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Lakshmi Goel Norman Johnson Iris Junglas Blake Ives 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2010,8(1):215-240
A focus on the interaction between cognitive schemas and context in situ has been suggested as fundamental in organizational decision making and information interpretation. Past research suggests that the situation and the social interaction that occur during learning at the cognitive level consist of factors that affect the process, but the research lacks a coherent explanation for how those factors affect it. We propose a conceptualization of learning, termed situated learning, which accounts for these factors. By drawing on situated cognition theory, social learning theory, and the theory of mental models, we identify and measure four components of situated learning, that is, thematic focus, cognitive absorption, social structure, and participation. Among the most important lessons for researchers and practitioners is the need to consider learning as a constellation of the four components instead of an indivisible phenomenon. This perspective can enhance our understanding of cognitive processes, such as information interpretation and decision making. 相似文献
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“Accepting Emotional Complexity”: A Socio-Constructivist Perspective on the Role of Emotions in the Mathematics Classroom 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peter Op ’t Eynde Erik De Corte Lieven Verschaffel 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,63(2):193-207
A socio-constructivist account of learning and emotions stresses the situatedness of every learning activity and points to the close interactions between cognitive, conative and affective factors in students’ learning and problem solving. Emotions are perceived as being constituted by the dynamic interplay of cognitive, physiological, and motivational processes in a specific context. Understanding the role of emotions in the mathematics classroom then implies understanding the nature of these situated processes and the way they relate to students’ problem-solving behaviour. We will present data from a multiple-case study of 16 students out of 4 different junior high classes that aimed to investigate students’ emotional processes when solving a mathematical problem in their classrooms. After identifying the different emotions and analyzing their relations to motivational and cognitive processes, the relation with students’ mathematics-related beliefs will be examined. We will specifically use Frank’s case to illustrate how the use of a thoughtful combination of a variety of different research instruments enabled us to gather insightful data on the role of emotions in mathematical problem solving. 相似文献
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生态心理学取向的情境观形成了不同于行为观和认知观的知识观、学习观和教学观.导致我们对人类学习的认识发生根本性变革的是这种基于情境的学习观,而不是建构观。虽然情境观有可能融合了行为观和认知观,但行为观和认知观同样有其实践的价值. 相似文献
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在分析网络教学特点、学生、学习风格的基础上,从认知角度出发,采用整合性技术接受模型、社会认知理论等,对国内网络教学效果的影响因素进行研究。通过问卷调研的方法,将学生按照学习风格进行分组,识别出不同学习风格类型的学生对于网络教学效果的显著影响因素,并进一步探讨了适合不同学习风格学生的网络教学策略,对网络教学服务提供者改善网络教学适应性和教学效果具有借鉴作用。 相似文献
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This study examines the consequences of whole-body, multi-party activity for mathematics learning, both in and out of the classroom. We develop a theoretical framework that brings together contemporary theories related to social space, embodied cognition, and mathematical activity. Then, drawing on micro-ethnographic and case-comparative techniques, we examine and juxtapose two cases of implementing whole-body, collaborative movement to engage learners in the mathematics of number sense and ratio and proportion. Analytically foregrounding the interdependence among setting, embodied activity, and mathematical tools and practices, we illustrate how whole-body collaboration can transform how learners experience learning environments and make sense of important mathematical ideas. The analysis enriches our understanding of the changing spatial landscapes for learning and doing mathematics as well as how re-instating bodies in mathematics education can open up new forms of collective mathematical sense-making and activity. 相似文献
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The bodily experiences and implications of understanding the functioning of the human brain–body mechanism has been a center of attention in the field of cognitive neurosciences for over two decades. Research in this field has enlarged the theories of learning and development, and contributed to changes in educational practices involving language processing, mathematics, and spatial thinking; however, these changes have not yet been applied to the analysis of transversal competencies such as collaborative learning. The aim of this paper is to bridge the theoretical and applied advances in the field of embodied cognition, specifically collaborative learning. The definitions, theoretical frameworks, and current methodological approaches in the field of collaborative learning are reviewed, with a particular focus on those studies that have investigated interactive dynamics in collaborative situations. The need to take the field further by exploring the theoretical perspective of embodied cognition as a possibility that can open the field is also presented. The relevance of investigating learning in groups by analyzing bodily engagements and intersubjectivity is demonstrated and methodological considerations are raised.
相似文献9.
Luciana Bazzini 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2001,47(3):259-271
The mutual relationship between real objects and mathematical constructions is at the very base of studies concerned with
making sense in mathematics. In this wider perspective recent research studies have been concerned with the cognitive roots
of mathematical concepts. Human perception and movement and, more generally, interaction with space and time are recognized
as being of crucial importance for knowledge construction. A new approach to the cognitive science of mathematics, based on
the notion of ‘embodied cognition’ assumes that mathematics cannot be considered as mind free. Accordingly, mathematical concepts
derive from the cognitive activities of subjects and are highly influenced by the body structure. This article reports some
examples of teaching experiments based on body-related metaphors. Some of them are carried out by means of technological devices.
A call for legitimacy in school mathematics is made, both for an embodied cognition perspective and for a related use of technology.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The aim of this review is to consider how current vocabulary training methods could be optimized by considering recent scientific insights in how the brain represents conceptual knowledge. We outline the findings from several methods of vocabulary training. In each case, we consider how taking an embodied cognition perspective could impact word learning. The evidence we review suggests that vocabulary training methods can be optimized by making a congruent link between the words to learn and one’s own perceptual and motoric experiences. In particular, we suggest that motoric information about the meaning of a word could be incorporated into more standard vocabulary training methods. Finally, we consider the impact an embodied cognitive perspective may have on other characteristics of word learning, such as individual differences in learning and variations in learning different types of words, for example words from different word classes and words in different contexts. 相似文献
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Our extensive literature review in the fields of educational, social, and cognitive psychology has led us to identify about a dozen variables that demonstrate direct empirical links to academic achievement at the K–12 level. Those variables are grouped into four major categories: student engagement, learning strategies, school climate, and social-familial influences. We then categorize the first two variables as personal factors and the latter two as social-contextual factors. We document empirical findings that have shown particular relationships between the reviewed personal and social-contextual factors and academic achievement, mainly in the areas of reading and mathematics. Based on our conceptualization, we propose an integrated perspective that students’ personal factors in the domains of behavior, affect, attitude, and cognition as well as their social-contextual environment have to work in concert to produce optimal school performance. We conclude with a discussion on educational implications and future research to be addressed. 相似文献
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具身认知理论是建立在反思与批判身心二元论的传统认知观基础之上的一种新型认知观。它在理论上突出强调身体参与认知活动的重要意义和价值。这一理论主张对开展有效教学的意义在于,一方面要倡导体验式学习,让学生在亲身参与中获得成长;另一方面可以创设教学情境,营造和谐宽松的学习氛围。此外,融创客教育理念于课堂教学之中,为有效教学的开展提供保障也是一条重要探索路径。 相似文献
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于金龙 《内蒙古大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2011,43(2):92-98
科学的实践性理解是科学实践哲学视野下基于境况性认知规范的科学理解新进路。科学实践哲学认为,对科学的认识离不开科学实践得以发生的实践境况,即实践境况对科学的理解具有规范涵义,科学理解在本质上是一种实践性理解。科学作为一种实践现象和科学理解规范的实践境况内在性,是科学的实践性理解的存在论前提;科学的实践性理解要求融贯自然主义哲学立场和以实践因果性作为规范原则。 相似文献
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Recent accounts by cognitive scientists of factors affecting cognition imply the need to reconsider current dominant conceptual theories about science learning. These new accounts emphasize the role of context, embodied practices, and narrative‐based representation rather than learners’ cognitive constructs. In this paper we analyse data from a longitudinal study of primary school children’s learning to outline a framework based on these contemporary accounts and to delineate key points of difference from conceptual change perspectives. The findings suggest this framework provides strong theoretical and practical insights into how children learn and the key role of representational negotiation in this learning. We argue that the nature and process of conceptual change can be re‐interpreted in terms of the development of students’ representational resources. 相似文献
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Lulu Healy Solange Hassan Ahmad Ali Fernandes 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2011,77(2-3):157-174
In this paper, we aim to contribute to the discussion of the role of the human body and of the concrete artefacts and signs created by humankind in the constitution of meanings for mathematical practices. We argue that cognition is both embodied and situated in the activities through which it occurs and that mathematics learning involves the appropriation of practices associated with the sets of artefacts that have historically come to represent the body of knowledge we call mathematics. This process of appropriation involves a coordination of a variety of the semiotic resources??spoken and written languages, mathematical representation systems, drawings, gestures and the like??through which mathematical objects and relationships might be experienced and expressed. To highlight the connections between perceptual activities and cultural concepts in the meanings associated with this process, we concentrate on learners who do not have access to the visual field. More specifically, we present three examples of gesture use in the practices of blind mathematics students??all involving the exploration of geometrical objects and relationships. On the basis of our analysis of these examples, we argue that gestures are illustrative of imagined reenactions of previously experienced activities and that they emerge in instructional situations as embodied abstractions, serving a central role in the sense-making practices associated with the appropriation of mathematical meanings. 相似文献
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John Seely Brown suggested that learning environments should be spaces in which all work is public, is subject to iterative critique by instructors and peers, and in which social interaction is primary. In such spaces, students and teachers engage in a situated cognition approach to teaching and learning where “cognitive accomplishments rely in part on structures and processes outside the individual”. Here we describe a qualitative analysis of a socially situated learning setting that aimed to develop children who can design, analyze, critique, and transform media, subjecting existing social media, their designs, and their peers’ designs to public and iterative critique. In this setting, adult mentors supported children’s self-expression, self-reflection, and skillbuilding through authentic, socially situated reading, writing, and discussion, and media production. Creating and leveraging such spaces is essential for preparing all children for successful experiences in the new knowledge economy in formal and informal educational settings. 相似文献
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数学课程内容具有抽象性是普遍的共识。通过数与单位以及单位化眼光的案例分析,得到抽象性在数学课程与教学中表现为主观的差异性。利用具身认知理论对学生生成以及加法交换律的分析,得到隐喻思维有益于对抽象内容的理解和意义的丰富。进一步得到数学教学中的两点启示:一是将隐喻思维融入学习,有益于抽象内容意义的理解与丰富;二是面对异样生成和错误应当采取接纳的态度,并使之成为教学资源。 相似文献
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多元文化视野下的数学教科书编制问题刍议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从多元文化的视角研究数学的教与学已逐渐成为国际数学教育研究的新趋势。多元文化进入数学教科书有理论意义与现实价值;典型性、情境性、接受性与激趣性是多元文化视野下数学教科书内容选取的基本原则;而"要素-附加式"、"系统-整合式"与"专题-拓展式"则是多元文化视野下数学教科书内容组织的主要方式。 相似文献
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We add to research on embodied cognition by investigating the observational practices of amateur astronomers. Specifically, we take an interactionist perspective and examine how the body is recruited, moment by moment, as a resource for producing and communicating meaning during field activity. The data corpus is a set of ethnographic video records and field notes on the routines of a community of astronomers, especially small-group interactions during planning, searching for, observing, and confirming sight of a celestial target. Within this space, our analysis highlights how different modalities of embodied action and reasoning (gestures, tool use, gaze, touch, and others) were deployed and coordinated throughout the process of observing a celestial object and how those emerged in the transactions among participants. Our findings rehearse many issues and topics in the contemporary literature (e.g., gesturing for measuring or representationally) but also reveal important, novel forms of embodied action and reasoning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics practices (e.g., training the eyes in averted vision and inscribing a celestial scene onto one’s hand). More broadly, these findings further affirm the power of interactionist analyses of knowing and learning while also surfacing areas in which expanded theorizing is needed to account for the full set of cognitive phenomena we observed. 相似文献