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1.
运用文献资料法、访谈法、录像分析法和比较法对摩登舞者的音乐表现技法进行了深入研究,对摩登舞者的音乐表现特征和技术要素,以及快慢强弱的处理、情感的引导等进行了较为深入地分析,希望能为国际标准舞的教学、训练和比赛提供一定的理论参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

The study was designed to determine how individuals become socialised into folk, competitive ballroom, ballet and modern dance through an investigation of background variables, the influence of significant others and the participation profiles of dancers, and the identification of those socialization and involvement variables that best discriminate among different groups of dancers.

The subjects were 308 adolescent and adult dancers of at least 16 years of age who had pursued their main dance form for a minimum of three years. The data were collected by questionnaire, supplemented with some additional data gathered through personal interviews. Differences between the four dance groups were analysed using t‐test, Chi Square analyses, analyses of variance, Scheffe's multiple‐range test and discriminant analysis.

Most subjects were from the middle or upper socio‐economic classes. Most art dancers were women while social dancers displayed a more even distribution of sexes. Ballet dancers were youngest and ballroom dancers oldest when they started dancing. Mother's influence was significant among those who had started dancing at a young age while a friend of the same sex was influential among all respondents regardless of the age at which they had taken up dancing. Among men the influence of a friend of the opposite sex was also significant. The involvement of other family members in dance correlated most strongly with folk dancing, least strongly with modern dance. The dance teacher or coach was perceived as the most encouraging person in every dance form.

The most wide‐ranging past and present dance activities were found among modern dancers. The variables which best discriminated between dance forms were starting age, the variety of present dance activities and the intensity of practising one's main dance form. Such differences in socialisation into different dance forms should be taken into account when developing dance and dance teacher education curricula, teaching dance and planning recreational dance activities.

  相似文献   

3.
A large number of sociologists have adopted the notion of the embodied subject to escape the trappings of the rational choice theory in sociological analysis. From a phenomenological perspective, the notion of an embodied subject refers to a subject who is in unity with the world. In this paper, I will present my ethnographic study of a group of trainee dancers preparing to embody the world of modern dance. I will present my study of their training experiences as a case of subjects striving to embody a world other than the one they already embody. I observed that pain formed the core part of trainee dancers’ daily experiences. Following Leder's theory of the ‘absent body’ and Bourdieu's conception of the ‘modern social world’, I interpreted trainee dancers’ experiences of pain with respect to the historically shaped collective expectations of the world of modern dance. I argue that their experiences of pain indicate how far along they are in the process of their embodiment of the world of modern dance. As they experience a decrease in the intensity of pain during their training, trainees become closer to embodying the world of modern dance.  相似文献   

4.
李炜  唐一丹 《冰雪运动》2011,33(6):20-24
舞蹈的表现和表演能力日益成为限制我国花样滑冰运动员竞技水平提升的重要因素,培养花样滑冰运动员的舞蹈表现能力和表演能力是目前我国花样滑冰运动员培养工作中的重要任务.采用文献资料法对花样滑冰运动员舞蹈技能相关文献进行归纳总结,结果表明:舞蹈技能是花样滑冰运动员应该具备的基础能力,其包括芭蕾舞、国际标准舞、现代舞和民族舞等4种表现形式.提出花样滑冰运动员舞蹈技能的培养应从音乐素质、舞蹈能力和艺术表现力等3个方面入手,为花样滑冰竞技训练水平的提高理论参考.  相似文献   

5.
通过逻辑分析法和文献资料法,结合体育舞蹈的专项特点以及生理特点,研究分析体育舞蹈技术特征及专项力量训练方法。从体育舞蹈的控制技术、旋转技术、律动技术、扭摆技术、弹动技术和摆荡技术等方面及专项力量训练的静力性力量训练、速度力量训练、力量耐力训练和相对力量训练进行分析研究。研究目的是使舞者认识到专项力量的训练对于专项技术与专项体能的重要性,在日常的学习和训练中可以将体育舞蹈运动技术特点与专项力量训练相结合并制定出符合舞者的专项力量训练方法,从而更好地掌握体育舞蹈不同舞种的技术特点,提高专项技能与运动成绩。  相似文献   

6.
In the present study, we tried to determine the association between joint ranges of motion, anatomical anomalies, body structure, dance discipline, and injuries in young female recreational dancers. A group of 1336 non-professional female dancers (age 8-16 years), were screened. The risk factors considered for injuries were: range of motion, body structure, anatomical anomalies, dance technique, and dance discipline. Sixty-one different types of injuries and symptoms were identified and later classified into four major categories: knee injuries, foot or ankle tendinopathy, back injuries, and non-categorized injuries. We found that 569 (42.6%) out of the 1336 screened dancers, were injured.The following factors were found to be associated with injuries (P < 0.05): (a) range of motion (e.g. dancers with hyper hip abduction are more prone to foot or ankle tendinopathies than dancers with hypo range of motion; (b) anatomical anomalies (scoliotic dancers manifested a higher rate of injuries than non-scoliotic dancers); (c) dance technique (dancers with incorrect technique of rolling-in were found to have more injuries than dancers with correct technique); (d) dance discipline (an association between time of practice en pointe and injury was observed); and (e) early age of onset of menarche decreased risk for an injury. No association between body structure and injury was found. Injuries among recreational dancers should not be overlooked, and therefore precautionary steps should be taken to reduce the risk of injury, such as screening for joint range of motion and anatomical anomalies. Certain dance positions (e.g. en pointe) should be practised only when the dancer has already acquired certain physical skills, and these practices should be time controlled.  相似文献   

7.
在拉丁舞学习中往往只注重技术的学习与训练,忽略了呼吸的配合与调节。本研究采用文献资料法,结合笔者参加拉丁舞训练与教学实践经验,阐明呼吸的内涵与机理以及呼吸对拉丁舞练习者运动能力的影响。  相似文献   

8.
结合运动技能学习的相关理论,研究对运动技能学习的结构进行了探究,发现运动技能学习既包含有运动技术和运动技能两个目标要素的目标结构,还包含有动力、操作和知识三个过程要素的过程结构,两者紧密结合共同反映着运动技能学习的本质特征,也就是以学习运动技术,培养运动能力为核心的教学/训练活动,教师/教练是运动技能学习的主导,学生是学习运动技能的主体,在相关过程要素的影响下,主体的认知结构会随着学习策略应用能力的不断提高而不断完善,从而获得个体运动技能的内化与发展。  相似文献   

9.
Background: Developmental theorists suggest that physical activity during early childhood promotes fundamental motor skill (FMS) proficiency; and that differences in FMS proficiency are largely related to children's experiences.

Aim: To examine associations between participation in different types of recreation/leisure and FMS proficiency of boys and girls in their first year of school. We hypothesized that there would be positive associations between FMS proficiency and participation in organized sport, physical activities, and active physical recreation; but not for other types of recreation/leisure.

Method: Participants (n?=?74) were kindergarten children (Mage?=?5y11?m; boys?=?55%). Parents completed the diversity dimension of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) survey. The CAPE measures children's participation in everyday activities outside of mandated school activities in the past four months in five types of formal and informal activities, specifically: Recreational activities, Physical activities, Social activities, Skill-Based activities, and Self-Improvement activities. Two categories of activities were also reported: Organized Sport and Active Physical Recreation. Locomotor and object control skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 and static balance was assessed using a stork stand. Sex-based differences in motor skills and participation were examined using chi-squared analyses. Correlation coefficients were used to examine relationships between motor skills and CAPE sub-domains and categories. Linear regression was used to examine whether the type of activity predicted motor skill proficiency and the reverse.

Results: There were no sex-based differences in locomotor skills; whereas boys' object control skill scores were significantly higher than girls, and girls' stork stand scores were higher than boys'. Although there were no sex-based differences in the more active categories of recreational pastimes; girls participated in significantly more formal and informal dance and the prevalence of participation in team sports was significantly higher for boys. For boys, participation in physical activities predicted both locomotor and object control skill scores, organized sport predicted object control skills, and active recreation predicted stork stand times and object control skill scores. These relationships were not evident among the girls.

Conclusions: These findings illustrate that young children participate in a narrower array of physically active recreational pursuits compared with less active pursuits. There were notable sex-based differences in the relationships between participation and motor skill proficiency. For girls, none of the associations between recreational pastimes and motor skill proficiency were significant. This suggests that the motor proficiency of girls, as assessed in this study, is neither a precursor to, nor an outcome of, participation in active recreational pastimes. Contrastingly, the findings for boys support theory that suggests that physical activity is driving the acquisition of particular types of motor skills. Less active recreational activities were not associated with motor skill levels of boys, whereas each of the more active categories of recreational pastimes (active recreation, physical activities, and organized sport) predicted at least one sub-type of motor skill. It also seems clear from our findings that more light needs to be shed on how to optimally portray young girls' motor skill proficiency; as well as the relationships between their participation and motor skills.  相似文献   

10.
体育舞蹈已走进竞技体育行列,即将成为奥运会的正式比赛项目。虽然我国开展此项活动的时间较短,舞技水平与世界高手相比还有较大差距,但它很适合东方人种开展。经过调查研究,提出了几项对策,以提高我国竞技体育舞蹈水平。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

In the present study, we examined mood changes following dancing. Previous works suggested that contextual factors may influence affective states; it has been shown that changes in mood following competition differ from those following recreational exercise. The study has been conducted in Warsaw, Poland. Mood was assessed before and after dance activity in three groups of ballroom dancers: recreational (n = 32) and competitive (n = 38) dancers doing ordinary training and competitive dancers taking part in a dance competition (n = 35). We observed a moderately positive change in recreational dancers doing ordinary training; they reported higher energetic arousal (EA) and hedonic tone (HT) and lower tense arousal (TA) after dance activity. In comparison dancers taking part in a competition were higher on TA before dancing and felt less pleasure after dancing than recreational and competitive dancers doing ordinary training; HT, TA and EA moderately decreased during competition. In general, the current study suggests that dance can elicit changes in mood; however, situational context has to be taken into consideration when explaining the influence of dance on mood.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

Little is known about the optimal frequency to observe a skilled model, yet this is potentially an important learning variable, and thus was examined in the context of self-controlled learning conditions. Participants chose the schedule in which they interspersed both physical and observational trials of a dance skill. The participants’ choice, however, was governed by an imposed observation frequency (OF) of either 25%, 50%, or 75%. Participants were in one of these OF groups, in addition to another group in which no constraint was put on OF. This last group was predicted to choose an OF of 10%, however, it was determined that they chose a 50% schedule. Consequently, a 10% OF group was added to the experimental protocol. All participants completed a pre-test, followed by an acquisition phase, and then a 24-hr post-test. Physical performance (F(1, 55) = 143.77, p< .001) and cognitive representation (F(1, 55) = 77.68, p< .001) scores both revealed a significant main effect of Test; scores at post-test were higher than those at pre-test. Thus, learning was demonstrated for both measures. No main effect of Group emerged. Consequently, OF varying from 10% to 75%, under self-controlled conditions, were equally beneficial for learning the dance skill.  相似文献   

13.
Using the 5 Ws and 1 H journalistic approach of Beveridge Mackie (2011), we reviewed the observation intervention research that targeted sport skills or daily movement tasks. Through this review, it became apparent that while there is much research that examines observation of a live or video (what), skilled model (who) for enhanced skill learning (why) in laboratory settings (where), there is a need for not only a wider scope of research, but also a deeper one. Following the review of literature, an applied model for the use of observation is advanced. Through this applied model, we propose that practitioners should first assess the observer's characteristics and the task characteristics for which any observation intervention is being created. The practitioner should then gain an understanding of the context and the desired outcomes of the learner and use this advance information to vary the characteristics of: (1) who is observed; (2) what is observed and what instructional features will accompany the intervention; (3) when it is observed; and (4) how the observed information should be delivered. Future research directions are also forwarded with regard to identified gaps in the literature.  相似文献   

14.
试析影响体育舞蹈选手舞蹈技艺的几个非技术性问题   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  
近几年来，我国体育舞蹈选手的技术水平有了较大的提高，但与欧美高水平选手相比，在人素养和舞蹈表现力方面还存在着一定的差距。对如何培养体育舞蹈选手的音乐修养、气质风度、化素养、舞蹈意识等几个非技术性问题进行探讨，旨在帮助舞蹈选手改变观念，提高舞蹈技艺。  相似文献   

15.
赛后恢复,决定着运动员在新一轮竞赛周期的训练和竞赛水平的发挥,同样决定着运动员在赛场的运动成绩。研究中等水平体育舞蹈标准舞运动员赛后恢复现状,针对现状制定恢复方法,为指导中等水平标准舞运动员在赛后恢复中提供科学的恢复方法。该文以北京体育大学艺术学院体育舞蹈专业标准舞运动员为研究对象,得出主要结论:(1)赛后恢复影响着体育舞蹈标准舞运动员在赛后训练的技术与质量。(2)赛后恢复影响着体育舞蹈标准舞运动员在下一场竞赛的水平发挥。建议:(1)中等水平体育舞蹈标准舞运动员在竞赛过后重视赛后恢复。(2)中等水平体育舞蹈标准舞运动员在竞赛过后要双管齐下,进行心理和生理的恢复。  相似文献   

16.
Sports studies is currently dominated by the intellectualist approach to understanding skill and expertise, meaning that questions about the phenomenological nature of skilled performance in sport have generally been overshadowed by the emphasis on the cognitive. By contrast, this article responds to calls for a phenomenology of sporting embodiment by opening up a philosophical exploration of the nature of athletic being-in-the-world. In particular, the paper explores the conceptualisation of immanence and transcendence in relation to the embodied practice of dance, engaging with Merleau-Ponty’s important insight that the body can be a source of transcendence. I also draw on data from in-depth qualitative interviews with professional contemporary dancers to explore dancers’ concepts of ‘being in your body’ and ‘being in the moment’, and to suggest that during the actual embodied practice of dance, dancers do not experience transcendence and immanence as they are conceptualised in philosophy. Rather, I argue, dancers experience a third mode of being that is somehow in-between these two binary terms. I have called this ‘inhabited transcendence’.  相似文献   

17.
大学体育课开设街舞教学的可行性初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
通过在校园开展课外街舞教学,发现学生对这一新兴体育技能的渴求远远超出了预期效果,遂采用问卷调查等形式,通过对在校大学生三个年级的抽样调查及学生学习街舞前后的几项比较,以及学生对健美操类的学习情况调查分析比较,从而掌握了学生对街舞这一体育项目的认识、兴趣、爱好等,并通过各种不同的方法对街舞锻炼的效果作了相应的测试,发现:街舞将在大学体育课中的开设是一种趋势。  相似文献   

18.
This study examined the influence of the challenge level of to-be-learned stimulus on learning strategies in novice and advanced dancers. In Study 1, skill-level appropriate dance routines were developed for novice and advanced jazz dancers. In Study 2, 8 novice and 9 advanced female jazz dancers attempted to learn and remember the two routines in mixed model factorial design, with one between-participants factor: skill level (novice or advanced) and two within-participants factors: routine (easy or difficult) and performance (immediate or delayed). Participants were interviewed regarding the strategies used to learn and remember the routines. Results indicated that advanced performers used atypical learning strategies for insufficiently challenging stimuli, which may reflect characteristics of the stimuli rather than the performer. The qualitative data indicate a clear preference of novice and advanced performers for spatial compatibility of stimuli and response.  相似文献   

19.
Background: In their 2008 paper, Hodkinson, Biesta and James draw on the sociological theories of Pierre Bourdieu to construct what they claim is a ‘holistic’ theoretical framework for understanding learning. While not an attempt to dissolve the long-standing opposition between ‘cognitive’ and ‘situated’ theories, the authors claim that thinking about learning and learners in ‘cultural’ terms via Bourdieu's theories allows us theoretically to integrate individuals and learning contexts. The result, they claim, is a ‘scalable’ theory of learning that overcomes the dualisms – such as structure/agency and individual/society – that dog learning theory. We welcome both Hodkinson et al.’s ideas and overall goal. However, we were struck by the absence of any mention of communications media or digital technology in their theoretical framework. Does this mean that media and digital technology can straightforwardly be mapped onto Hodkinson et al.’s theory? Or is this a serious oversight?

Purpose: Given the large amount of recent theorising about the transformative educational potential of media and digital technology – admittedly much of it speculative and hyperbolic – there appear to be some grounds for troubling some of Hodkinson et al.’s ideas by prioritising the effects of media and digital technology on learning.

Methods: We used two examples of learning in sports, one historical and the other contemporary, to consider the theoretical implications of media and digital technology's role in sports learning. The first explores the ways professional footballers learned to produce displays of emotion during the 1950s and 1960s. Our second example presents data from semi-structured interviews with downhill longboard skateboarders and focuses on how these young people use and think about digital technology as they learn their sport.

Findings: While not rejecting Hodkinson et al.’s preference for Bourdieu's sociological theories, we draw on other theories that do not see the relationship between the ‘individual’ and ‘society’ as their conceptual starting point. To this end, we touch on Actor Network Theory (ANT), ‘connectivism’ and the theoretical work of Deleuze and Guattari in order to at least question whether Bourdieu's ideas are sufficiently flexible or dynamic to account for learning in media- and technology-saturated environments. Most obviously, rather than the individual/society dualism which Hodkinson et al. simultaneously question but also rely on, are there advantages in using ‘flatter’ metaphors such as the ‘network’ to understand learning?

Conclusions: We agree with Hodkinson et al.’s point that theories are tools for thinking with and that their metaphorical power can and should be harnessed to improve the way we teach. It is for this reason that we question Hodkinson et al.’s claim to offer a ‘holistic’ theory of learning. All theories, like metaphors, have real-world limitations and this is why we should always be suspicious of theories that claim to be able to ‘see’ the world from all angles and, perhaps more fundamentally, to dissolve the dualisms that they are built on. Theories are always a partial view from somewhere and just as they help us to see some things, they do so by demanding that we not see others.  相似文献   

20.
The aim of this study was to assess changes in body morphology, anatomical alignment and prevalence of patellofemoral pain (PFP) in young female dancers along one year of pubertal growth, and to identify the risk factors related to PFP in these young dancers. Both legs of 60 dancers were evaluated during grade 7 and again after 1-year. At each of these points in time, the dancers were interviewed concerning their background, and anthropometric measurements, lower-limb physical examinations and knee ultrasound scans were performed. Morphological parameters changed significantly from baseline to follow-up. PFP was found in 53.3% of the dancers’ knees at baseline. At follow-up, 55.4% of the asymptomatic knees at baseline developed PFP, and only 9.4% of the symptomatic knees at baseline recovered. Lower BMI was identified among dancers who developed PFP during follow-up compared with dancers with no PFP, either at baseline or at follow-up. A positive grinding and positive Patellar Inhibition Test (PIT) were found to be risk factors for PFP at follow-up. A high prevalence of young dancers suffered PFP, from injuries they sustained mostly during the 1-year of dance practice. Parameters predisposing the dancers to PFP should be identified at early stages of dance class.  相似文献   

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