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1.
家庭心理环境是指人为因素形成的家庭条件,包括家庭中一切成员的世界观、气质、道德修养、家庭活动氛围等。研究采用家长报告法,用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)(第三修订版)对城市46名小学4年级学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)城市小学生家庭环境中的亲密度、娱乐性、组织性和控制性四个因子的得分显著高于全国常模,成功性因子显著低于全国常模;(2)城市小学生父母受教育程度和职业类型均对家庭环境因子的影响存在显著差异,但总体影响作用不突出;(3)在家庭知识性因子上,父母文化程度均为大学的得分高于或显著高于大专或高中家庭。母亲为企业职员的得分显著高于专业技术、无业和自由职业三类家庭;(4)在家庭情感表达因子上,父亲为企业职员的得分高于专业技术、政府和自由职业三类家庭;母亲为自由职业者的得分高于或显著高于无业、企业、政府和专业技术人员四类家庭;(5)父亲文化程度与家庭环境的知识性因子呈显著正相关,而与道德宗教观因子呈显著负相关;(6)母亲文化程度与家庭环境的控制性因子呈显著正相关。 相似文献
2.
《兰州教育学院学报》2018,(6)
建立良好的家庭关系和营造良好的家庭环境有利于个体身心健康发展,家庭亲密度和适应性是家庭环境的重要内容。本研究采用《家庭亲密度和适应性量表》和《父母教养方式评价量表》对257位大学生进行了调查研究,旨在探索家庭亲密度和适应性与家庭教养方式之间的关系。研究结果显示:(1)大学生父母教养方式在性别、是否独生子女上存在显著差异;(2)大学生家庭亲密度存在显著的性别差异,家庭亲密度和适应性在是否独生子女上存在显著差异;(3)大学生父母教养方式与家庭亲密度和适应性存在显著相关,其中情感温暖理解因子与家庭亲密度和适应性存在显著正相关,情感温暖理解因子越高,家庭亲密度和适应性就越高。 相似文献
3.
采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对广西某高职院校2010级高职新生进行心理健康普查,发现其在部分因子上的得分显著高于2008年全国47所高校新常模,各因子分的均值、总均分以及总分的均值比较呈现出女生高于男生、少数民族学生高于汉族学生、来自农村乡镇的学生高于城市学生、来自非独生子女家庭的学生高于独生子女家庭学生、贫困学生高于非贫困学生的特征,症状分布存在明显特点。 相似文献
4.
《潍坊教育学院学报》2019,(1)
采用大学生职业决策问卷和主观幸福感问卷对重庆253名大学生进行问卷调查。结果显示大学生职业决策总分在年级上存在显著差异,在性别、是否为独生子女因素上无显著差异;大学生主观幸福感在性别、年级、是否为独生子女及家庭经济状况上差异不显著,但生活满意度在家庭经济状况上差异显著。认为大学生职业决策及其各因子与主观幸福感均存在显著相关,职业决策的部分因子对主观幸福感具有预测作用。 相似文献
5.
初中聋生心理健康状况与家庭环境的相关研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
目的:探讨影响初中聋生心理健康的家庭因素,为促进聋生心理健康,改善家庭环境提供依据。方法:采用整群和分层整群抽样的方法,使用《心理健康诊断测验量表》(MHT)和《家庭环境量表》(FES)对河北省85名初中聋生和120名健听学生进行了问卷调查。结果:初中聋生和健听学生心理健康水平没有差异;聋女生的心理健康状况显著高于男生;初中聋生与健听学生家庭环境在亲和度、成功性、娱乐性和控制性四个因子方面差异极显著;父母亲的文化程度与聋生的自责倾向、冲动倾向显著相关。结论:初中聋生的心理健康状况受性别、父母文化程度、家庭环境等多因素影响。 相似文献
6.
应激理论强调：不同的应对方式会引发不同的应激反应水平.本文采用应对方式问卷和家庭环境量表（FES-CV）对农村高中3个年级241名学生进行测量.显示农村高中生在应对生活事件时主要采取积极成熟的应对方式;男生和女生在求助和合理化上存在显著差异;文、理科生在应对方式上不存在显著差异;独生子女和非独生子女在问题解决和自责上存在显著差异;不同家庭结构的农村高中学生在求助上存在显著差异;各年级高中学生在应对方式上不存在显著性差异;农村高中生的应对方式在一定程度上受到家庭环境的影响. 相似文献
7.
调查结果显示,在家庭环境的各维度上,不同性别的大学生不存在差异,独生子女在娱乐性、知识性和控制性上得分显著高于非独生子女,城市大学生在娱乐性和知识性上得分显著高于农村大学生;在乐观人格特质的接纳维度上,不同性别的大学生存在显著差异,城市大学生得分显著高于农村大学生;家庭环境中的亲密度、知识性、娱乐性和组织性与积极应对方式相关;乐观人格特质在家庭环境与积极应对方式之间有显著中介作用。 相似文献
8.
目的：主要了解11-14岁学生心理健康状况,并分析和探讨家庭环境因素与处于转折期儿童抑郁的关系。方法：本研究选择湘潭县某中学七年级学生335人,运用家庭环境量表（FES-CV）和儿童抑郁量表（CDI）进行问卷调查,并对学生的心理健康状况进行评定。结果：家庭环境与七年级学生抑郁有着密切关系,家庭环境中多个因子与学生抑郁情绪具有相关性。七年级学生抑郁均分为（10.084±5.993）分;男生抑郁得分低于女生但未达到差异显著（P〈0.05）;独生子女学生与非独生子女学生抑郁得分均未显示差异显著（P〈0.05）;抑郁的总体与家庭环境中的＂亲密度＂、＂情感表达＂、＂知识性＂、＂娱乐性＂、＂组织性＂有极其显著的负相关,与＂矛盾性＂存在显著的正相关。结论：家庭环境是七年级学生抑郁问题的重要影响因素,在矫正孩子心理健康问题时应重点关注家庭环境及父母对孩子的影响。 相似文献
9.
《兰州教育学院学报》2016,(12):160-162
本研究采用《心理弹性量表》和《五因子正念度问卷》对225名大一学生进行测查,来探讨心理弹性与正念度之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)不同性别学生在心理弹性的坚韧性因子、正念度观察和不行动因子存在显著差异,独生子女和非独生子女各因子均不存在显著差异;(2)父亲文化程度为大学及以上学历的学生与父亲文化程度为高中及以下学历的学生在乐观性方面存在显著差异,母亲文化程度为大学及以上学历的学生坚韧性显著高于母亲文化程度为高中及以下学历的学生,觉知地行动则显著低于母亲文化程度为高中及以下学历的学生;(3)心理弹性的坚韧性和力量性均与正念度的各因子(除了不判断)极显著相关,而乐观性则与观察、描述和觉知地行动极显著相关。 相似文献
10.
目的:探讨城市流动人口子女的家庭环境状况。方法:使用自编家庭基本情况调查表和家庭环境中文版量表(PES-CV),对河南省5所学校299名城市流动人口子女学生进行测试。结果:1.城市流动人口子女家庭父母一起外出比例较高、外出年限较长、家庭经济状况较差、父母学历较低;2.不同外出类型城市流动人口子女在家庭环境的情感表达和控制性两个因子上存在统计学意义差异。结论:应该关注流动人口子女的家庭环境状况。 相似文献
11.
李京蔓 《四川教育学院学报》2009,25(9):7-9
在独生子女的家庭教育中,家长应正确面对独生子女的特异性,认识到这种特异性不在于孩子是否独生,而在于家庭生活和教育环境。在家庭教育中,家长一味严格和一味宠爱对独生子女的教育都是不利的。不要剥夺独生子女在家庭中生活的元素,而是要把五颜六色的生活体验还给孩子。面对独生子女的教育问题仅仅去寻求对策不是明智之举,重要的是,家长要在家庭教育中直面自己和孩子的生命。 相似文献
12.
Sean Neill 《教育心理学》1982,2(2):103-119
The influence of short‐term alterations in the visual and acoustic characteristics of a preschool playroom on the behaviour of children and staff was observed. Daily changes were made on a random schedule between four conditions; screens only, carpets only, screen and carpets and bare room without either screens or carpets. The aim was to see whether the alterations affected the time children and staff spent in a range of behaviours whose educational value could be assessed from previous studies. A scan method of observation was used. Both screens and carpeting were expected to increase educationally valuable behaviour by staff and children. Staff produced significantly more educational and social talk to children in the carpeted conditions. Staff and children spent more time in adult‐child social and educational groups in the carpets and screens condition. Screens discouraged some ‘medium involvement’ educational activities and encouraged ‘miscellaneous’ non‐educational activities. Though these differences were statistically significant, their absolute sizes were small. This appears to be due to the child‐centred orientation of preschool staff, who aimed to provide a stable environment with free choice of activities under all conditions. 相似文献
13.
Philip R. Jones 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2003,19(4):317-324
This paper presents a personal reflection on the history and contribution of child and family guidance within the profession of educational psychology. It argues for a return to a child and family orientation within practice to ensure there is a better focus on children's needs. A recent change in the range of therapeutic options makes it more likely that modern child and family guidance will be both effective, cost-efficient, and less stifled by interprofessional ossification. The future of child and family guidance is considered in terms of the working party on the role of the educational psychologist in England and Wales. 相似文献
14.
Early Intervention and Mediating Processes in Cognitive Performance of Children of Low-Income African American Families 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Margaret R. Burchinal Frances A. Campbell Donna M. Brayant Barbara H. Wasik Craig T. Ramey 《Child development》1997,68(5):935-954
This longitudinal study of 161 African American children from low-income families examined multiple influences, including early childhood interventions and characteristics of the child and family, on longitudinal patterns of children's cognitive performance measured between 6 months and 8 years of age. Results indicate that more optimal patterns of cognitive development were associated with intensive early educational child care, responsive stimulating care at home, and higher maternal IQ. In accordance with a general systems model, analyses also suggested that child care experiences were related to better cognitive performance in part through enhancing the infant's responsiveness to his or her environment. Maternal IQ had both a direct effect on cognitive performance during early childhood and, also, an indirect effect through its influence on the family environment. 相似文献
15.
Reducing Risk for Substance Use by Economically Disadvantaged Young Men: Positive Family Environments and Pathways to Educational Attainment 
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下载免费PDF全文 Monica J. Martin Rand D. Conger Stephanie L. Sitnick April S. Masarik Erika E. Forbes Daniel S. Shaw 《Child development》2015,86(6):1719-1737
Using prospective, longitudinal data spanning 10 years (age = 10–20) from a study of 295 economically disadvantaged males, the current investigation evaluated a developmental model that links early family environment and later educational aspirations, extracurricular activities, and educational attainment to substance use in early adulthood. The results indicate that a positive family environment during adolescence (low family conflict, high family warmth, and effective child management) predicted educational involvements during adolescence that promoted educational attainment during early adulthood. Finally, higher levels of educational attainment were associated with less substance use in early adulthood, even after controlling for adolescent substance use. These findings suggest that positive parenting promotes educational achievements that increase resilience to substance use for economically disadvantaged males. 相似文献
16.
Family Reading Behavior and Early Literacy Skills in Preschool Children From Low-Income Backgrounds 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigated the family reading behavior of 233 preschool children from low-income backgrounds who were attending Head Start. Parents completed a survey of their family reading behavior, including Child Reading, Parent Reading Interest, and Parent-Child Reading Interaction, and provided demographic data on their educational level, parent and child age, and family size. Children's receptive vocabulary, story and print concepts, letter knowledge, and general emergent literacy skills were assessed in the fall of their preschool year. Analyses focused on the variation in family reading behavior, the relationship between different dimensions of family reading behavior, and the contribution of family reading behavior to early literacy skills. Results indicated that Parent-Child Reading Interaction and Child Reading Interest were significantly related to children's early literacy skills. In addition, multiple regression analyses indicated that Parent-Child Reading Interaction was a small yet significant predictor of children's receptive vocabulary, story and print concepts, and general emergent literacy skills, above and beyond the influence of demographic variables. Child Reading Interest was a significant, albeit small, predictor of letter knowledge above and beyond these demographic controls. Implications of these results for the early literacy education of children of low-income families are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Homework in the Home: How Student, Family, and Parenting-Style Differences Relate to the Homework Process 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Parents (n = 709) were surveyed about involvement in their child's homework. A factor analysis revealed three dimensions of homework involvement similar to those found in more general studies of parenting style. These dimensions are autonomy support, direct involvement, and elimination of distractions. A fourth dimension, parental interference, differentiated itself from autonomy support for students in higher grades. Two-thirds of parents reported some negative or inappropriate form of involvement. Parenting style for homework was then related to student and family characteristics and student schooling outcomes. Results indicated parents with students in higher grade levels reported giving students more homework autonomy and less involvement of all other types. Parents in poorer families reported less support for autonomy and more interference. Parents reported less elimination of distractions when an adult was not at home after school and, for elementary school students, when there were more than one child living in the home. Elementary school parents of males reported more direct involvement in homework, while high school parents of females reported more direct involvement. More parental support for autonomy was associated with higher standardized test scores, higher class grades, and more homework completed. More positive parent involvement was associated with lower test scores and lower class grades, especially for elementary school students. Student attitudes toward homework were unrelated to parenting style for homework. Stage–environment fit theory and conceptions of families as varying in resources to support children are used to explain the findings and draw implications for parent behavior and educational practice. 相似文献
18.
Yves Prêteur Odette Lescarret Myriam de Léonardis 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1998,13(4):461-474
We examine the influence of family educational practices on the interaction and communication competencies of four-year-old children. The child, as an active player in its own development, has to manage intra- and inter-personal conflicts in the socio-cognitive and socio-affective registers. We postulate that parental educational practices orient the relationship which each child develops with the world and with itself. Family educational practices were evaluated by means of two questionnaires (general education, specific education). The child’s communication competence was assessed on the following levels: intrapsychic dynamics (projective, tests, social competence and self-representation scales); oral and written communication competence (typological analysis (250 children and their parents). The results show that sociocultural contexts interact with family educational concepts and practices to influence the development of self-representations and the capacity for oral and written communication. General family education modulates the intrapsychic personal dynamics of young children, while specific family education is more responsible for influencing behaviours linked to school activities. A top-down hierarchical analysis was used to differentiate between these two forms of communication competence and the patterns adopted by the child within the diversity of family educational contexts. 相似文献
19.
探讨民族对青少年主观幸福感的作用特点．采用青少年主观幸福感量表测量了900名汉、羌、彝族青少年的主观幸福感现状,并进行了不同层次的分析．结果表明：汉、羌、彝族青少年的主观幸福感属中等偏上水平．在整体生活满意度、家庭满意度、学校满意度上,彝族青少年均显著高于汉、羌族青少年（P〈0．01）;在学业满意度上,羌族和彝族青少年显著高于汉族青少年（P〈0．01）;在自由满意度上,羌族青少年明显低于彝族青少年（P〈0．05）;在负性情感上,彝族青少年的消极体验显著高于汉、羌族青少年（P〈0．001）．友谊、学校、学业和自由满意度在年级之间和学习成绩优、良、中、差之间均有显著差异,环境满意度在青少年母亲职业上有主效应,主观幸福感各因子在性别、父母亲受教育程度和从事职业上主效应均不明显．从交互作用看,主观幸福感的不同维度在性别与年级、性别与学习成绩、年级与学习成绩之间和青少年父母亲受教育程度、父母亲职业之间的交互作用明显,主观幸福感各维度在性别、年级和学习成绩之间均无交互作用． 相似文献
20.
Many studies have concentrated on investigating educational expenditure and pupil–teacher ratio to see how these two factors can influence the quality of education. This study chooses to examine these two educational factors from a different perspective. If educational expenditure and pupil–teacher ratio really have a significant impact on the quality of education as many studies have claimed, it is important to step back and understand why some regions choose to have high/low educational expenditure and high/low pupil–teacher ratios. This study found that culture has an important impact on these two educational factors. Hofstede's cultural dimensions, namely Power Distance and Individualism, were applied and results showed that these two cultural dimensions, when applied to 43 regions around the world, demonstrated a significant impact on educational expenditure and pupil–teacher ratio. 相似文献