共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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《Critical Studies in Education》2013,54(3):231-246
The application of market principles to educational provision continues to attract governments across the globe, despite an international body of literature suggesting that marketisation can exacerbate inequalities. In light of a renewed policy push in Australia towards accountability via a market model, this paper analyses the impact of existing school choice policies in the state of Victoria, with particular reference to educational provision in an area of social disadvantage in Melbourne's north. This analysis challenges the claims of the now normalised market model, but also points to the need to expand research into this theme, which has attracted relatively little critical attention in Australia. I argue that both the operation of existing policies and the direction of new proposals imply an uneven system of accountability which applies different standards to increasingly polarised ‘closed’ and ‘open’ schooling sectors. 相似文献
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Stan van Alphen 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(6):543-560
The average quality of available educational resources varies significantly across Europe. This not only affects school success and failure but also subsequent labour market outcomes. The main research question in this paper is to what extent this compositional variation among early school leavers (ESLrs) in particular can account for the cross-national variation of their income disadvantage relative to higher educated individuals. Findings from 3 consecutive years of cross-sectional data (EU Statistics on Income & Living Conditions [EU-SILC], 2005–2007) show that, controlling for the influence of other important country-level indicators, both educational expenditure and a country's mean PISA achievement test score interact with the effect of early school leaving on gross personal income. The income disadvantage of ESLrs is smaller in countries where the average quality of available educational resources is higher. Furthermore, this also applies to educational resources currently available to ESLrs, with the prevalence of lifelong learning yielding the same moderating effect on the income disadvantage of ESLrs. 相似文献
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游戏与学习研究新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着计算机游戏在图形、复杂性、交互和描述等方面越来越复杂,多种类型的游戏已经在市场上占有重要地位,计算机游戏正成为文化的一部分。游戏与学习的关系成为越来越多的研究者关注的重点。本研究综述的目的是提供关于计算机游戏产业、市场和文化等现状的一个概述;对游戏与教育相关性研究的主要进展提供概览,并对该领域的相关文献进行概述;为教育研究共同体和游戏开发商等就如何在学习资源设计中使用游戏技术进行交流提供基础;为教育共同体在教育环境中使用数字游戏的讨论提供基础。同时本研究还以恰如其分的语气承认,在现有的教育体制和学习模式下,应用游戏的一些障碍和挑战。不仅如此,在这篇研究综述中,作者还为设计者、研究者和政策制定者提出了如何将游戏的一些本质特点融入学习资源和学习环境设计中的一些方法,而不仅仅是像今天教育游戏给学生提供的似乎像糖衣的"趣味性",只是使学生完全沉浸其中。 相似文献
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Henry M. Levin 《The Urban Review》1968,2(7):32-37
A Summary The replacement of the existing system of publicly operated schools by a market of private ones-supported by government vouchers—would probably yield mixed results. On the one hand, some parents would have greater choices among schools and some schools would have to be productive in order to survive in the competitive framework. The increase in consumer choice and the resultant competition among schools would be likely to lead to greater educational benefits for many students and their families (private benefits) than those which they receive under the present monopolistic system.On the other hand, the schools are also expected to fulfill certain social functions. It is in these that a market approach to schooling is likely to yield poor results. For example, basic schooling represents the primary device for equalizing opportunities among racial and social groups. Yet, advantaged children would probably receive far better schooling under the market proposal than would disadvantaged ones, and it is likely that this disparity would lead to larger future inequalities in opportunity between the children of the middle class and those of the poor. Further, it is not clear that a set of largely autonomous schools could provide the common set of values and knowledge necessary for the functioning of a democratic society. Finally, it is likely that the market proposal would increase racial and social stratification of students among schools. Whatever the success of the market in meeting consumer preferences, it would be offset by the market's failure to satisfy the social goals of basic schooling.Fortunately, we are not limited to choosing between the traditional educational bureaucracy on the one hand or an unmitigated free market for educational services on the other. There are several ways to create competition within a public school system. Jencks, Sizer, and Coleman have suggested particular plans based upon the competitive framework, and the proposal for community schools represents a more general framework in which the competition of the market place might be used to advantage. The time is ripe to experiment with at least one of these plans for the children of the ghetto. Do we have any buyers?
Henry M. Levin
is a research associate with the Economic Studies Division of the Brookings Institute. He has written on economic and educational matters in the Saturday Review, the Journal of Human Resources,and other publications. He is currently organizing a Brookings conference on the community school. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Ingrid Gogolin 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(3):407-431
This article contains a review of recent research on the topic of language development in an educational research perspective. The contribution is focussed on research which was carried out in the German education system. The starting point of such research was the insight that mastery of a language is of core importance for educational success as well as for participation in a society. The research which is presented in this review article strives to identify factors that are relevant for the development of different language abilities during an education biography. The article starts with an overview of international and national research traditions which build the ground for the investigation of language development in an educational research perspective. A second part of the article deals with research projects that aimed to unveil factors which are influential for differential language development during a school career. In the third part of the article, an outlook on recent research is presented which deals with the question how language development can be fostered and supported by educational institutions. In Germany, such projects are just beginning. They mainly derive from the evaluation of model projects or other practical experiments; only very few experimental intervention studies have been carried out. 相似文献
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为摆脱理论理性的缺陷,冲出结构主义的语言牢笼,布迪厄开始关注语言与符号权力间的亲密关系,将语言分析还原到具体生动的生活实践中,使语言规则与语言实践耦合,建构了独特的实践语言学理论———语言交换市场理论。布迪厄的语言交换市场理论对于教育交往史研究具有重要的启示和借鉴价值:重视对教育交往中话语的还原与解读,重视对教育交往中实践者的标示与体认,重视对教育交往语言市场的塑造。此外,教育交往史在研究焦点上,应着眼“语言的符号权力”与“符号权力下的语言”,在研究视角上,应聚焦“语言市场中的教育交往”与“教育交往背后的语言市场”,在研究方法上,应创造性应用“参与性对象化”与“对应分析法”。 相似文献
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《Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION》2013,23(1):63-72
ABSTRACT In response to this unprecedented growth, higher education is finally recognizing the contribution of the adult learner. Previous research has explored what the “nontraditional” student values in an education. While our knowledge base regarding the nontraditional learner continues to expand, relatively little research has been conducted on an important segment of this market-nontraditional women. As such, the nontraditional woman represents an important target market for colleges and universities. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to better understand the unique educational needs of the nontraditional woman. A convenience sample of 197 non-traditional women and men from a mid-western university participated in the study. Perhaps the most interesting finding to emerge from the present study (from a marketing perspective) is the notion of three distinct market segments of non-traditional women. Implications for higher education administrators are discussed. 相似文献
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Leonie Rowan 《Studies in Continuing Education》2013,35(2):124-142
Educators in all fields are under increasing pressure to demonstrate their familiarity with issues concerning gender equity, specifically in terms of how and what they choose to teach. In some cases this pressure is driven by an identification of economic or market advantages that are associated with a willingness and ability to respond to ‘women's’ perceived needs. In other cases, it is a more philosophical commitment to the ideas which underpin feminist projects that sparks off educational reform. Both positions are frequently accompanied by a consciousness that there is some ‘legitimate’ way in which to perform an equity agenda that is automatically and unproblematically better than other ways. This sensitivity to the perceived existence of ‘a’ feminist orthodoxy serves to paralyse many educational reform projects even before they begin. In this paper I respond to this context by exploring some of the territory associated with gender and educational practice, without attempting to suggest a final, fixed and valid interpretation of that territory or the destinations to which it can lead. To this end, the paper has three principal goals: first, to provide an overview of some of the factors which have often generated the desire for a gender inclusive educational environment; second, to chart some common responses to this desire; and third, to explore some significant obstacles encountered by people in their own attempts to generate change. My aim throughout this paper is to highlight the need for feminist and pro‐feminist educators to recognise the multiple ways in which feminist consciousness can inform pedagogical practice. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Development》1998,18(3):255-267
This paper examines the ways in which the flourishing of the market economy has affected educational development in mainland China. Unlike the Mao era when educational development was entirely directed by the central government, there has been a strong trend of diversification and decentralization of education in the post-Mao period. In recent years, private schools and colleges have become more popular on the mainland, the development of which inevitably challenges the conventional public and private boundary. The principal goal of this paper is to examine how China's education has gone through a process of `marketization'. Based upon our field research conducted in mainland China, we argue that China's educational development has been significantly affected by emerging market forces. The core of the paper is confined to the discussion of four major issues: the emergence of private education, user charges and cost recovery in education, as well as the design of courses and curricula to meet emerging market needs in China. The main focus of this paper is thus concentrated on what strategies educational institutions have employed in response to the strong tide of marketization. 相似文献
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Eifred Markussen 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2017,16(1):27-42
In this article we examine the relationship between educational level and position in the labour market at age 25 for those who have completed upper secondary education or lower as their highest educational level. Whilst completion of upper secondary education is widely regarded as being important, we find that early and lasting work experience can compensate for non-completion. On the other hand, having received public welfare support decreases one’s chances of being in the labour market. Our conclusion is that educational attainment matters: it is important to complete upper secondary education for successful transition into the labour market, but if you do not complete, every step on the ladder to completion counts. 相似文献
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Richard Smith 《Educational theory》2015,65(6):739-754
It is one sign of the lack of understanding of the value of the humanities, to educational research and inquiry as well as to our world more widely, that such justifications of them as are offered frequently take a crudely instrumental form. The humanities (which in this essay are not distinguished from the arts) are welcomed insofar as they are beneficial to the economy, for example, or play a therapeutic role in people's physical or mental well‐being. In higher education in the UK, they are marginalized for similar reasons, on the grounds that they neither appeal to the lucrative overseas student market nor constitute a significant source of grant income from research councils, industry, or other funding sources. While their place in educational research is still defended in many quarters, the increasing demand that research should have “impact” can leave the humanities appearing ineffectual. Furthermore, the very idea of research is widely taken to mandate empiricist and “scientific” approaches. Although there are no easy solutions to this state of things, Richard Smith argues in this essay that those of us who value the humanities in and for themselves might adopt two approaches in particular: to pursue vigilant criticism of the rampant instrumentalism and scientism of our time, and to emphasize the importance of that distinctive feature of humane inquiry: interpretation. 相似文献
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Transformations in educational research structures in the United States and UK over the past decade are examined, and it is argued that these changes are manifestations of wider forces. Rather than internal developments in the field, they are better understood as serving the changing interests of the state in an era of increasingly globalized capital. The argument that the imposed changes improve the quality of educational research is shown to be inconclusive. It is suggested that these structural transformations can be seen as an attempt to promote market managerialism in educational research for political ends. 相似文献
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Wendelin Reich 《Educational theory》2007,57(2):187-197
A bstract . Contemporary philosophical and political theories place high hopes on the concept of deliberative democracy. Within educational research, there seems to be widespread agreement that if students are to be educated for deliberative democracy, actual classroom deliberation constitutes an indispensable educational tool. From the standpoint of sociology and social psychology, this assumption seems plausible but unnecessarily vague. In this essay, Wendelin Reich suggests a comprehensive list of educational aims that may be associated with deliberation before reviewing research on the concept of communicative interaction in order to evaluate how deliberation, seen as a specific form of communicative interaction, could live up to its educational aims. From this evaluation Reich deduces that the aims stand in complex and sometimes even contradictory relation to the means for achieving them and to each other. Reich concludes that more empirical research is needed to determine in which forms and contexts deliberation can best contribute to fulfilling the goal of educating democratic citizens. 相似文献
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Paul Smeyers 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2016,50(1):62-75
For a decade or so there has been a new ‘hype’ in educational research: it is called educational neuroscience or even neuroeducation (and neuroethics)—there are numerous publications, special journals, and an abundance of research projects together with the advertisement of many positions at renowned research centres worldwide. After a brief introduction of what is going on in the ‘emerging sub‐discipline’, a number of characterisations are offered of what is envisaged by authors working in this field. In the discussion that follows various problems are listed: the assumption that ‘visual proof’ of brain activity is supposedly given; the correlational nature of this kind of research; the nature of the concepts that are used; the lack of addressing and possibly influencing the neurological mechanism; and finally the need for other insights in educational contexts. Following Bakhurst and others, a number of crucially relevant philosophical issues are highlighted. It is argued that though there are cases where neuroscience insights may be helpful, these are scarce. In general, it is concluded, not a lot may be expected from this discipline for education and educational research. A reminder is offered that the promise of neurophilia may be just another neuromyth, which needs to be addressed by philosophy and education. 相似文献
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Kate Reynolds 《Gender and education》1992,4(3):289-300
The introduction of the 1988 Education Reform Act in Britain marks the beginning of the most substantial changes to the system of State education since the 1944 Education Act. Many have argued that the rationale for these changes rests on the introduction of the principles of ‘market forces’ and represents an attempt to create an internal and external educational market. Already some research has begun to examine the ideology behind some of the measures introduced by the Act such as the National Curriculum and the likely effects of the testing and assessment which accompanies it on issues of ‘race’, gender and class. However, as yet, little work has focused on another measure introduced by the Act which threatens ‘equal opportunities’, that is local management of schools (LMS). It is my argument that central to all these measures is an ideology that sees education as performing a certain function, State schools as certain types of institutions and teachers and pupils as certain types of people. Indeed, just as it is often argued that the National Curriculum rests on an assumption of a specific type of educational knowledge and a certain type of educational practice, so it is my contention that local management assumes a specific model of pupil, school, governor, teacher and parent. Both the ideology behind the 1988 Education Reform Act and the measures flowing from it seek to create a market in education. It is this tenet in the recent reforms which theatens the continuance of ‘equal opportunities’. The creation of this educational market aims to replace the notions of quality of opportunity which in one form or another have represented the British post‐war educational consensus with the rhetoric of choice, standards and differentiation which have been the hallmark of British domestic social policy since 1979. 相似文献
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Chris Taylor 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(3):197-214
While not providing a social class analysis of market competition this paper aims to build upon such work by introducing other factors that appear to be present in the education market place. In this paper market competition is considered along two broad dimensions. The first examines educational markets as spatial phenomenon. In the second an empirical study of competition and markets in action is undertaken based on one year's transfer of pupils to secondary schools across six LEAs, each with different geographies. The study proposes three key ways in which competition between schools can be classified. It also suggests that the education market place is, generally, hierarchical, and that the position of schools within these hierarchies is largely associated with their relative examination performances. The paper concludes by suggesting that the concept and the subsequent identification of the ‘local’ markets is necessary before addressing issues such as the impact on school rolls and potential social segregation of intakes. 相似文献
18.
我国目前教育产业化的制约因素在于教育排斥市场机制,教育市场的发育滞后和劳动力市场不成熟,要顺利地实施教育产业化,就要切实创造条件把市场机制引入教育领域,并通过各种措施建立教育市场和完善劳动力市场,以此推进教育产业化。 相似文献
19.
中国教育如何应对WTO的挑战 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
劳凯声 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,(2):86-96
加入WTO之后,我国教育面临着挑战和机会.面对WTO的挑战,我们必须寻找和发展中国教育的比较优势,使中国教育变被动为主动;必须重新审视教育的性质,建立政府、市场和学校三者关系的新格局,改变以往那种封闭的、与市场无涉的学校体系,使市场力量能够介入教育领域,提供一种可选择的教育服务;必须以市场的精神改造中国的教育,并从"用户第一主义"、新教育消费观和新教师观三个方面来改造我国的教育机制. 相似文献
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中外合作开办高等教育课程的政策与现状分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中外合作办学已经成为我国教育事业的一个组成部分。然而,我国高等教育领域中的中外合作办学现状如何呢?这是国内外教育机构都十分关注的话题。本首先介绍了我国中外合作办学的管理和条例,这些规定也适用于香港、澳门和台湾;进而以国内25所高校与境外147个教育机构的116项合作办学项目为例,概括了中外合作办学的五种形式：境外课程、境外资历;双方课程、境外资历;双方课程、双方资历;境外课程、境外资历、国内证明书;双方课程、国内资历、境外证明书,并对每一种形式的教学方式进行举例说明;最后,作综合讨论了三个相关主题：优质的境外远程教育学历课程进入内地市场的挑战;未来教育的新模式对中外合作办学形式的挑战;香港高校与内地合作办学的独特优势。 相似文献