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1.
山东体育用品业不仅要面对日益激烈的国内同行业的竞争,同时还将面临国际同行业的强大挑战。本文采用文献资料法和数理统计法,对影响山东省体育用品业国际竞争力的直接因素和间接因素进行分析,并提出促进山东省体育用品业国际竞争力提升的相关对策。 相似文献
2.
《Sport Management Review》2014,17(1):23-34
Previous research examining people with disabilities has mainly looked at participation barriers and has formulated implications for sport providers; however, the supply side has been largely neglected. The purpose of this study was to explore the organizational capacity and organizational problems of clubs that provide sport for people with disabilities (referred to as ‘disability sport clubs’). The conceptual model of organizational capacity was used as a theoretical framework. Within a German sport club sample (n = 19,345), a sub-sample of disability sport clubs (n = 521) was identified. The idea was to compare disability sport clubs with other sport clubs; however, comparing a small sub-sample with a large rest-sample may inevitably lead to statistical significance. Therefore, a matched pairs analysis was applied. Since disability sport clubs were significantly larger in terms of members and sports and were located in bigger communities, statistical twins were identified in the dataset that were similar in size and location. The results showed that clubs providing sport for people with disabilities are not specific disability sport clubs. Evidently, these are large multi-sports clubs that have greater capacity for catering for older adults and low-income people, for strategic planning, and for establishing relationships with other institutions in the community than their statistical twins. The regression results indicated that strategic planning significantly contributed to the reduction of several organizational problems of disability sport clubs. The findings have implications for policy makers, club management, and sport management scholars. 相似文献
3.
Since economic reform in the 1980s, Chinese sport has undergone an extraordinary transformation. The most distinguishing phenomenon is the rapid growth of mass sport at the grassroots level with increasing demands for physical activities in women's daily lives. The rapid growth of women's sports participation at the grassroots is deeply embedded in the process of social stratification as a result of the urbanisation of Chinese society. The purpose of this paper is to use the socialist, feminist and theoretical framework to explore how Chinese women's different economic, educational, domestic and cultural situations shape their sports values and patterns of participation, marking social boundaries in Chinese urban communities. Semi-structured interviews and observations were conducted with 60 female physical exercisers in sports clubs, parks and neighbourhood playgrounds. Documentary research was also applied as a complement method to the interview. The findings indicate that within different classes (middle class, working class and a group who were unemployed), many different opportunities for and limitations on women to participate in sport are noticed. Chinese women have not fully and equally utilised sports opportunities created by urbanisation. Most Chinese women still live within patriarchal arrangements. Consequently, they do not completely fulfil their ambitions in sport. 相似文献
4.
Richard Haynes 《Sport in History》2020,40(2):257-277
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the context of private sporting clubs, previously referred to by sports historians as ‘the long residuals of sport’, as important sites of sporting culture and sport heritage in local communities. The project explores the history and meaning of sport through intergenerational collaboration between the academic researcher, primary school children and experienced members of Glasgow Southside's sports community. The research reflects on the process of intergenerational learning, reminiscence and heritage activities to inform future cultural histories of sport, as well as sports development and future well-being. Through a focus on interpreting cultural and social change in Glasgow sport by educating children and elder members of the community in the use of sport media archives, as well affording opportunities to examine the usefulness of intergenerational communication in community settings, the project investigated the cultural transmission of sporting cultures of the past, and its influence over, or disconnection from, contemporary sporting practices of young people. The article concludes that by acknowledging and sharing the heritage of private sport clubs, such ‘communities of practice’ have an important role to play in fostering stronger socio-cultural ties between clubs, their members and young people. 相似文献
5.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(2):1-11
In promotional campaigns, German sport clubs promise to protect adolescents against drugs and addiction, to strengthen social networks, to increase self-confidence, and to reduce violence and hostility. Such rhetoric is partially supported by conclusions from cross-sectional studies, where correlation findings have occasionally been misinterpreted as cause-and-effect relationships. To empirically examine a possible causal relationship between adolescent activity in sport clubs and improvements in motor ability and psychosocial health, we conducted a longitudinal study with 500 adolescents (ages 12 to 18) in three cohorts. Study methods included validated survey instruments, motor tests, and focused interviews, applied over the course of three school years. Results do not show a systematic and universal effect of club membership on adolescent development. Even though adolescents in clubs attain higher beginning performances in speed, strength, endurance and coordination abilities and show more positive results in their self-concept and psycho-social health when compared to their non-member peers and with exceptions succeed in maintaining these performance advantages, our data indicate a self-selection rather than a sport club effect. It is possible that results of greater differentiation and deeper insights could be attained, if future research were to investigate the impact of sports by disciplines, design studies of longer duration, and utilise more elaborate statistical procedures. 相似文献
6.
Paul Turner 《Sport Management Review》2012,15(1):43-59
Broadcasting is undergoing massive changes with technology introducing new delivery opportunities and thereby more broadcasters into the equation. Emerging technology in the sport broadcasting environment is complicated by the existing league and broadcasting regulations. League-based regulations impact on income distribution and product distribution, while broadcasting regulations, largely imposed by the elected Federal Government of the day, are enacted to ensure that commercial and public interests are being supported. Introducing a stakeholder interest-based approach, the regulation affecting professional sport clubs and broadcasters was examined in order to identify how they would respond to the regulation imposed on them in the emerging broadcasting environment.In depth interviewing of senior managers of Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL) clubs as well as sport broadcasters was undertaken with the data analysed, and emergent themes recorded. Results indicate that league, broadcaster and government regulations impact on the clubs and broadcasters in a variety of ways, with clubs facing regulation from the league and the broadcasters, while the broadcasters and league face regulation from the government legislation enacted. The results indicate that these organisations need to be aware of the conditions that arise from the existing and emerging broadcast regulatory environment in order to better understand and respond to it. 相似文献
7.
Sport policies aiming at increasing mass participation and club participation have stressed the importance of sport infrastructure. Previous research has mainly analyzed the influence of individual factors (age, income, etc.) on sport participation. Although a few studies have dealt with the impact of sport facilities on sport participation, some methodological shortcomings can be observed regarding the integration of sport infrastructure into the research design. Oftentimes, subjective measures of infrastructure are employed, leading to biased results, for example inactive people have a worse perception of the actual supply of facilities. In fact it is important to measure the available sport infrastructure objectively using a quantitative approach and integrate it into statistical models. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of individual and infrastructure variables on sport participation in general and in sport clubs using geo-coded data following a multi-level design. For this purpose, both primary data (individual level) and secondary data (infrastructure level) were collected in the city of Munich, Germany. A telephone survey of the resident population was carried out (n = 11,175) and secondary data on the available sport infrastructure in Munich were collected. Both datasets were geo-coded using Gauss–Krueger coordinates and integrated into multi-level analyses. The multi-level models show that swimming pools are of particular importance for sport participation in general and sport fields for participation in sport clubs. Challenges and implications for a more holistic modeling of sport participation including infrastructure variables are discussed. 相似文献
8.
现代体育联盟特点探悉 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
孟召峰 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(6):111-113
当代体育联盟具有的独特的特点和规律，不同于其他行业。体育商品产出是各个俱乐部相互竞争对抗的结果，而为了盈利，俱乐部又要团结协作，所以体育俱乐部是一种竞争依赖性关系。体育联盟的存在，解决了体育俱乐部恶性竞争，实力差距过大等方面的问题。体育联盟的管理使得体育俱乐部整体方面的营销更加高效和有序，并在维持俱乐部之间实力方面作了很多实际有效的工作。 相似文献
9.
10.
《Sport Management Review》2019,22(4):513-526
Researchers examining carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions (carbon footprint) in sport have focused on sport events and, to a lesser extent, sport teams, but provided only average or aggregate values. The author takes the perspective of active sport participants and considers the heterogeneity of individual sport participation behavior. Using online surveys, adult active sport participants (n = 6537) in 20 different sports with main residence in Germany were asked to report their sport-travel behavior in 2015, including traveling in the context of regular (weekly) activity, sport competitions/tournaments, league games, day trips, and training camps/vacations. Annual carbon footprints were estimated using information about travel distances and transportation means. The results revealed an average annual carbon footprint of 844 kg of carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions, with individual sports producing more emissions than team/racket sports. Participants in nature sports had the highest emission levels. Regression analyses revealed that environmental consciousness significantly reduced carbon footprint in individual sports, but not in team/racket and nature sports, supporting the existence of an environmental value-action gap. Activity years, club membership, weekly exercise hours, performance level, and income were mainly positively associated with annual carbon footprint, while gender was insignificant. The findings have implications for policy makers and managers in sport associations and clubs. 相似文献
11.
‘Defnyddiwch y Gymraeg’1: community sport as a vehicle for encouraging the use of the Welsh language
AbstractDespite cultural and statutory changes, including significant investment in Welsh medium education, latest census data show a drop in the percentage of Welsh speakers. Moreover there is a concern that many of those who are able to speak Welsh are not using it – the language is not ‘alive’. The Welsh Language Commissioner has identified sport as a space where Welsh can be used, encouraged and promoted. The aim of this study was to investigate whether community sport clubs can provide a space to encourage the use of Welsh. Using qualitative methods we found that strategies to promote Welsh in sports clubs are potentially divisive. The dominant and ‘operational’ language of many community sport clubs is English. Increasing the use of Welsh in these clubs risks excluding non-Welsh speakers, but ignoring the language denies Welsh speakers the opportunity to participate in Welsh. 相似文献
12.
Taking responsibility and creating social justice—in view of current social developments, e.g., the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities or the influx of more than 1 million refugees in 2015—this demand is also becoming increasingly louder in the context of sport: different types of sport should help to solve social problems or to prevent social imbalances. To date, however, the assumption that sport can do justice to this task is empirically almost untenable. This article provides an introduction to modeling the topic of sport in social responsibility for the sport pedagogical discourse and presents action and research practices as well as research objectives using the example of a socially effective youth sport in school, clubs, and social work. Two research projects provide an example of the scientific contribution that sport pedagogy can make by examining approaches to sport-related social projects and their effectiveness. The evaluation of the WiO-Fit project was able to show how appropriate sport programs can “lure” socially and educationally disadvantaged youth who can be guided into appropriate coaching and counseling services, according to the individual problems outside of sports. The research results of the social project Gobox show the central role that intergenerational relationship management and language play when it comes to increasing the commitment of youth who would otherwise turn away from sports. This article not only highlights the potential of sport pedagogical research in this field, but also provides suggestions for interdisciplinary cooperation and research practice. 相似文献
13.
通过分析湖北省公共体育服务社会化改革的必要性和可行性,在对社会物品分类标准的重新解读、对公共管理对象和管理内容进行动态分析和借鉴国内外公共服务改革经验的基础上,提出了湖北省应适时推进公共体育服务社会化改革的建议。 相似文献
14.
关于职业俱乐部的投资行为与投资环境 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
职业俱乐部的经济环境、市场环境、人力资源环境、政策法律环境和社会人文环境综合分析表明,虽然体育改革的大环境,特别是体育产业化的发展有利于企业对职业俱乐部的投资,但是由于体育产业化过程中存在俱乐部产权不清晰,市场经营和获取回报的主要渠道不畅,人力资源的不良竞争造成企业投入成本过高,市场管理不规范,相关的政策不完善,导致投资者投资没有保障等问题,现阶段对职业俱乐部的投资具有相当大的风险。为了保护职业俱乐部各投资主体的利益,促进职业体育产业化的良性发展,我们必须重视和积极地营造良好的职业俱乐部投资环境。 相似文献
15.
Eivind Å. Skille 《Sport in Society》2019,22(4):589-605
AbstractThe Sámi are the indigenous people of the North Calotte, living in Sápmi (land of the Sámi, which covers the north parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and north east of Russia). This paper examines the role of Sámi sport with reference to the Nordic model – centred on the welfare state and social democracy – and draws on Norwegian and some Swedish empirical data. Theoretically, I combine Bourdieu’s field theory with two possible trajectories of post-colonialism: neo-traditionalism and biculturalism. Methodologically, I lean onresearch into Sámi sport, sport organization and state policy. The analysis shows that on a state level, Nordic sport policy towards Sámi sport corresponds to the neo-traditionalist perspective, that the revitalization of indigeneity is an issue primarily for the indigenous peoples and not for the entire population of the nation state. However, there are several nuances. First, the situation for Sámi sport is better in Norway than in other countries of the Sápmi region. Second, the experiences reported by representatives of local sport clubs show a bicultural, integrated approach to sport organizations. 相似文献
16.
肖淑红 《天津体育学院学报》2009,24(3):216-217
从分析产品品牌建设的根本途径人手,对我国体育健身服产品品牌建设存在的问题进行阐述;进一步对品牌建设存在问题的根源进行剖析,分别为全民健身中心和商业健身俱乐部提出品牌建设的具体建议.主要结论:以顾客为核心,以价值为导向.降低成本,提升功能,是体育健身服务产品品牌建设的重要路径;体育服务机构要重视价值管理与价值实现的理念;体育健身服务产品晶牌建设的实质是产品的价值创造;品牌建设核心问题就足围绕着产品价值创造来提升竞争力;体育健身服务机构要关注价值管理技术、学习相应方法,在变化的市场中练内功,从而提升应变能力,创造有竞争力的体育健身服务产品品牌. 相似文献
17.
The study investigates whether sport is an especially risky environment for sexual harassment to occur. It explores female students’ experiences of sexual harassment in organized sport and compares them with their experiences in formal education, by addressing the following research questions: (1) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences of sexual harassment in sport and education? (2) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences of sexual harassment from coaches and teachers? (3) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences from peer students and peer athletes? A total of 616 female students from three different European countries, Czech Republic, Greece and Norway, answered a questionnaire. The results revealed that the students had experienced more sexual harassment in an educational setting than in a sport setting. Further analysis showed that this was primarily due to sexual harassment from peers in school. In Greece and Norway, there was no difference between occurrences from teachers and coaches, yet in Czech Republic coaches appear to harass more than teachers. The difference between sexual harassment occurring from peers in sport and in education is discussed in relation to whether the sense of belonging/camaraderie that a sport club member may experience might function as a barrier for sexual harassment to occur—because it embarrasses or hurts a teammate. In addition, sport clubs and teams are governed by their respective sport rules and possibly by additional club/team rules, which may also establish extra inside-club/team boundaries for acceptable and nonacceptable/harassing behaviors. This article concludes that greater emphasis ought to be placed on education; not only toward shaping safer teacher/coach behaviors, but also toward the student/athlete behaviors. 相似文献
18.
加入WTO对中国体育用品产业的影响 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
体育用品产业是我国目前体育产业中重要的组成部分,其发展规模必然对我国体育产业总体经济规模产生重要的影响,特别是加入WTO后贸易规则的改变必然对我国体育用品产业产生巨大的影响。对加入WTO对我国体育用品产业的影响进行分析,必须结合与体育用品产业有关的贸易规则,才有事实依据和针对性。 相似文献
19.
休闲娱乐理论与体育俱乐部的发展 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
近几年我国尝试发展体育俱乐部,但是在实际运作中,与发达国家还有很大的距离.进入21世纪后,人类面对世界范围内休闲时代的来临,体育活动成为休闲娱乐的重要组成部分.2002年我国已对<国民经济行业分类>进行了修订,体育被列入"文化、体育和娱乐业".体育俱乐部作为基层组织形式,将在休闲娱乐理论的指引下发展.将体育俱乐部视为休闲时代提供竞赛表演、促进健身参与等准公共产品服务的社会组织,对比参考国内外同类体育俱乐部的状况,提出了改进我国体育俱乐部的目标、任务和管理模式等措施. 相似文献
20.
《Sport Management Review》2017,20(5):510-521
Poverty and social exclusion are ‘wicked issues’ and require a joint approach from a wide array of policy fields. As practicing sport has become a customary activity, it has a part to play in fighting social exclusion. But to what extent is this a realistic expectation? Drawing on qualitative data gathered from semi-structured interviews at twenty local sport authorities in Flanders (Belgium), the aim of this study is to gain insight in the experiences of local sport authorities with people in poverty, and to identify barriers and facilitators for investing in the inclusion of this social group. Results indicate that facilitating inclusion for people in poverty is a challenging task for local sport managers. Policy initiatives, if any, often remain limited to providing financial discounts. Only a minority of local sport managers reported more comprehensive policies, involving different strategies. A major problem is the limited understanding and expertise of local sport managers with regard to poverty. Therefore, cooperation between sport managers and organisations from the social sector is crucial. Recommendations as to how the role of local sport authorities as a facilitator of social inclusion can be strengthened are formulated. 相似文献