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α-溴代富马酸二甲酯（α—BrDMF）的合成分为两步：以冰乙酸为溶剂,富马酸二甲酯（DMF）与溴发生亲电加成反应生成富马酸二甲酯二溴化物（α—BrDMF）;d—BrDMF与氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液共热,发生消除反应可得α—BrDMF。在单因素实验的基础上通过正交实验对反应条件进行了优化,得到最佳反应条件。加成反应最佳工艺条件为：当DMF与溴的摩尔比为1：1．1,在4℃下反应10h,产率为70．6％。消除反应最佳工艺条件为：反应物料摩尔比为1：1,在60℃下反应2．5h,可得灰白色固体α—BrDMF。皮肤过敏性测试表明α—BrDMF无明显致敏性。 相似文献
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磷钨杂多酸催化合成富马酸二甲酯 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
研究了以磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,以马来酸酐和甲醇为原料合成富马酸二甲酯.反应的最佳条件是:马来酸酐和甲醇的物质的量比为1∶6,催化剂用量为马来酸酐质量的8%,反应时间6h,产率达91.7%. 相似文献
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《吕梁高等专科学校学报》2007,(4)
第一期植物基因工程中目的基因的转化方法………冉翠香(3)化学二氧化锰的研究进展……………………苏侯香(7)富马酸二甲酯的合成及其市场开发前景………高翠英(9)人口规划的Leslie矩阵方法分析…………………………………刘昌辉,杜秀平,谭虎(12)蛹虫草优质高产栽培技术………… 相似文献
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题1 (2004年上海高考题)从石油裂解中得到的1，3-丁二烯可进行以下多步反应，得到重要的合成橡胶和杀菌剂富马酸二甲酯． 相似文献
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富马酸二甲酯合成方法的改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道两种制备富马酸酸二甲酯的顺酐法和富马酸法。应用不同酸性催化剂及除水剂无水硫酸钙,酯收率高（975）,纯度好（＞99％）,反应时间短（4－5小时）。 产品结构经UVIR测定与文献完全一致。 相似文献
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对甲苯磺酸催化-氧化钙脱水法合成富马酸二甲酯 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
胡浩斌 《宁夏师范学院学报》2002,23(6):12-15
在对甲苯磺酸催化作用下，用氧化钙作脱水剂，采用索氏提取器来合成富马酸二甲酯（DMF），酯化反应仅需3h，收率可达到92%-93%，纯度在97％以上，同时探讨了影响酯化率的各种因素，确定了反应的最佳条件。 相似文献
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Yu-mei Wei Wei-li Tian Ying-yue Zheng Qing-yu Zhang Lei Jiang Zu-cheng Wu 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2011,12(5):374-389
A method to model small-scale ambient concentrations of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in a synthetic leather industrial zone
was developed. Longwan, a district of Wenzhou City in Southeast China, was selected as the study area. DMF emissions at the
synthetic leather industrial zone were inventoried, during 2007, and an AMS/EPA regulatory model (AERMOD) was used to simulate
DMF concentrations using 10 000 100 m×100 m grids for the 2006 period. In 2007, actual DMF concentrations were recorded at
seven DMF monitoring stations, and were compared with simulated results for the same timeframe. Simulated DMF concentrations
were predicted to be in the range of 0.012–2.31 mg/m3, which is similar to the range of the monitored dataset results. A large majority (93%) of relative errors (REs) between
simulated and monitored concentrations ranged from 0.48% to 189.4%. While DMF emissions within factories did not exceed the
regulated emission limit, simulations indicated that, in 2006, 20% of the daily average ambient DMF concentrations exceeded
this limit. This Modelling method could be applied in evaluating regional atmospheric environmental capacities and human exposure
to DMF. 相似文献
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Yu-mei Wei Wei-li Tian Qing-yu Zhang Ying-yue Zheng Yi-ke Yang Zu-cheng Wu Qi Zhu Lei Zhou Si-mai Fang 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2011,12(10):794-806
Population exposure to pollutants is important for studies on the exposure-response relationship. However, it is difficult
to evaluate population exposure to non-conventional pollutants due to limited data on concentration levels and the movement
patterns of inhabitants. In this study, an air dispersion model was used to simulate N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) concentrations,
as a proxy to monitoring concentrations. A total of 1289 randomly selected household representatives were surveyed to obtain
information on movement characteristics. Subsequently, population movement patterns were combined with DMF concentration levels
on maps of 100 m×100 m resolution to calculate population exposure. During 2008, the estimated population exposure to DMF
ranged from 0.002 to 0.64 mg/m3. The highest level of population exposure to DMF was found in the north and northwest sub-districts of the study area, ranging
from 0.42 to 0.64 mg/m3. The population exposure to DMF for different occupational groups indicated that retired people and farmers were vulnerable
subpopulations among people highly exposed to DMF. This was mainly because they spent most time at home where the DMF concentration
was high. As pollutant concentrations were divided into small grids, we found that exposure levels were substantially impacted
by population movement characteristics. 相似文献
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DMF与CHCl_3混合液精馏分离工艺的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用模拟的二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)与三氯甲烷(CHCl3)混合液(DMF质量分数为47%),通过精馏塔进行分离。当进料量为2L·h-1时,得出最佳的操作条件如下:进料状态为泡点进料,加料位置为第七块塔板进料,回流比为4。最终结果为:理论塔板数为4.5块,塔板效率为37.5%,塔顶产品DMF质量分数低于0.01%,塔底产品DMF质量分数达到96.03%。该新方法与传统的直接精馏法相比既能减少精馏能耗,又能回收利用DMF,还可使萃取剂CHCl3重复使用,对环境友好不造成污染。 相似文献
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《天津大学学报(英文版)》2017,(1)
The selection and design of an optimal solvent for extractive distillation require reliable vapour-liquid phase equilibrium data and knowledge of extraction mechanisms.Compared with time-consuming experiments,molecular simulation presents great potential in research on the properties of fluids.Therefore,in this work,Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo was applied to successfully predict the vapour-liquid phase equilibrium data of binary and ternary systems containing benzene,thiophene and N,Ndimethylformamide(DMF) at P=101.3 kPa.The explicit hydrogen version of the transferable potentials for phase equilibria potential model was chosen for benzene and thiophene,whereas the OPLS potential model was selected for DMF.The predicted phase diagrams were compared with experimental data and the UNIQUAC thermodynamic model.A good agreement was obtained,which corroborated the validity of the potential models.In addition,the extraction mechanism was explored by radial distribution function(RDF) of the liquid-phase structure.The RDFs showed that thiophene and benzene shared a similar liquidphase structure because of the intermolecular interaction.The distinct difference between the RDFs of DMF/benzene and those of DMF/thiophene is that the oxygen atom of DMF is more associated with hydrogen atoms of thiophene than that of benzene,which may be responsible for the extraction effect of DMF. 相似文献
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The selection and design of an optimal solvent for extractive distillation require reliable vapour–liquid phase equilibrium data and knowledge of extraction mechanisms. Compared with time-consuming experiments, molecular simulation presents great potential in research on the properties of fluids. Therefore, in this work, Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo was applied to successfully predict the vapour–liquid phase equilibrium data of binary and ternary systems containing benzene, thiophene and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at P = 101.3 kPa. The explicit hydrogen version of the transferable potentials for phase equilibria potential model was chosen for benzene and thiophene, whereas the OPLS potential model was selected for DMF. The predicted phase diagrams were compared with experimental data and the UNIQUAC thermodynamic model. A good agreement was obtained, which corroborated the validity of the potential models. In addition, the extraction mechanism was explored by radial distribution function (RDF) of the liquid-phase structure. The RDFs showed that thiophene and benzene shared a similar liquid-phase structure because of the intermolecular interaction. The distinct difference between the RDFs of DMF/benzene and those of DMF/thiophene is that the oxygen atom of DMF is more associated with hydrogen atoms of thiophene than that of benzene, which may be responsible for the extraction effect of DMF. 相似文献
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奥扎格雷中DMF残留量的测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了直接进样毛细管气相色谱法测定奥扎格雷中DMF残留量的方法。色谱柱为HP-FFAP石英毛细管柱,采用程序升温,载气为氮气,检测器为FID,以DMSO为溶剂。在上述色谱条件下,DMF的线性范围为1.76~15.84 mg/L,平均加样回收率为95.14%。此方法可用于测定原料药中DMF的残留量。 相似文献
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在293K～313K温度范围内测定了Er(ClO4)3在DMF溶剂中的电导率,根据λ=(K液-K剂)×10-3/c公式求得Er(ClO4)3的摩尔电导率λ值,应用Kohlraush经验规则:λ=λ0(1-βc),使用Origin软件进行线性拟合,作图外推求得Er(ClO4)3在DMF溶剂中的无限稀释摩尔电导率λ0值,讨论了Er(ClO4)3在DMF溶剂中的无限稀释摩尔电导率与温度的关系 相似文献
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以均苯三酰胺甘氨酸为配体,合成了[Zn3L2·15H2O]n(1)和[Cd3L2·DMF·7H2O]n(2)(L=均苯三酰胺甘氨酸,DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺).并对其进行了元素分析、红外光谱、热重分析、X-射线粉末衍射和荧光光谱测定,与配体相比,[Zn3L2·15H2O]n(1)和[Cd3L2·DMF·7H2O]n(2)的荧光光谱发生了不同程度的红移和蓝移,其最大发射峰分别在467nm和428nm. 相似文献
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Azeotropic liquid mixture cannot be separated by conventional distillation. But extractive distillation or combination of the two can be valid for them. An experiment to separate benzene and cyclohexane by batch extractive distillation was carried out with N,N-dimethylformide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and their mixture as extractive solvent. The effect of the operation parameters such as solvent flow rate and reflux ratio on the separation was studied under the same operating conditions. The results show that the separation effect was improved with the increase of solvent flow rate and the reflux ratio; all the three extractive solvents can separate benzene and cyclohexane, with DMF being the most efficient one, the mixture the second, and DMSO the least. In the experiment the best operation conditions are with DMF as extractive solvent, the solvent flow rate being 12.33 mL/min, and the reflux ratio being 6. As a result, we can get cyclohexane from the top of tower with the average product content being 86.98%, and its recovering ratio being 83.10%. 相似文献
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测得常压下298．15～318．15K温度某些浓度的BMIMPF6与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）混合液密度。计算BMIMPF6在DMF溶液表观摩尔体积,修正的Redlich—Meyer方程拟合混合液的表观摩尔体积与组分浓度关系．最大标准偏差低于0．05cm^3·mol^-1。用Redlich—Kister方程关联混合液的超额摩尔体积与组分浓度关系,推算得无限稀释偏摩尔体积和无限稀释偏摩尔超额体积。结果表明理论分析与实验结果具有较好的一致性：离子液体中离子与有机分子间存在着离子-偶极、离子对作用和结构效应诠释了体积性质的变化规律。 相似文献