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以新疆特产红花籽油、甘油为原料，在碱催化剂的作用下合成红花油不饱和单甘油酯．实验结果表明：在最优条件(甘油，红花油的摩尔比=3：1，催化剂用量为红花油质量的0．14％，反应温度为195℃)下，搅拌速度与氮气流量存在协调效应；用复合催化剂NaOH：NaHCO3(mol/mol)=1：1进行的醇解反应比用单一碱催化剂NaOH或NaHCO3进行反应效果要好得多，可获得产率为66.53％单甘酯，反应时间也缩短一半。 相似文献
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有关NaOH、Na2 CO3 、NaHCO3 互变型计算题是近年高考试卷中的热点 .这类计算题涉及多个反应 ,关系复杂 ,是考查能力的好题 .现将此种题的四类常见题型及解答规律作分析 ,供同学们复习时参考 .题型一 :CO2 与NaOH反应【反应规律】( 1 )涉及有关反应 :CO2 2NaOH =Na2 CO3 H2 O(CO2 不足 )CO2 Na2 CO3 H2 O =2NaHCO3即 :CO2 NaOH =NaHCO3 (CO2 足量 )( 2 )产物分析 :当n(CO2 )∶n(NaOH) =1∶2时 ,产物只有一种 ,为Na2 CO3 ;当n(CO2 )∶n(NaOH) =1∶1时 ,产物只有一种 ,为NaHCO3 ;当 1 / 2 相似文献
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以红花籽油和甘油为原料，在碱催化剂的作用下合成红花油脂肪酸甘油酯，分析了红花油品质对该反应的影响，考察了加入N，N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂时的浴剂效应以及反应过程中的温度效应、浓度效应．结果发现，反应时间随总反应浓度的减少而同步减少，随总反应浓度的增大而同步增大；在不同的反应温度下，红花油脂肪酸单甘酯浓度随时间延长而增长，其变化的图形呈正抛物线的右半部分；催化剂用量相同时，反应中间体的稳定时间与产率呈正相关性． 相似文献
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以甘油为原料,两步法合成了2,3-环氧丙醇,甘油和氯化氢气体在催化剂作用下氯化成3-氯-1,2-丙二醇,3-氯-1,2-丙二醇在NaOH乙醇溶液中环化为2,3-环氧丙醇。实验结果表明,冰醋酸是甘油氯化反应的最优催化剂,最佳用量为甘油摩尔数的0.2倍;环化反应中最佳摩尔比为1：1,最佳环化时间为30min。 相似文献
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以二氧化硅负载磷钨钼酸(H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2)为催化剂,用苯甲醛和乙二醇为原料催化合成了苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛,正交实验法探讨得出的适宜反应条件为:固定苯甲醛用量0.2mol,苯甲醛与乙二醇的物质的量之比为1.0∶1.5,催化剂H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2用量占反应物料总质量的1.0%,反应时间45 min,带水剂环己烷的用量12 mL.在该反应条件下,苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达79.6%. 相似文献
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以二氧化硅负载磷钨酸(H3PW12O40/SiO2)为催化剂,用丁酮和乙二醇为原料催化合成了丁酮乙二醇缩酮.正交实验法探讨得出的适宜反应条件为:固定丁酮用量0.2 mol,在n(丁酮)∶n(乙二醇)=1.0∶1.4,催化剂用量占反应物量总质量的1.0%,环己烷为带水剂8 mL,反应时间75 min的最佳条件下,丁酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达83.6%. 相似文献
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本文以NaOH水溶液为催化剂，探讨了异戊醛Aldol缩合制备可可醛（2-异丙基-5-甲基-2-己烯醛）的最佳反应条件；反应温度50℃，反应时间9h，催化剂NaOH水溶液的浓度2mol，L^-1，OH^-/异戊醛为1/1（mol/mol)，主产物可可醛的产率为92.2%，并测定了催化剂的重复使用性能，结果发现NaOH水溶液重复使用9次后，其催化性能很稳定。 相似文献
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对三聚甘油单肉豆蔻酸酯的合成工艺的研究表明,三聚甘油的最佳合成条件为:催化剂用量1%～2%,温度260～270℃,采用氮气保护。三聚甘油单肉豆蔻酸酯的最佳合成条件为:温度160℃,无需催化剂,直接利用甘油聚合时所加的NaOH即可。对比显示,所得产品的部分性能指标超过了国内同类产品,并且接近国外产品。 相似文献
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采用超声波辅助碱醇法提取青麦仁中的阿魏酸，在单因素试验基础上通过响应面Box-Benhnken原理优化青麦仁阿魏酸的提取工艺。结果表明，最佳工艺参数为提取时间20 min、碱醇比(V/V)2∶1、NaOH浓度1.1 mol/L、超声温度55℃,此条件下阿魏酸的提取量达2.314±0.130 mg/g。 相似文献
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邱崇丙 《唐山师范学院学报》2014,(1):21-23
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
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Rachel Zupek 《海外英语》2007,(11):40-41
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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YANGShiguo 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):86-88
The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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GUO Bao-feng Xiao Da-wei 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(3):129-133
Using virtual reality for interactive design gives a designer an intuitive vision of a design and allows the designer to achieve a viable, optimal solution in a timely manner. The article discusses the process of making the Virtual Reality System of the Humble Administrator＇s Garden. Translating building data to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language （VRML） is by far unsatisfactory. This creates a challenge for computer designers to do optimization to meet requirements. Five different approaches to optimize models have been presented in this paper. The other methods are to optimize VRML and to reduce the file size. This is done by keeping polygon counts to a minimum and by applying such techniques as object culling and level-ofdetail switching. 相似文献