例进行实证研究。结果表明两个行业的企业纯技术效率不高，有相当比例企业的规模效率递减，进而制约企业的综合效率提升。纺织业的技术进步贡献率在行业规模缩减期，在40%的水平上有所上升，在规模扩张期则有所下降；电子设备制造业的技术进步贡献率经历一段30%水平的稳定期后，随着研发投入的增加快速提升；产业集聚未能有效提升企业的技术进步贡献水平，核心因素仍是研发投入。 相似文献
19.
Although innovation is essential to build a competitive advantage and survive in the long run, some firms choose to exit, through mergers and acquisitions (M&As), or radically change their business portfolio and identity. This paper examines how innovative capabilities influence the decision of a firm to exit, among business closure, M&A, and radical restructuring. Using an analysis of a large and rich panel of Dutch manufacturing firms, we find that product and process innovation are equally important to lower the probability to close down activities, and this effect is stronger when product and process innovations are pursed in combination. We also find that process innovation reduces the probability of exit by radical restructuring, while product innovation, when not supported by process innovation, especially increases the probability of exit by M&As. Our findings suggest that exit strategies are intimately bound to the nature and synergies of innovative efforts. 相似文献
20.
企业技术创新悖论与化解——基于四川企业的实证考察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
企业在技术创新活动中存在着多重悖论,不仅反映企业技术创新活动的难度,而且制约着区域创新能力的可持续性。这要求我们寻求新的办法和思路,化解企业技术创新悖论,提高技术创新能力,实现企业可持续发展。 相似文献