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1.
近些年来,大强度间歇训练广泛的应用于大众健身和运动减肥领域。本文采用文献资料法梳理总结了HIIT对肥胖人群的干预效果,得出以下结论:(1)与中等强度持续训练相比,HIIT提高运动效率;增强运动后过量氧耗EPOC;抑制食欲,控制体重方面更具有优势;(2) HIIT与MICT在体重、BMI、Fat%、腰臀比方面具有相似的运动效果,但HIIT能降低内脏脂肪含量,而中低强度持续训练却无此效果;(3) HIIT能改善心肺耐力,显著提高最大摄氧量。  相似文献   

2.
目的:通过总结、梳理HIIT对健康肥胖和运动员青少年身体成分和心肺适能的影响研究,以及HIIT应用于青少年课堂的可行性研究,为后续相关的研究提供依据。方法:在PubMed、web of science、中国知网、万方、维普数据库检索2000年至2021年2月的相关文献,选取13篇文献进行综述。结论:HIIT能够改善青少年的体脂率,肥胖青少年体重和脂肪则更容易被改善,HIIT还能够有效改善青少年的心肺适能;应用于青少年的HIIT干预方案的工息比通常是1:1,运动持续时间从10s-30s不等,内容通常是冲刺跑,负荷监控指标有HRmax和MAS等;青少年对HIIT感到满意,参与HIIT时出勤率也较高,同时,HIIT还能提高青少年的创造力、幸福感和社交能力,因此将其应用于青少年之中具有可行性。  相似文献   

3.
目的：探析高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)对青年女性身体活动(physical activity,PA)和身体成分的影响,并进一步探究HIIT对身体成分的干预效果是否受到PA影响。方法：招募62名非规律运动青年女性,随机分为HIIT组(HIIT,n=30)和对照组(CON,n=32)。HIIT组完成12周,每周3次的训练：训练目标强度为90%HRmax,每次训练中20 s功能性训练和10 s休息为1组,重复8组,共4 min。CON组不参与运动。干预前、后分别进行问卷调查、身体成分、心肺耐力和PA测试。采用配对t检验分析干预前后组内差异,采用混合线性模型分析干预前、后组间差异。对组间差异显著的结果指标构建模型,以HIIT、PA和交互项为固定效应,以个体差异为随机效应。结果：1)与CON组相比,12周干预后HIIT组体脂率和脂肪重量显著改善(P<0.001),其中,脂肪重量效应量中等(Cohen’s d=1.02),体脂率效应量大(Cohen’s d=1.25);而体重、身体质量指数、腰围和去脂体重无...  相似文献   

4.
李抒  曹甍  邹昱  唐玉成 《体育学刊》2023,(4):138-144
为观察并比较12周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)干预对肥胖儿童内脏脂肪和心肺适能的改善作用。60名肥胖儿童(11.0±0.8)岁，男女生各30人随机分为HIIT组，MICT组和CON组。HIIT组进行强度为100%～110%最大有氧速度的高强度间歇训练；MICT组进行强度为70%～80%最大有氧速度的中等强度持续训练。干预前后分别测量受试者的身体成分、内脏脂肪、最大摄氧量、收缩压和舒张压，利用SPSS 22.0软件对测试结果进行统计学分析，采用一般线性模型单变量分析和简单效应模型比较各指标的组内和组间差异，并通过Pearson相关性分析观察各指标变化之间的关系。结果：12周干预后组内比较的结果显示，HIIT和MICT组受试者的BMI和躯干脂肪较干预前显著减少，最大摄氧量显著增加；HIIT组的内脏脂肪面积和MICT组的全身脂肪含量较干预前显著减少；组间比较结果显示，HIIT对最大摄氧量的增加和对内脏脂肪的减少作用显著大于MICT，而MICT对全身脂肪和下肢脂肪的减少作用显著大于HIIT；相关性分析结果显示，内脏脂肪和全身脂肪含量的减少与最大摄氧量的增加呈负相关(...  相似文献   

5.
研究目的:探讨HIIT减肥方法对于肥胖女大学生的应用效果和可靠性。研究方法:60名肥胖女大学生(BMI≥26,且体脂%≥30%)随机分为HIIT组(H)和持续有氧运动组(M)及对照组(C)。受试者进行逐级递增负荷测定VO2max,分别提取85%VO2max、40%～60%VO2max的HR及监测RPE,制定HIIT和持续性有氧运动处方,分别进行每周5次的12周运动训练(实施过程中用Polar表和PRE监控强度,H组运动能量消耗不大于M组),C组保持原有生活状态;实验前、后对受试者进行身体形态和机能指标的测量与对比。结果:实验后受试者体重、BMI、腰臀比、体脂%均呈非常显著性降低(P<0.01);VO2max、LF、SV显著性提高(P<0.05);且H组的体脂%、LF、SV、VO2max、肺活量的变化显著高于C组(P<0.05)。结论:HIIT运动使用较少的时间即可以达到更好的减肥效果,且对于女大学生安全可靠。  相似文献   

6.
目的：对国家残疾人高山滑雪站姿组运动员在备战2022年北京冬残奥会期间进行身体机能监控与评价,分析运动员身体机能状态。方法：在2019—2020年训练备战期间,对残疾人高山滑雪国家队站姿组运动员进行了5次血液测试以及6次尿液测试,对运动员红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞(WBC)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血睾酮(T)、皮质醇(C)、血睾酮与皮质醇比值(T/C)、尿十项、最大摄氧量(VO2max)等生理生化指标进行监控并分析 。结果：运动员RBC、Hb、CK浓度组间不存在差异(P＞0.05)。男性运动员T浓度在组间存在差异(P＜0.05),第3次T浓度显著低于其余4次(P＜0.05);运动员C浓度以及男、女T/C均存在组间差异(P＜0.05),运动员第4次C浓度显著低于其余4次(P＜0.05);男性运动员第4次T/C显著高于其他4次(P＜0.05);女性运动员第4次T/C显著高于第1、第3、第5次(P＜0.05)。尿十项检测中,所有运动员第5次尿蛋白(PRO)呈阳性,第6次测试中有个别运动员尿胆红素(BIL)、尿胆原(URO)呈阳性。 运动员VO2max水平正常,个体间差异较大。结论：国家残疾人高山滑雪站姿组运动员在备战期氧运输功能良好,有氧耐力功能良好;血清T、C以及T/C等指标在训练的不同阶段出现适应性变化,随着训练的进行,运动员的机能状态出现上升的现象。  相似文献   

7.
目的:检验8周CrossFit训练是否对健康成年人最大有氧能力、爆发力、体成分有影响,各指标之间的相关性是否显著。方法:选取14名至少受过CF训练一年以上的男性训练者分别在训练前和训练8周后进行功率自行车递增负荷测试、wattbike 6S峰值功率测试,采集训练者的最大摄氧量(VO 2 max)、体成分、6S峰值功率等相关参数。结果:结果:(1)8周crossFit后,健康成年男子的BMI、最大摄氧量绝对值有显著下降(P<0.05),体脂百分比下降具有极显著性(P<0.01)、最大摄氧量相对值,6S峰值功率均有显著性提高(P<0.01),体重虽然有所下降但是不具有显著性。(2)从皮尔逊相关性得出体重与体成分之间相关性不高,体脂百分比与最大摄氧量相对值(rp=0.94,P<0.01)、最大摄氧量绝对值(rp=0.87,P<0.01)峰值功率(rp=0.89,P<0.01)之间也存在显著性相关。结论:(1)体重与体成分其他指标之间相关性不明显(2)CrossFit可以显着改善健康成年男子的最大摄氧量、无氧峰值功率和身体成分。  相似文献   

8.
目的：比较大强度间歇训练（HIIT）和一般有氧训练（AT）2种训练方法的神经-免疫应答特征差异。方法：以8名一线男子皮艇运动员为研究对象,HIIT和AT各进行2周训练,每周9节训练课,训练量基本保持一致;对两种训练方法前、后的测定指标进行比较。分别在HIIT和AT前、后次日晨6：30安静状态下进行仰卧位短时程5 min心率变异性测试,并在测试结束即刻空腹安静状态下取肘静脉血,用于测量淋巴细胞亚群和血浆儿茶酚胺。结果：2周训练后,AT组和HIIT组心率变异性（HRV）时域指标R-R间期标准差（SDNN）、相邻R-R间期差值均方根（RMSSD）、相邻间期的差值标准差（SDSD）和频域指标总功率（TP）、高频功率（HF）、低频功率（LF）均有不同幅度变化,但均无统计学意义,且AT组和HIIT组间无交互效应;AT组T%、CD8+%和HIIT组B%、CD4+%、CD4+/CD8+均有显著差异,且AT组和HIIT组间B%、CD4+%、CD8+%和CD4+/CD8+有显著交互效应;AT组和HIIT组ADR、NE有不同幅度变化,但均无统计学差异;AT组和HIIT组间NE有显著交互效应。结论：与AT相比,HIIT对免疫系统产生影响更大,但两者对神经系统影响均较小。在竞技体育训练过程中,运动员进行HIIT后,建议及时通过饮食、营养品等手段进行干预,避免运动员出现免疫功能下降的现象。  相似文献   

9.
《体育师友》2021,(4):40-42
研究目的:通过研究HIIT训练与中等强度训练这两种不同强度类型的运动模式对大学生心肺能力的改善情况,为大学生选择改善心肺能力的训练方法提供理论参考。研究方法:以南京体育学院运动健康科学系20名健康大学生(10名男生10名女生)为研究对象,将其随机平均分成甲乙两组(每组5名男生5名女生),甲组采用HIIT训练模式,乙组采用中等强度训练模式,使用MONARK Ergomedic 839E功率自行车为运动工具、K4B2遥测运动心肺仪作为测量工具,甲乙两组按照对应的训练强度进行测试。研究结果:6周训练后HIIT训练组的VO_2 max整体提升了10.8%,中等强度训练组的VO_2 max整体提升了20.6%; HIIT训练组的肺活量整体提升了13.6%,中等强度训练组的肺活量整体提升了5.4%; HIIT训练组的肺活量整体提升了23.5%;中等强度训练组的肺活量整体提升了10.9%。结论:在提升心肺能力方面,选用HIIT训练和中等强度训练两种运动模式,均有效果,但是HIIT训练对心肺能力整体的提升效果优于传统中等强度训练。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨8周高强度间歇训练(High Intensity Interval Training,HIIT)对男子赛艇公开级运动员血红蛋白和身体成分的影响。方法某省16名男子赛艇公开级运动员作为研究对象,采取随机抽样的方式分成对照组和高强度间歇组(HIIT组),每组各8例。连续8周对照组采用一般日常训练,HIIT组增加高强度间歇训练。比较训练前后两组血红蛋白和身体成分指标变化情况。结果 HIIT组8名队员训练前后血红蛋白水平有显著提高(P<0.05),对照组不显著(P>0.05);体重和脂肪百分比含量下降,对照组显著(p<0.05),HIIT组极显著(p<0.01);而瘦体重和去脂体重,HIIT组有显著增加(p<0.05),对照组变化不明显(p>0.05)。结论 8周HIIT训练能明显提高赛艇男子公开级运动员血红蛋白水平,并显著降低体脂,增加瘦体重和去脂体重。  相似文献   

11.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of prediction equations for estimating maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) based on the PACER test and different adiposity indicators in Mexican youth. A convenience sample of youth aged 9–18 years from schools in Mexico City was recruited. VO2peak was evaluated with a laboratory exercise test on a treadmill and using a gas analyser and with the 20-m PACER test guidelines. The sample was randomly divided to develop new equations (n = 220) and to evaluate their validity (n = 106). Prediction equations of VO2peak were developed using multiple linear regression models. The adiposity indicators were BMI, waist circumference and body fat. The validity of the new and previously published equations was evaluated based on linear regression models, intra-class coefficient, Akaike’s information criterion, mean absolute percentage error and Bland-Altman graphs. Equations with waist circumference and body fat performed better than those with BMI and without any anthropometric indicator. The accuracy of the developed equations (R2 = 57.0%–59.50%) was higher than that of previously published equations (R2 = 24.1%–56.0%). The new equations had lower bias in estimating VO2peak. In Mexican youth, the estimation of VO2peak from the 20-m PACER test is more accurate after including waist circumference or body fat than with BMI.  相似文献   

12.
BackgroundHigh-intensity interval training (HIIT) induces similar or even superior adaptations compared to continuous endurance training. Indeed, just 6 HIIT sessions over 2 weeks significantly improves maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), submaximal exercise fat oxidation, and endurance performance. Whether even faster adaptations can be achieved with HIIT is not known. Thus, we aimed to determine whether 2 sessions of HIIT per day, separated by 3 h, every other day for 5 days (double HIIT (HIIT-D), n = 15) could increase VO2max, submaximal exercise fat oxidation, and endurance capacity as effectively as 6 sessions of HIIT over 2 weeks (single HIIT (HIIT-S), n = 13).MethodsEach training session consisted of 10 × 60 s of cycling at 100% of VO2max interspersed with 75 s of low-intensity cycling at 60 watt (W). Pre- and post-training assessments included VO2max, time to exhaustion at ∼80% of VO2max, and 60-min cycling trials at ∼67% of VO2max.ResultsSimilar increases (p < 0.05) in VO2max (HIIT-D: 7.7% vs. HIIT-S: 6.0%, p > 0.05) and endurance capacity (HIIT-D: 80.1% vs. HIIT-S: 79.2%, p > 0.05) were observed. Submaximal exercise carbohydrate oxidation was reduced in the 2 groups after exercise training (HIIT-D: 9.2%, p = 0.014 vs. HIIT-S: 18.8%, p = 0.012) while submaximal exercise fat oxidation was significantly increased in HIIT-D (15.5%, p = 0.048) but not in HIIT-S (9.3%, p = 0.290).ConclusionSix HIIT sessions over 5 days was as effective in increasing VO2max and endurance capacity and was more effective in improving submaximal exercise fat oxidation than 6 HIIT sessions over 2 weeks.  相似文献   

13.
This study compared the effects of 12-week sprint interval training (SIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (V?O2peak), body mass and insulin sensitivity in overweight females. Forty-two overweight women (age 21.2 ± 1.4 years, BMI 26.3 ± 2.5 kg·m?2) were randomized to the groups of SIT (80 × 6-s sprints + 9-s rest), and isoenergetic (300KJ) HIIT (~9 × 4-min cycling at 90% V?O2peak + 3-min rest) and MICT (cycling at 60% V?O2peak for ~ 61-min). Training intervention was performed 3 d·week?1 for 12 weeks. After intervention, all three groups induced the same improvement in V?O2peak (~ +25%, p < 0.001) and a similar reduction in body mass (~ – 5%, p < 0.001). Insulin sensitivity and fasting insulin levels were improved significantly on post-training measures in SIT and HIIT by ~26% and ~39% (p < 0.01), respectively, but remain unchanged in MICT. In contrast, fasting glucose levels were only reduced with MICT (p < 0.01). The three training strategies are equally effective in improving V?O2peak and reducing body mass, however, the SIT is time-efficient. High-intensity training (i.e. SIT and HIIT) seems to be more beneficial than MICT in improving insulin sensitivity.

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; HIEG: hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic glucose; HIIT: high-intensity interval training; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HR: heart rate; MICT: moderate-intensity continuous training; RPE: ratings of perceived exertion; SIT: sprint interval training; T2D: type 2 diabetes; V?O2peak: peak oxygen consumption  相似文献   


14.
ABSTRACT

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient exercise protocol to improve metabolic health, but direct comparisons with higher-volume moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) under unsupervised settings are limited. This study compared low-volume HIIT and higher-volume MICT interventions on cardiometabolic and psychological responses in overweight/obese middle-aged men. Twenty-four participants (age: 48.1±5.2yr; BMI: 25.8±2.3kg·m?2) were randomly assigned to undertake either HIIT (10 X 1-min bouts of running at 80–90% HRmax separated by 1-min active recovery) or MICT (50-min continuous jogging/brisk walking at 65–70% HRmax) for 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (2-week supervised + 6-week unsupervised training). Both groups showed similar cardiovascular fitness (VO2max) improvement (HIIT: 32.5±5.6 to 36.0±6.2; MICT: 34.3±6.0 to 38.2±5.1mL kg?1 min?1, p < 0.05) and %fat loss (HIIT: 24.5±3.4 to 23.2±3.5%; MICT: 23.0±4.3 to 21.5±4.1%, p< 0.05) over the 8-week intervention. Compared to baseline, MICT significantly decreased weight and waist circumference. No significant group differences were observed for blood pressure and cardiometabolic blood markers such as lipid profiles, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Both groups showed similar enjoyment levels and high unsupervised adherence rates (>90%). Our findings suggest that low-volume HIIT can elicit a similar improvement of cardiovascular fitness as traditional higher-volume MICT in overweight/obese middle-aged men.  相似文献   

15.
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can be performed with different effort to rest time-configurations, and this can largely influence training responses. The purpose of the study was to compare the acute physiological responses of two HIIT and one moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol in young men. A randomised cross-over study with 10 men [age, 28.3?±?5.5years; weight, 77.3?±?9.3?kg; height, 1.8?±?0.1?m; peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), 44?±?11?mL.kg?1.min?1]. Participants performed a cardiorespiratory test on a treadmill to assess VO2peak, velocity associated with VO2peak (vVO2peak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and perceived exertion (RPE). Then participants performed three protocols equated by distance: Short HIIT (29 bouts of 30s at vVO2peak, interspersed by 30s of passive recovery, 29?min in total), Long HIIT (3 bouts of 4?min at 90% of vVO2peak, interspersed by 3?min of recovery at 60% of vVO2peak, 21?min in total) and MICT (21?min at 70% of vVO2peak). The protocols were performed in a randomised order with ≥48 h between them. VO2, HRpeak and RPE were compared. VO2peak in Long HIIT was significantly higher than Short HIIT and MICT (43?±?11 vs 32?±?8 and 37?±?8?mL.kg?1.min?1, respectively, P?P?P?2, HR and RPE than Short HIIT and MICT, suggesting a higher demand on the cardiorespiratory system. Short HIIT and MICT presented similar physiologic and perceptual responses, despite Short HIIT being performed at higher velocities.  相似文献   

16.
The accumulation of bone mass during puberty is related with bone health in adulthood. This accumulation is influenced by diverse factors such as body mass index (BMI), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), hours of training and years of sport practice. For this reason, the objective of this study is to analyse the influence of these variables on bone mass in young female athletes. The sample is formed of 120 healthy girls with ages between 9 and 13 (11.32?±?1.6?years old), divided into two groups depending on their BMI, VO2 max, hours of training and years of sport practice. The participants completed a series of tests to evaluate level of sexual development, body composition (fat mass, lean mass and bone mass) and physical condition. The results show higher values of total lean mass, total fat mass and percentage of body fat in the groups with higher BMI in prepubertal girls and pubertal girls (p?2 max, in the prepubertal group, girls with lower VO2 max had higher values of total fat mass (p?p?2 max also showed a higher total fat mass (p?相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) utilizing a canoeing ergometer on endurance determinants, as well as aerobic and anaerobic performances among flat-water canoeists. Fourteen well-trained male flat-water canoeists were divided into an HIIT group or an MICT group. All subjects performed a continuous graded exercise test (GXT) and three fixed-distance (200, 500, and 1000?m) performance tests on a canoeing ergometer to determine canoeing economy, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and power at VO2peak, and to calculate the critical velocity (CV) and anaerobic work capacity before and after the training programmes. The training programme involved training on a canoeing ergometer three times per week for four weeks. HIIT consisted of seven 2 min canoeing bouts at an intensity of 90% VO2peak separated by 1 min of rest. The MICT group was trained at an intensity of 65% VO2peak continuously for 20 min. After four weeks of training, performance in the 200-m distance test and the power at VO2peak significantly improved in the HIIT group; performance in the 500?m and 1000?m distances and CV significantly improved in the MICT group. However, all variables were not significantly different between groups. It is concluded that HIIT for four weeks is an effective training strategy for improvement of short-distance canoeing performance. In contrast, MICT improves middle-distance canoeing performances and aerobic capacity.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study aims to analyze changes in Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), lung function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood pressure, in 10 healthy active elderly women, following 7 weeks of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) combined with a multicomponent training program (MCTP). The association among these health parameters, their changes after training (deltas), and the influence of MIP at baseline (MIPpre) are also considered. Methods: IMT involved 30 inspirations at 50% of the MIP, twice daily, 7 days a week, while MCTP was 1 hr, twice a week. MIP, lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, PEF), 6MWT, and blood pressure (SBP, DBP), jointly with body composition, were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Seven weeks were enough to improved MIP (p = .019; d = 1.397), 6MWT (p = .012; d = .832), SBP (p = .003; d = 1.035) and DBP (p = .024; d = .848). Despite the high physical fitness (VO2 peak: M = 23.38, SD = 3.39 ml·min·Kg?1), MIPpre was low (M = 39.00, SD = 7.63 cmH2O) and displayed a significant negative correlation with ΔMIPpre-post (r = ?.821; p < .004), showing that women who started the intervention with lower MIP achieved higher improvements in inspiratory muscle strength after training. Conclusions: No significant changes in spirometric parameters may signal that lung function is independent of early improvements in inspiratory muscles and cardiorespiratory fitness. Absence of correlation between physical fitness and respiratory outcomes suggests that being fit does not ensure cardiorespiratory health in active elderly women, so IMT might be beneficial and should supplement the MCTP in this population.  相似文献   

19.
BackgroundIt remains unclear whether studies comparing maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) response to sprint interval training (SIT) vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO2max between SIT and MICT.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases: AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. Studies were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised, lasted less than 2 weeks, or utilized mixed exercise modalities. We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSORT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality, respectively.ResultsTwenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons (3 studies included 2 SIT groups) were included in our meta-analysis (n = 360 SIT participants: body mass index (BMI) = 25.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2, baseline VO2max = 37.9 ± 8.0 mL/kg/min; n = 359 MICT participants: BMI = 25.5 ± 3.8 kg/m2, baseline VO2max = 38.3 ± 8.0 mL/kg/min; all mean ± SD). All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting quality.ConclusionAlthough we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MICT for improving VO2max (weighted Hedge's g = ?0.004, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): ?0.08 to 0.07), the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into question. Future studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MICT result in similar changes in VO2max.  相似文献   

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